{"noeuds":[{"id":"obje-invisible-externalities","titre":"Invisible externalities","type":"objet","texte":"invisible externalities objet objets de largument invisible externalities a harm unmeasured measured but unpriced or priced but not justiciable three deficiencies three remedies 2 2"},{"id":"obje-twenty-families-five-modes","titre":"Twenty families · five modes","type":"objet","texte":"twenty families five modes objet objets de largument twenty families five modes the landscape of harm by form and by transmission channel anchored in third party sources 2 32 4"},{"id":"obje-accountability-deficit","titre":"Accountability deficit","type":"objet","texte":"accountability deficit objet objets de largument accountability deficit functions without a duty holder duty holders without a forum affected parties without information or avenue of redress 2 5"},{"id":"obje-law-of-attrition-power-hypothesis","titre":"Law of attrition · power hypothesis","type":"objet","texte":"law of attrition power hypothesis objet objets de largument law of attrition power hypothesis what survives is what obliges no one the blank arises from the absence of a duty holder not from the veto alone 2 62 7 box 9"},{"id":"obje-global-accountability-chain","titre":"Global Accountability Chain","type":"objet","texte":"global accountability chain objet objets de largument global accountability chain accountability as a property of architecture three cumulative completenesses functional relational procedural 1 4 4"},{"id":"obje-negative-mandates","titre":"Negative mandates","type":"objet","texte":"negative mandates objet objets de largument negative mandates each body defined by what it forbids itself the architectures first firewall 4 2 p2 4 7"},{"id":"obje-stopping-rules","titre":"Stopping rules","type":"objet","texte":"stopping rules objet objets de largument stopping rules the institutional right not to conclude not to attribute not to price 1 7 4 2"},{"id":"obje-interface-integrity","titre":"Interface integrity","type":"objet","texte":"interface integrity objet objets de largument interface integrity no consequence on an output that does not carry its supporting evidence pack boxes 45 5 9"},{"id":"obje-principles-p1p10","titre":"Principles P1–P10","type":"objet","texte":"principles p1p10 objet objets de largument principles p1p10 the normative specification for any instantiation 4 2 15 5"},{"id":"obje-the-seven-functions","titre":"The seven functions","type":"objet","texte":"the seven functions objet objets de largument the seven functions measure rate price adjust finance certify adjudicate one function one duty holder 5"},{"id":"obje-the-three-instruments","titre":"The three instruments","type":"objet","texte":"the three instruments objet objets de largument the three instruments the charter the norms the gaf the parties obligations the call participation 6"},{"id":"obje-the-two-loops","titre":"The two loops","type":"objet","texte":"the two loops objet objets de largument the two loops respond to the observed effect the chain prevent the foreseeable cascade the preventive loop 1 5 15"},{"id":"obje-four-categories-of-claim","titre":"Four categories of claim","type":"objet","texte":"four categories of claim objet objets de largument four categories of claim verifiable programme derived design proposal normative commitment every sentence carries its own tab 1 1 10"},{"id":"obje-three-rung-ladder","titre":"Three-rung ladder","type":"objet","texte":"three rung ladder objet objets de largument three rung ladder accounting incidence plausible attribution identified causality never above its rung box 10 9 2"},{"id":"obje-s0s6-routing","titre":"S0–S6 routing","type":"objet","texte":"s0s6 routing objet objets de largument s0s6 routing seven classes of spillover only two s3s4 open efficiency correction 9 7"},{"id":"obje-non-additivity-a-b-c","titre":"Non-additivity A / B / C","type":"objet","texte":"non additivity a b c objet objets de largument non additivity a b c market costs welfare transfers three ontologies that never add up box 2 9 2"},{"id":"obje-fifteen-mechanisms-seven-rules","titre":"Fifteen mechanisms · seven rules","type":"objet","texte":"fifteen mechanisms seven rules objet objets de largument fifteen mechanisms seven rules the anatomy of monetary spillover and its discipline of bounded attribution 9 19 2"},{"id":"obje-the-four-test-cases","titre":"The four test cases","type":"objet","texte":"the four test cases objet objets de largument the four test cases data centre monetary sevilla peace four evidential statuses never added together 811"},{"id":"obje-m-f-i-configurations-l-ap-scales","titre":"M / F / I configurations · L, AP scales","type":"objet","texte":"m f i configurations l ap scales objet objets de largument m f i configurations l ap scales the gradation of adoption from light protocol to regime through decision gates 4 6 12"},{"id":"exte-climate-change-greenhouse-gases","titre":"Climate change (greenhouse gases)","type":"externalite","texte":"climate change greenhouse gases externalite externalites climate change greenhouse gases climate several trillions ipcc 2023 rennert 2022"},{"id":"sect-climate","titre":"Climate","type":"secteur","texte":"climate secteur secteurs climate"},{"id":"exte-air-pollution-particulate-matter","titre":"Air pollution (particulate matter)","type":"externalite","texte":"air pollution particulate matter externalite externalites air pollution particulate matter environment health several trillions world bank 2022 8 100 billion"},{"id":"sect-environment","titre":"Environment","type":"secteur","texte":"environment secteur secteurs environment"},{"id":"sect-health","titre":"health","type":"secteur","texte":"health secteur secteurs health"},{"id":"exte-industrially-caused-health-harms","titre":"Industrially caused health harms","type":"externalite","texte":"industrially caused health harms externalite externalites industrially caused health harms health 1 0003 000 billion who ilo 2021"},{"id":"sect-health-2","titre":"Health","type":"secteur","texte":"health secteur secteurs health"},{"id":"exte-persistent-chemical-pollution","titre":"Persistent chemical pollution","type":"externalite","texte":"persistent chemical pollution externalite externalites persistent chemical pollution environment health 1 0003 000 billion fuller et al 2022 larsen sanchez triana 2023"},{"id":"exte-biodiversity-loss-and-deforestation","titre":"Biodiversity loss and deforestation","type":"externalite","texte":"biodiversity loss and deforestation externalite externalites biodiversity loss and deforestation environment 1 0003 000 billion world bank 2021 dasgupta 2021"},{"id":"exte-systemic-financial-instability","titre":"Systemic financial instability","type":"externalite","texte":"systemic financial instability externalite externalites systemic financial instability financial 1 0003 000 billion laeven valencia 2020"},{"id":"sect-financial","titre":"Financial","type":"secteur","texte":"financial secteur secteurs financial"},{"id":"exte-military-spending-and-conflict","titre":"Military spending and conflict","type":"externalite","texte":"military spending and conflict externalite externalites military spending and conflict geopolitics 1 0003 000 billion sipri 2024"},{"id":"sect-geopolitics","titre":"Geopolitics","type":"secteur","texte":"geopolitics secteur secteurs geopolitics"},{"id":"exte-antimicrobial-resistance","titre":"Antimicrobial resistance","type":"externalite","texte":"antimicrobial resistance externalite externalites antimicrobial resistance health hundreds of billions world bank 2017"},{"id":"exte-concentration-of-market-power","titre":"Concentration of market power","type":"externalite","texte":"concentration of market power externalite externalites concentration of market power economic hundreds of billions de loecker eeckhout unger 2020 mechanism"},{"id":"sect-economic","titre":"Economic","type":"secteur","texte":"economic secteur secteurs economic"},{"id":"exte-water-overuse-and-pollution","titre":"Water overuse and pollution","type":"externalite","texte":"water overuse and pollution externalite externalites water overuse and pollution environment hundreds of billions world bank 2016 2019"},{"id":"exte-pandemics-and-zoonoses","titre":"Pandemics and zoonoses","type":"externalite","texte":"pandemics and zoonoses externalite externalites pandemics and zoonoses health hundreds of billions g20 hlip 2021"},{"id":"exte-fossil-fuel-subsidies","titre":"Fossil fuel subsidies","type":"externalite","texte":"fossil fuel subsidies externalite externalites fossil fuel subsidies financial climate hundreds of billions black et al 2025 explicit"},{"id":"sect-climate-2","titre":"climate","type":"secteur","texte":"climate secteur secteurs climate"},{"id":"exte-illicit-financial-flows-and-evasion","titre":"Illicit financial flows and evasion","type":"externalite","texte":"illicit financial flows and evasion externalite externalites illicit financial flows and evasion financial hundreds of billions gfi 2021 tax justice network 2023"},{"id":"exte-social-and-environmental-costs-of-trade","titre":"Social and environmental costs of trade","type":"externalite","texte":"social and environmental costs of trade externalite externalites social and environmental costs of trade trade hundreds of billions derived from the programme no third party anchor"},{"id":"sect-trade","titre":"Trade","type":"secteur","texte":"trade secteur secteurs trade"},{"id":"exte-unregulated-ai-and-algorithmic-bias","titre":"Unregulated AI and algorithmic bias","type":"externalite","texte":"unregulated ai and algorithmic bias externalite externalites unregulated ai and algorithmic bias digital hundreds of billions derived from the programme no third party anchor"},{"id":"sect-digital","titre":"Digital","type":"secteur","texte":"digital secteur secteurs digital"},{"id":"exte-digital-platform-externalities","titre":"Digital platform externalities","type":"externalite","texte":"digital platform externalities externalite externalites digital platform externalities digital hundreds of billions derived from the programme no third party anchor"},{"id":"exte-monetary-policy-spillovers","titre":"Monetary policy spillovers","type":"externalite","texte":"monetary policy spillovers externalite externalites monetary policy spillovers financial monetary hundreds of billions yaiche 2025 9"},{"id":"sect-monetary","titre":"monetary","type":"secteur","texte":"monetary secteur secteurs monetary"},{"id":"exte-global-talent-capture-brain-drain","titre":"Global talent capture (brain drain)","type":"externalite","texte":"global talent capture brain drain externalite externalites global talent capture brain drain human hundreds of billions derived from the programme no third party anchor"},{"id":"sect-human","titre":"Human","type":"secteur","texte":"human secteur secteurs human"},{"id":"exte-plastic-pollution-and-waste","titre":"Plastic pollution and waste","type":"externalite","texte":"plastic pollution and waste externalite externalites plastic pollution and waste environment hundreds of billions unep 2021 oecd 2022"},{"id":"exte-overfishing-and-ocean-degradation","titre":"Overfishing and ocean degradation","type":"externalite","texte":"overfishing and ocean degradation externalite externalites overfishing and ocean degradation environment tens to hundreds of billions world bank 2017 sunken billions"},{"id":"fonc-measure","titre":"Measure","type":"fonction","texte":"measure fonction fonctions measure a single source of quantitative truth separate from any value judgement and any price does not rate does not price does not adjudicate otherwise measurement bends to the desired outcome"},{"id":"inst-human-impacts-board","titre":"Human Impacts Board","type":"institution","texte":"human impacts board institution institutions human impacts board huib peers affected parties methodology committee data methods uncertainties scientific direction and authors"},{"id":"fonc-rate","titre":"Rate","type":"fonction","texte":"rate fonction fonctions rate translate measurement into comparable severity separately from the facts and from price does not measure consumes huib sets no price to rate is not to price"},{"id":"inst-global-impact-rating-authority","titre":"Global Impact Rating Authority","type":"institution","texte":"global impact rating authority institution institutions global impact rating authority gira appeals committee rated actors coefficient method consistency rating panel"},{"id":"fonc-price","titre":"Price","type":"fonction","texte":"price fonction fonctions price convert severity into a monetary consequence separately from rating does not rate never recomputes a rating does not collect"},{"id":"inst-global-financial-equity-authority","titre":"Global Financial Equity Authority","type":"institution","texte":"global financial equity authority institution institutions global financial equity authority gfea audit contributing parties court conversion function and incidence pricing authority"},{"id":"fonc-adjust-at-borders","titre":"Adjust at borders","type":"fonction","texte":"adjust at borders fonction fonctions adjust at borders make the consequence enforceable against trade with no tax doctrine or science of its own sets no fiscal doctrine produces no science consumes huib and gira"},{"id":"inst-border-fairness-mechanism","titre":"Border Fairness Mechanism","type":"institution","texte":"border fairness mechanism institution institutions border fairness mechanism bfm national authorities operators courts base and non discrimination adjustment administration"},{"id":"fonc-finance","titre":"Finance","type":"fonction","texte":"finance fonction fonctions finance disburse solidarity from earmarked revenues without levying tax or producing the measurement neither taxes nor collects neither measures nor rates whoever spends does not set what it receives"},{"id":"inst-global-solidarity-fund","titre":"Global Solidarity Fund","type":"institution","texte":"global solidarity fund institution institutions global solidarity fund gsf contributors beneficiaries audit allocation decisions and results allocation board"},{"id":"fonc-certify-democratically","titre":"Certify democratically","type":"fonction","texte":"certify democratically fonction fonctions certify democratically subject digital systems including those of the architecture to a certification legitimated by parliaments does not measure rate tax or adjudicate and regulates no trade"},{"id":"inst-inter-parliamentary-digital-authority","titre":"Inter-Parliamentary Digital Authority","type":"institution","texte":"inter parliamentary digital authority institution institutions inter parliamentary digital authority ipda member parliaments the public standards votes algorithmic systems assembly and secretariat"},{"id":"fonc-adjudicate","titre":"Adjudicate","type":"fonction","texte":"adjudicate fonction fonctions adjudicate state the law on the acts of the chain without defining policy or executing defines no policy executes nothing the court guards the guardians it does not command them"},{"id":"inst-humanity-court","titre":"Humanity Court","type":"institution","texte":"humanity court institution institutions humanity court appeal review mechanisms rules jurisdiction reasoning impartiality judges and court administration"},{"id":"clas-s0-incidence-without-net-loss","titre":"S0 — Incidence without net loss","type":"classe","texte":"s0 incidence without net loss classe classes s0s6 s0 incidence without net loss s0 pecuniary transfer gains and losses offset each other no residual distortion no financial consequence measurement and rating maintained"},{"id":"clas-s1-remediable-domestic-distortion","titre":"S1 — Remediable domestic distortion","type":"classe","texte":"s1 remediable domestic distortion classe classes s0s6 s1 remediable domestic distortion s1 friction in the recipient an instrument of the integrated framework was available and proportionate no levy on the source technical and transitional support"},{"id":"clas-s2-domestic-externality-under-constrained-instrument","titre":"S2 — Domestic externality under constrained instruments","type":"classe","texte":"s2 domestic externality under constrained instruments classe classes s0s6 s2 domestic externality under constrained instruments s2 demand or financial externality rigidity policy constraint and non internalisation capacity financing not correction"},{"id":"clas-s3-inefficient-cross-border-externality","titre":"S3 — Inefficient cross-border externality","type":"classe","texte":"s3 inefficient cross border externality classe classes s0s6 s3 inefficient cross border externality s3 uninternalised global loss at least one korinek condition failing and a material corrective gain correction window"},{"id":"clas-s4-market-power-or-strategic-conduct","titre":"S4 — Market power or strategic conduct","type":"classe","texte":"s4 market power or strategic conduct classe classes s0s6 s4 market power or strategic conduct s4 terms of trade externality the source jurisdiction is not a price taker or acts strategically correction window after a proportionality test"},{"id":"clas-s4-bis-value-used-as-negotiating-leverage","titre":"S4 bis — Value used as negotiating leverage","type":"classe","texte":"s4 bis value used as negotiating leverage classe classes s0s6 s4 bis value used as negotiating leverage s4bis an acknowledged value effect instrumentalised in a negotiation the existence of the negotiation the instrumental character of the value effect and the identification of third parties bearing the incidence without being parties to it finding and publication correction only if the conditions of s3 or s4 are otherwise met"},{"id":"clas-s5-distributively-contested-transfer","titre":"S5 — Distributively contested transfer","type":"classe","texte":"s5 distributively contested transfer classe classes s0s6 s5 distributively contested transfer s5 no net loss demonstrated incidence deemed inequitable a solidarity rule explicitly adopted and ratified equity window never presented as pigouvian"},{"id":"clas-s6-legally-wrongful-act","titre":"S6 — Legally wrongful act","type":"classe","texte":"s6 legally wrongful act classe classes s0s6 s6 legally wrongful act s6 breach of an applicable obligation obligation breach causation jurisdiction the gfea quantifies the court characterises and orders"},{"id":"fami-general-theory-of-the-global-accountability-chain","titre":"General theory of the Global Accountability Chain","type":"famille","texte":"general theory of the global accountability chain famille familles dapports general theory of the global accountability chain f1"},{"id":"fami-interface-governance-and-institutional-design","titre":"Interface governance and institutional design","type":"famille","texte":"interface governance and institutional design famille familles dapports interface governance and institutional design f2"},{"id":"fami-anatomy-of-monetary-spillovers","titre":"Anatomy of monetary spillovers","type":"famille","texte":"anatomy of monetary spillovers famille familles dapports anatomy of monetary spillovers f3"},{"id":"fami-attribution-non-additivity-and-distributive-tracing","titre":"Attribution, non-additivity and distributive tracing","type":"famille","texte":"attribution non additivity and distributive tracing famille familles dapports attribution non additivity and distributive tracing f4"},{"id":"fami-empirical-diagnosis-of-global-fragmentation","titre":"Empirical diagnosis of global fragmentation","type":"famille","texte":"empirical diagnosis of global fragmentation famille familles dapports empirical diagnosis of global fragmentation f5"},{"id":"fami-ai-data-and-institutional-resilience","titre":"AI, data and institutional resilience","type":"famille","texte":"ai data and institutional resilience famille familles dapports ai data and institutional resilience f6"},{"id":"fami-applications-adoption-and-implementation","titre":"Applications, adoption and implementation","type":"famille","texte":"applications adoption and implementation famille familles dapports applications adoption and implementation f7"},{"id":"inno-theory-of-the-three-completenesses-of-accountability","titre":"Theory of the three completenesses of accountability","type":"innovation","texte":"theory of the three completenesses of accountability apport apports theory of the three completenesses of accountability 1 general completeness criterion functions duty holderforum relations and procedural continuity m4 conceptual lead"},{"id":"inno-accountability-deficit-towards-affected-parties","titre":"Accountability deficit towards affected parties","type":"innovation","texte":"accountability deficit towards affected parties apport apports accountability deficit towards affected parties 15 diagnosis of a breakdown in information representation adversarial process reasons or redress m4 conceptual lead"},{"id":"inno-distinction-between-the-theory-of-the-chain-and-its-","titre":"Distinction between the theory of the chain and its 7+3 instantiation","type":"innovation","texte":"distinction between the theory of the chain and its 7 3 instantiation apport apports distinction between the theory of the chain and its 7 3 instantiation 16 protects the theoretical core and makes the number of bodies revisable m5 conceptual lead"},{"id":"inno-interface-governance-as-an-autonomous-institutional-","titre":"Interface governance as an autonomous institutional object","type":"innovation","texte":"interface governance as an autonomous institutional object apport apports interface governance as an autonomous institutional object 2 treats the transmission of the case file as a locus of power information loss and responsibility m4 conceptual lead"},{"id":"inno-rights-grounded-function-first-method","titre":"Rights-grounded, function-first method","type":"innovation","texte":"rights grounded function first method apport apports rights grounded function first method 10 derives the functions from rights and guarantees before choosing institutions m4 conceptual lead"},{"id":"inno-doctrine-of-negative-mandates","titre":"Doctrine of negative mandates","type":"innovation","texte":"doctrine of negative mandates apport apports doctrine of negative mandates 11 defines each function by its prohibitions as much as by its powers m4 conceptual lead"},{"id":"inno-s0s6-classification-as-a-routing-mechanism","titre":"S0–S6 classification as a routing mechanism","type":"innovation","texte":"s0s6 classification as a routing mechanism apport apports s0s6 classification as a routing mechanism 12 separates transfer vulnerability efficiency equity and legal breach before any consequence m4 conceptual lead"},{"id":"inno-stopping-rules-and-the-institutional-right-not-to-co","titre":"Stopping rules and the institutional right not to conclude","type":"innovation","texte":"stopping rules and the institutional right not to conclude apport apports stopping rules and the institutional right not to conclude 13 organises uncertainty and prevents the automatic conversion of a weak estimate into a strong decision m4 conceptual lead"},{"id":"inno-separation-of-intentionincidencecausalityequitylaw","titre":"Separation of intention–incidence–causality–equity–law","type":"innovation","texte":"separation of intentionincidencecausalityequitylaw apport apports separation of intentionincidencecausalityequitylaw 14 provides a common language for economists lawyers and decision makers takes the passion out of attribution m4 conceptual lead"},{"id":"inno-mandatory-comparison-with-lighter-architectures","titre":"Mandatory comparison with lighter architectures","type":"innovation","texte":"mandatory comparison with lighter architectures apport apports mandatory comparison with lighter architectures 17 subjects the 7 3 to the status quo to minimal protocols and to federated forms m4 conceptual lead"},{"id":"inno-typology-of-epistemic-statuses-and-burdens-of-proof","titre":"Typology of epistemic statuses and burdens of proof","type":"innovation","texte":"typology of epistemic statuses and burdens of proof apport apports typology of epistemic statuses and burdens of proof 19 links each type of claim to a burden of proof and to authorised decisions m5 conceptual lead"},{"id":"inno-anatomy-of-monetary-spillovers-in-fifteen-signed-mec","titre":"Anatomy of monetary spillovers in fifteen signed mechanisms","type":"innovation","texte":"anatomy of monetary spillovers in fifteen signed mechanisms apport apports anatomy of monetary spillovers in fifteen signed mechanisms 3 turns the aggregate spillover into auditable mechanisms offsets included m4 empirical collaboration"},{"id":"inno-cumulative-monetary-impact-and-exhaustion-of-buffers","titre":"Cumulative monetary impact and exhaustion of buffers","type":"innovation","texte":"cumulative monetary impact and exhaustion of buffers apport apports cumulative monetary impact and exhaustion of buffers 4 links instrument stacking synchronisation defensive reactions and fiscal persistence m3 empirical collaboration"},{"id":"inno-multidimensional-shock-vector-with-testable-signatur","titre":"Multidimensional shock vector with testable signatures","type":"innovation","texte":"multidimensional shock vector with testable signatures apport apports multidimensional shock vector with testable signatures 7 decomposes the source jurisdiction shock into components with signed predictions and rank conditions m3 empirical collaboration"},{"id":"inno-bounded-partial-attribution-mechanism-by-mechanism","titre":"Bounded partial attribution, mechanism by mechanism","type":"innovation","texte":"bounded partial attribution mechanism by mechanism apport apports bounded partial attribution mechanism by mechanism 5 replaces the single figure with bounds under joint restrictions and a coherent counterfactual m3 empirical collaboration"},{"id":"inno-full-cycle-symmetry-and-distribution-across-agents","titre":"Full-cycle symmetry and distribution across agents","type":"innovation","texte":"full cycle symmetry and distribution across agents apport apports full cycle symmetry and distribution across agents 6 tracks benefits exposures and losses from easing to tightening by agent and over time m3 empirical collaboration"},{"id":"inno-non-additivity-and-allocation-by-primitive-economic-","titre":"Non-additivity and allocation by primitive economic components","type":"innovation","texte":"non additivity and allocation by primitive economic components apport apports non additivity and allocation by primitive economic components 8 prevents double counting across flows stocks valuations incomes and exposures m4 conceptual lead"},{"id":"inno-distributive-tracing-of-the-100-units-injected","titre":"Distributive tracing of the “100 units injected”","type":"innovation","texte":"distributive tracing of the 100 units injected apport apports distributive tracing of the 100 units injected 9 turns a political intuition into a protocol through non additive registers and beneficiary ranks m3 empirical collaboration"},{"id":"inno-mapping-of-an-international-system-that-is-dense-but","titre":"Mapping of an international system that is dense but incomplete","type":"innovation","texte":"mapping of an international system that is dense but incomplete apport apports mapping of an international system that is dense but incomplete 18 provisionally documents the asymmetry between norms financing qualification consequence and redress m3 provisional result"},{"id":"inno-authority-matrix-for-ai-native-and-human-governed-in","titre":"Authority matrix for AI-native and human-governed institutions","type":"innovation","texte":"authority matrix for ai native and human governed institutions apport apports authority matrix for ai native and human governed institutions 20 distinguishes assistance recommendation validation and decision identifies the responsible authority m4 conceptual lead"},{"id":"inno-error-containment-and-degraded-operation-without-ai","titre":"Error containment and degraded operation without AI","type":"innovation","texte":"error containment and degraded operation without ai apport apports error containment and degraded operation without ai 21 prevents a single technical or supplier failure from becoming an incontestable authority m4 conceptual lead"},{"id":"inno-fast-modes-within-fixed-mandates","titre":"Fast modes within fixed mandates","type":"innovation","texte":"fast modes within fixed mandates apport apports fast modes within fixed mandates 22 accelerates crisis response through pre commitment thresholds expiry and a maintained avenue of redress m4 conceptual lead"},{"id":"inno-gradual-adoption-without-a-coercive-world-government","titre":"Gradual adoption without a coercive world government","type":"innovation","texte":"gradual adoption without a coercive world government apport apports gradual adoption without a coercive world government 23 organises a modular consented reversible trajectory conditional on the results of the pilot m4 pilot policy"},{"id":"inno-actionability-layer-for-development-financing","titre":"Actionability layer for development financing","type":"innovation","texte":"actionability layer for development financing apport apports actionability layer for development financing 24 turns announced amounts into a passport decision gates useful flows and a corrective loop m4 pilot policy"},{"id":"inno-accountability-as-infrastructure-for-preventive-peac","titre":"Accountability as infrastructure for preventive peace","type":"innovation","texte":"accountability as infrastructure for preventive peace apport apports accountability as infrastructure for preventive peace 25 tests whether visibility adversarial process reason giving and correction of grievances can reduce certain escalation mechanisms m3 exploratory extension"},{"id":"meca-additional-exchange-rate-cost-on-debt-service-cash-f","titre":"Additional exchange-rate cost on debt service (cash flow)","type":"mecanisme","texte":"additional exchange rate cost on debt service cash flow mecanisme mecanismes de transmission additional exchange rate cost on debt service cash flow a1 tightening stronger reserve currencies local depreciation more local currency required for each unit of foreign currency debt service actually paid negative cash flow 9 1 chapitre 9"},{"id":"meca-additional-floating-rate-interest-cost","titre":"Additional floating-rate interest cost","type":"mecanisme","texte":"additional floating rate interest cost mecanisme mecanismes de transmission additional floating rate interest cost a2 reference rates sofr euribor rise the floating rate tranche of external debt reprices automatically negative cash flow 9 1 chapitre 9"},{"id":"meca-refinancing-risk-free-curve","titre":"Refinancing — risk-free curve","type":"mecanisme","texte":"refinancing risk free curve mecanisme mecanismes de transmission refinancing risk free curve a3 each new issue or rollover is priced off a higher risk free curve negative cash flow 9 1 chapitre 9"},{"id":"meca-refinancing-global-emerging-market-spread","titre":"Refinancing — global emerging-market spread","type":"mecanisme","texte":"refinancing global emerging market spread mecanisme mecanismes de transmission refinancing global emerging market spread a4 global risk aversion widens emerging market spreads indiscriminately irrespective of the countrys fundamentals negative cash flow 9 1 chapitre 9"},{"id":"meca-refinancing-idiosyncratic-premium","titre":"Refinancing — idiosyncratic premium","type":"mecanisme","texte":"refinancing idiosyncratic premium mecanisme mecanismes de transmission refinancing idiosyncratic premium a5 the country specific premium programme status ratings politics negative cash flow 9 1 chapitre 9"},{"id":"meca-cost-of-carrying-reserves","titre":"Cost of carrying reserves","type":"mecanisme","texte":"cost of carrying reserves mecanisme mecanismes de transmission cost of carrying reserves a6 reserves yield less than the rising cost of domestic funding the negative carry widens negative cash flow 9 1 chapitre 9"},{"id":"meca-domestic-crowding-out","titre":"Domestic crowding-out","type":"mecanisme","texte":"domestic crowding out mecanisme mecanismes de transmission domestic crowding out a7 imported tightening compels the domestic central bank to raise its own policy rate domestic debt service rises negative cash flow 9 1 chapitre 9"},{"id":"meca-imported-cereal-price-shock","titre":"Imported cereal-price shock","type":"mecanisme","texte":"imported cereal price shock mecanisme mecanismes de transmission imported cereal price shock b1 world cereal prices surge under supply shocks negative imported prices 9 1 chapitre 9"},{"id":"meca-imported-energy-price-shock","titre":"Imported energy-price shock","type":"mecanisme","texte":"imported energy price shock mecanisme mecanismes de transmission imported energy price shock b2 world energy prices deepen the energy deficit negative imported prices 9 1 chapitre 9"},{"id":"meca-drag-on-export-demand","titre":"Drag on export demand","type":"mecanisme","texte":"drag on export demand mecanisme mecanismes de transmission drag on export demand c1 tightening slows the main trading partners economy export orders fall negative real economy 9 1 chapitre 9"},{"id":"meca-drag-on-fdi-and-financing","titre":"Drag on FDI and financing","type":"mecanisme","texte":"drag on fdi and financing mecanisme mecanismes de transmission drag on fdi and financing c2 risk aversion delays or reduces inward investment negative real economy 9 1 chapitre 9"},{"id":"meca-tourism-buffer-negative-sign","titre":"Tourism (buffer, negative sign)","type":"mecanisme","texte":"tourism buffer negative sign mecanisme mecanismes de transmission tourism buffer negative sign c3 tightening at the centre compresses the income of its residents who travel less and the recipient countrys tourism receipts fall negative real economy 9 1 chapitre 9"},{"id":"meca-return-on-reserves-gain","titre":"Return on reserves (gain)","type":"mecanisme","texte":"return on reserves gain mecanisme mecanismes de transmission return on reserves gain o1 reserves invested at the higher policy rates yield more a genuine offset deducted once only positive offset 9 1 chapitre 9"},{"id":"meca-revaluation-of-diaspora-remittances-gain","titre":"Revaluation of diaspora remittances (gain)","type":"mecanisme","texte":"revaluation of diaspora remittances gain mecanisme mecanismes de transmission revaluation of diaspora remittances gain o2 depreciation raises the local currency value of remittances positive offset 9 1 chapitre 9"},{"id":"meca-ebb-in-world-prices-gain","titre":"Ebb in world prices (gain)","type":"mecanisme","texte":"ebb in world prices gain mecanisme mecanismes de transmission ebb in world prices gain o3 end of cycle easing in energy and food prices positive offset 9 1 chapitre 9"},{"id":"meca-memo-item-exchange-rate-revaluation-of-the-debt-stoc","titre":"Memo item: exchange-rate revaluation of the debt stock","type":"mecanisme","texte":"memo item exchange rate revaluation of the debt stock mecanisme mecanismes de transmission memo item exchange rate revaluation of the debt stock balance sheet revaluation of the entire external debt stock presented separately never added to cash flows neutral balance sheet item memo 9 1 chapitre 9"},{"id":"sect-executive-summary","titre":"Executive Summary","type":"section","texte":"executive summary section sections de louvrage executive summary true 414"},{"id":"sect-1-the-strategic-problem","titre":"1 The strategic problem","type":"section","texte":"1 the strategic problem section sections de louvrage 1 the strategic problem 1 false 417"},{"id":"sect-2-the-diagnosis","titre":"2 The diagnosis","type":"section","texte":"2 the diagnosis section sections de louvrage 2 the diagnosis 2 false 420"},{"id":"sect-3-the-central-proposal","titre":"3 The central proposal","type":"section","texte":"3 the central proposal section sections de louvrage 3 the central proposal 3 false 423"},{"id":"sect-4-the-7-3-what-it-is-and-what-it-is-not","titre":"4 The 7+3: what it is and what it is not","type":"section","texte":"4 the 7 3 what it is and what it is not section sections de louvrage 4 the 7 3 what it is and what it is not 4 false 426"},{"id":"sect-5-a-two-loop-architecture","titre":"5 A 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443"},{"id":"sect-10-what-must-not-yet-be-asserted","titre":"10 What must not yet be asserted","type":"section","texte":"10 what must not yet be asserted section sections de louvrage 10 what must not yet be asserted 10 false 447"},{"id":"sect-11-recommended-programme-of-action","titre":"11 Recommended programme of action","type":"section","texte":"11 recommended programme of action section sections de louvrage 11 recommended programme of action 11 false 450"},{"id":"sect-decision-table-status-of-the-main-proposals","titre":"Decision table — status of the main proposals","type":"section","texte":"decision table status of the main proposals section sections de louvrage decision table status of the main proposals true 453"},{"id":"sect-executive-conclusion","titre":"Executive conclusion","type":"section","texte":"executive conclusion section sections de louvrage executive conclusion true 456"},{"id":"sect-extended-abstract","titre":"Extended abstract","type":"section","texte":"extended abstract section sections de louvrage extended abstract true 458"},{"id":"sect-the-argument-in-one-page","titre":"The argument in one page","type":"section","texte":"the argument in one page section sections de louvrage the argument in one page true 478"},{"id":"sect-diagram-of-the-accountability-chain","titre":"Diagram of the accountability chain","type":"section","texte":"diagram of the accountability chain section sections de louvrage diagram of the accountability chain true 488"},{"id":"sect-the-map-of-the-system-how-the-pieces-fit-together","titre":"The map of the system — how the pieces fit together","type":"section","texte":"the map of the system how the pieces fit together section sections de louvrage the map of the system how the pieces fit together true 493"},{"id":"sect-the-five-levels-not-to-be-confused","titre":"The five levels not to be confused","type":"section","texte":"the five levels not to be confused section sections de louvrage the five levels not to be confused true 495"},{"id":"sect-the-three-keys-the-misreadings-to-avoid","titre":"The three keys — the misreadings to avoid","type":"section","texte":"the three keys the misreadings to avoid section sections de louvrage the three keys the misreadings to avoid true 497"},{"id":"sect-the-map-table-each-object-what-it-presupposes-what-i","titre":"The map-table — each object, what it presupposes, what it feeds","type":"section","texte":"the map table each object what it presupposes what it feeds section sections de louvrage the map table each object what it presupposes what it feeds true 501"},{"id":"sect-the-status-of-claims","titre":"The status of claims","type":"section","texte":"the status of claims section sections de louvrage the status of claims true 502"},{"id":"sect-reading-pathways","titre":"Reading pathways","type":"section","texte":"reading pathways section sections de louvrage reading pathways true 504"},{"id":"sect-acronyms-terms-and-conventions","titre":"Acronyms, terms and 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566"},{"id":"sect-1-7-negative-mandates-stopping-rules-and-routing","titre":"1.7 Negative mandates, stopping rules and routing","type":"section","texte":"1 7 negative mandates stopping rules and routing section sections de louvrage 1 7 negative mandates stopping rules and routing 1 7 false 569"},{"id":"sect-1-8-the-monetary-programme-as-a-methodological-labor","titre":"1.8 The monetary programme as a methodological laboratory","type":"section","texte":"1 8 the monetary programme as a methodological laboratory section sections de louvrage 1 8 the monetary programme as a methodological laboratory 1 8 false 573"},{"id":"sect-1-9-research-questions","titre":"1.9 Research questions","type":"section","texte":"1 9 research questions section sections de louvrage 1 9 research questions 1 9 false 577"},{"id":"sect-1-10-method-evidential-statuses-and-materials","titre":"1.10 Method, evidential statuses and materials","type":"section","texte":"1 10 method evidential statuses and materials section sections de louvrage 1 10 method evidential statuses and materials 1 10 false 579"},{"id":"sect-1-11-the-twenty-five-axes-of-differentiation","titre":"1.11 The twenty-five axes of differentiation","type":"section","texte":"1 11 the twenty five axes of differentiation section sections de louvrage 1 11 the twenty five axes of differentiation 1 11 false 585"},{"id":"sect-1-12-scope-and-non-claims","titre":"1.12 Scope and non-claims","type":"section","texte":"1 12 scope and non claims section sections de louvrage 1 12 scope and non claims 1 12 false 596"},{"id":"sect-1-13-organisation-of-the-present-work","titre":"1.13 Organisation of the present work","type":"section","texte":"1 13 organisation of the present work section sections de louvrage 1 13 organisation of the present work 1 13 false 599"},{"id":"sect-2-the-accountability-deficit","titre":"2 The accountability deficit","type":"section","texte":"2 the accountability deficit section sections de louvrage 2 the accountability deficit 2 false 602"},{"id":"sect-2-1-a-practitioners-vignette","titre":"2.1 A practitioner’s vignette","type":"section","texte":"2 1 a practitioners vignette section sections de louvrage 2 1 a practitioners vignette 2 1 false 604"},{"id":"sect-2-2-invisible-externalities-a-definition","titre":"2.2 Invisible externalities, a definition","type":"section","texte":"2 2 invisible externalities a definition section sections de louvrage 2 2 invisible externalities a definition 2 2 false 607"},{"id":"sect-2-1-1-boundary-conditions-and-exclusions","titre":"2.1.1 Boundary conditions and exclusions.","type":"section","texte":"2 1 1 boundary conditions and exclusions section sections de louvrage 2 1 1 boundary conditions and exclusions 2 1 1 false 614"},{"id":"sect-2-3-modes-and-sectors-a-working-taxonomy","titre":"2.3 Modes and sectors: a working taxonomy","type":"section","texte":"2 3 modes and sectors a working taxonomy section sections de louvrage 2 3 modes and sectors a working taxonomy 2 3 false 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objection tested against the century 2 7 false 656"},{"id":"sect-3-a-dense-international-system-that-stops-along-the-","titre":"3 A dense international system that stops along the way","type":"section","texte":"3 a dense international system that stops along the way section sections de louvrage 3 a dense international system that stops along the way 3 false 663"},{"id":"sect-3-1-the-united-nations-level-a-diagnosis-without-mea","titre":"3.1 The United Nations level: a diagnosis without means of constraint","type":"section","texte":"3 1 the united nations level a diagnosis without means of constraint section sections de louvrage 3 1 the united nations level a diagnosis without means of constraint 3 1 false 664"},{"id":"sect-3-1-1-how-does-an-international-norm-become-legally-","titre":"3.1.1 How does an international norm become legally binding?","type":"section","texte":"3 1 1 how does an international norm become legally binding section sections de louvrage 3 1 1 how does an 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770"},{"id":"sect-4-3-design-requirements-and-alternative-architecture","titre":"4.3 Design requirements and alternative architectures","type":"section","texte":"4 3 design requirements and alternative architectures section sections de louvrage 4 3 design requirements and alternative architectures 4 3 false 780"},{"id":"sect-4-3-1-test-of-exhaustiveness-inclusion-and-fusion-of","titre":"4.3.1 Test of exhaustiveness, inclusion and fusion of functions","type":"section","texte":"4 3 1 test of exhaustiveness inclusion and fusion of functions section sections de louvrage 4 3 1 test of exhaustiveness inclusion and fusion of functions 4 3 1 false 785"},{"id":"sect-4-4-selection-rule-and-refutability","titre":"4.4 Selection rule and refutability","type":"section","texte":"4 4 selection rule and refutability section sections de louvrage 4 4 selection rule and refutability 4 4 false 790"},{"id":"sect-4-5-qualitative-comparison-of-the-candidate-architec","titre":"4.5 Qualitative comparison of the 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825"},{"id":"sect-5-3-global-impact-rating-authority-gira-the-translat","titre":"5.3 Global Impact Rating Authority (GIRA) — the translation layer","type":"section","texte":"5 3 global impact rating authority gira the translation layer section sections de louvrage 5 3 global impact rating authority gira the translation layer 5 3 false 848"},{"id":"sect-5-4-global-financial-equity-authority-gfea-the-prici","titre":"5.4 Global Financial Equity Authority (GFEA) — the pricing layer","type":"section","texte":"5 4 global financial equity authority gfea the pricing layer section sections de louvrage 5 4 global financial equity authority gfea the pricing layer 5 4 false 868"},{"id":"sect-5-4-1-debtor-enforcement-and-immunity","titre":"5.4.1 Debtor, enforcement and immunity","type":"section","texte":"5 4 1 debtor enforcement and immunity section sections de louvrage 5 4 1 debtor enforcement and immunity 5 4 1 false 888"},{"id":"sect-5-5-border-fairness-mechanism-the-adjustment-layer","titre":"5.5 Border Fairness Mechanism — the adjustment layer","type":"section","texte":"5 5 border fairness mechanism the adjustment layer section sections de louvrage 5 5 border fairness mechanism the adjustment layer 5 5 false 895"},{"id":"sect-5-6-global-solidarity-fund-gsf-the-financing-layer","titre":"5.6 Global Solidarity Fund (GSF) — the financing layer","type":"section","texte":"5 6 global solidarity fund gsf the financing layer section sections de louvrage 5 6 global solidarity fund gsf the financing layer 5 6 false 917"},{"id":"sect-5-7-democratic-certification-of-digital-systems-ipda","titre":"5.7 Democratic certification of digital systems — IPDA as candidate host","type":"section","texte":"5 7 democratic certification of digital systems ipda as candidate host section sections de louvrage 5 7 democratic certification of digital systems ipda as candidate host 5 7 false 928"},{"id":"sect-5-7-1-algorithmic-assurance-beyond-human-sign-off","titre":"5.7.1 Algorithmic assurance beyond human sign-off.","type":"section","texte":"5 7 1 algorithmic assurance beyond human sign off section sections de louvrage 5 7 1 algorithmic assurance beyond human sign off 5 7 1 false 939"},{"id":"sect-5-8-humanity-court-the-adjudicative-layer","titre":"5.8 Humanity Court — the adjudicative layer","type":"section","texte":"5 8 humanity court the adjudicative layer section sections de louvrage 5 8 humanity court the adjudicative layer 5 8 false 945"},{"id":"sect-5-8-1-from-primary-obligation-to-full-reparation-the","titre":"5.8.1 From primary obligation to full reparation: the scope of the 2025 climate advisory opinion","type":"section","texte":"5 8 1 from primary obligation to full reparation the scope of the 2025 climate advisory opinion section sections de louvrage 5 8 1 from primary obligation to full reparation the scope of the 2025 climate advisory opinion 5 8 1 false 953"},{"id":"sect-5-9-the-architecture-as-a-chain-the-interfaces-betwe","titre":"5.9 The architecture as a chain: the interfaces between the seven","type":"section","texte":"5 9 the architecture as a chain the interfaces between the seven section sections de louvrage 5 9 the architecture as a chain the interfaces between the seven 5 9 false 972"},{"id":"sect-5-10-who-pays-the-rated-never-pays-the-rater","titre":"5.10 Who pays: the rated never pays the rater","type":"section","texte":"5 10 who pays the rated never pays the rater section sections de louvrage 5 10 who pays the rated never pays the rater 5 10 false 982"},{"id":"sect-6-the-legal-normative-and-civic-system","titre":"6 The legal, normative and civic system","type":"section","texte":"6 the legal normative and civic system section sections de louvrage 6 the legal normative and civic system 6 false 987"},{"id":"sect-6-1-carthage-charter-the-normative-foundation","titre":"6.1 Carthage Charter — the normative 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clause 6 2 1 false 1010"},{"id":"sect-6-3-call-of-carthage-the-civic-and-participatory-mec","titre":"6.3 Call of Carthage — the civic and participatory mechanism","type":"section","texte":"6 3 call of carthage the civic and participatory mechanism section sections de louvrage 6 3 call of carthage the civic and participatory mechanism 6 3 false 1013"},{"id":"sect-6-3-1-four-channels-and-the-referral-regime","titre":"6.3.1 Four channels and the referral regime","type":"section","texte":"6 3 1 four channels and the referral regime section sections de louvrage 6 3 1 four channels and the referral regime 6 3 1 false 1015"},{"id":"sect-6-4-hierarchy-adoption-and-legal-effects","titre":"6.4 Hierarchy, adoption and legal effects","type":"section","texte":"6 4 hierarchy adoption and legal effects section sections de louvrage 6 4 hierarchy adoption and legal effects 6 4 false 1028"},{"id":"sect-6-5-conflict-rules-and-amendment-procedure","titre":"6.5 Conflict rules and amendment 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7 1 assurance cost and degraded operation 7 1 false 1052"},{"id":"sect-7-2-threat-model-and-non-propagation-controls","titre":"7.2 Threat model and non-propagation controls","type":"section","texte":"7 2 threat model and non propagation controls section sections de louvrage 7 2 threat model and non propagation controls 7 2 false 1054"},{"id":"sect-7-3-authority-matrix-beyond-the-human-in-the-loop","titre":"7.3 Authority matrix: beyond the “human in the loop”","type":"section","texte":"7 3 authority matrix beyond the human in the loop section sections de louvrage 7 3 authority matrix beyond the human in the loop 7 3 false 1056"},{"id":"sect-7-4-data-governance-matrix","titre":"7.4 Data governance matrix","type":"section","texte":"7 4 data governance matrix section sections de louvrage 7 4 data governance matrix 7 4 false 1058"},{"id":"sect-7-5-building-the-seven-institutions-with-ai-and-the-","titre":"7.5 Building the seven institutions with AI — and the safeguards above the 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boundaries section sections de louvrage 8 2 scenario counterfactual and boundaries 8 2 false 1087"},{"id":"sect-8-3-huib-measuring-without-aggregating-prematurely","titre":"8.3 HuIB: measuring without aggregating prematurely","type":"section","texte":"8 3 huib measuring without aggregating prematurely section sections de louvrage 8 3 huib measuring without aggregating prematurely 8 3 false 1095"},{"id":"sect-8-4-gira-qualifying-without-pricing","titre":"8.4 GIRA: qualifying without pricing","type":"section","texte":"8 4 gira qualifying without pricing section sections de louvrage 8 4 gira qualifying without pricing 8 4 false 1106"},{"id":"sect-8-5-gfea-bfm-and-gsf-consequence-adjustment-and-fina","titre":"8.5 GFEA, BFM and GSF: consequence, adjustment and financing","type":"section","texte":"8 5 gfea bfm and gsf consequence adjustment and financing section sections de louvrage 8 5 gfea bfm and gsf consequence adjustment and financing 8 5 false 1110"},{"id":"sect-8-6-ipda-certifying-the-pipeline-that-measures-ai","titre":"8.6 IPDA: certifying the pipeline that measures AI","type":"section","texte":"8 6 ipda certifying the pipeline that measures ai section sections de louvrage 8 6 ipda certifying the pipeline that measures ai 8 6 false 1116"},{"id":"sect-8-7-the-case-file-passing-through-the-seven-institut","titre":"8.7 The case file passing through the seven institutions","type":"section","texte":"8 7 the case file passing through the seven institutions section sections de louvrage 8 7 the case file passing through the seven institutions 8 7 false 1120"},{"id":"sect-8-8-humanity-court-three-simulated-challenges","titre":"8.8 Humanity Court: three simulated challenges","type":"section","texte":"8 8 humanity court three simulated challenges section sections de louvrage 8 8 humanity court three simulated challenges 8 8 false 1124"},{"id":"sect-8-9-the-three-instruments-in-the-case","titre":"8.9 The three instruments in the 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spillovers from incidence to bounded attribution 9 false 1147"},{"id":"sect-9-1-four-families-fifteen-mechanisms","titre":"9.1 Four families, fifteen mechanisms","type":"section","texte":"9 1 four families fifteen mechanisms section sections de louvrage 9 1 four families fifteen mechanisms 9 1 false 1151"},{"id":"sect-9-2-the-discipline-of-attribution","titre":"9.2 The discipline of attribution","type":"section","texte":"9 2 the discipline of attribution section sections de louvrage 9 2 the discipline of attribution 9 2 false 1160"},{"id":"sect-9-3-orders-of-magnitude-at-three-scales","titre":"9.3 Orders of magnitude, at three scales","type":"section","texte":"9 3 orders of magnitude at three scales section sections de louvrage 9 3 orders of magnitude at three scales 9 3 false 1172"},{"id":"sect-9-4-what-the-architecture-would-do-in-the-face-of-a-","titre":"9.4 What the architecture would do in the face of a spillover effect","type":"section","texte":"9 4 what the architecture would do in the face of a spillover effect section sections de louvrage 9 4 what the architecture would do in the face of a spillover effect 9 4 false 1184"},{"id":"sect-9-4-1-the-traversing-case-file-anatomy-of-an-allocat","titre":"9.4.1 The traversing case file: anatomy of an allocation of special drawing rights","type":"section","texte":"9 4 1 the traversing case file anatomy of an allocation of special drawing rights section sections de louvrage 9 4 1 the traversing case file anatomy of an allocation of special drawing rights 9 4 1 false 1208"},{"id":"sect-9-5-reproducibility-and-limits-of-interpretation","titre":"9.5 Reproducibility and limits of interpretation","type":"section","texte":"9 5 reproducibility and limits of interpretation section sections de louvrage 9 5 reproducibility and limits of interpretation 9 5 false 1224"},{"id":"sect-9-6-from-accounting-incidence-to-attribution-in-term","titre":"9.6 From accounting incidence to attribution in terms of welfare and of law","type":"section","texte":"9 6 from accounting incidence to attribution in terms of welfare and of law section sections de louvrage 9 6 from accounting incidence to attribution in terms of welfare and of law 9 6 false 1228"},{"id":"sect-9-7-from-spillover-to-consequence-what-must-be-estab","titre":"9.7 From spillover to consequence: what must be established before pricing","type":"section","texte":"9 7 from spillover to consequence what must be established before pricing section sections de louvrage 9 7 from spillover to consequence what must be established before pricing 9 7 false 1234"},{"id":"sect-9-8-the-stacking-of-tightenings-and-the-exhaustion-o","titre":"9.8 The stacking of tightenings and the exhaustion of fiscal buffers","type":"section","texte":"9 8 the stacking of tightenings and the exhaustion of fiscal buffers section sections de louvrage 9 8 the stacking of tightenings and the exhaustion of fiscal buffers 9 8 false 1262"},{"id":"sect-9-9-three-failures-one-and-the-same-cause-what-inter","titre":"9.9 Three failures, one and the same cause: what international monetary reform has already attempted","type":"section","texte":"9 9 three failures one and the same cause what international monetary reform has already attempted section sections de louvrage 9 9 three failures one and the same cause what international monetary reform has already attempted 9 9 false 1283"},{"id":"sect-10-from-announced-financing-to-actionable-developmen","titre":"10 From announced financing to actionable development","type":"section","texte":"10 from announced financing to actionable development section sections de louvrage 10 from announced financing to actionable development 10 false 1289"},{"id":"sect-10-1-executive-summary","titre":"10.1 Executive summary","type":"section","texte":"10 1 executive summary section sections de louvrage 10 1 executive summary 10 1 false 1291"},{"id":"sect-10-2-purpose-scope-and-conditions-of-compatibility","titre":"10.2 Purpose, scope and conditions of compatibility","type":"section","texte":"10 2 purpose scope and conditions of compatibility section sections de louvrage 10 2 purpose scope and conditions of compatibility 10 2 false 1295"},{"id":"sect-10-3-development-beyond-the-volume-of-financing","titre":"10.3 Development: beyond the volume of financing","type":"section","texte":"10 3 development beyond the volume of financing section sections de louvrage 10 3 development beyond the volume of financing 10 3 false 1300"},{"id":"sect-10-4-what-sevilla-made-possible-and-what-remains-to-","titre":"10.4 What Sevilla made possible — and what remains to be linked","type":"section","texte":"10 4 what sevilla made possible and what remains to be linked section sections de louvrage 10 4 what sevilla made possible and what remains to be linked 10 4 false 1304"},{"id":"sect-10-5-an-implementation-and-accountability-layer-for-","titre":"10.5 An implementation and accountability layer for Sevilla","type":"section","texte":"10 5 an implementation and accountability layer for sevilla section sections de louvrage 10 5 an implementation and accountability layer for sevilla 10 5 false 1308"},{"id":"sect-10-6-the-initiative-passport-basic-unit-of-actionabi","titre":"10.6 The initiative passport: basic unit of actionability","type":"section","texte":"10 6 the initiative passport basic unit of actionability section sections de louvrage 10 6 the initiative passport basic unit of actionability 10 6 false 1319"},{"id":"sect-10-7-a-common-maturity-scale-without-reducing-initia","titre":"10.7 A common maturity scale, without reducing initiatives to a single rating","type":"section","texte":"10 7 a common maturity scale without reducing initiatives to a single rating section sections de louvrage 10 7 a common maturity scale without reducing initiatives to a single rating 10 7 false 1321"},{"id":"sect-10-8-how-the-seven-functions-make-sevilla-actionable","titre":"10.8 How the seven functions make Sevilla actionable","type":"section","texte":"10 8 how the seven functions make sevilla actionable section sections de louvrage 10 8 how the seven functions make sevilla actionable 10 8 false 1325"},{"id":"sect-10-9-the-six-decision-gates-before-qualifying-an-ini","titre":"10.9 The six decision gates before qualifying an initiative as actionable","type":"section","texte":"10 9 the six decision gates before qualifying an initiative as actionable section sections de louvrage 10 9 the six decision gates before qualifying an initiative as actionable 10 9 false 1327"},{"id":"sect-10-10-financing-moving-from-announced-amounts-to-use","titre":"10.10 Financing: moving from announced amounts to useful flows","type":"section","texte":"10 10 financing moving from announced amounts to useful flows section sections de louvrage 10 10 financing moving from announced amounts to useful flows 10 10 false 1335"},{"id":"sect-10-11-data-governance-and-artificial-intelligence","titre":"10.11 Data governance and artificial intelligence","type":"section","texte":"10 11 data governance and artificial intelligence section sections de louvrage 10 11 data governance and artificial intelligence 10 11 false 1339"},{"id":"sect-10-12-dashboard-few-indicators-several-registers","titre":"10.12 Dashboard: few indicators, several registers","type":"section","texte":"10 12 dashboard few indicators several registers section sections de louvrage 10 12 dashboard few indicators several registers 10 12 false 1349"},{"id":"sect-10-13-correction-loop-what-happens-when-an-initiativ","titre":"10.13 Correction loop: what happens when an initiative drifts","type":"section","texte":"10 13 correction loop what happens when an initiative drifts section sections de louvrage 10 13 correction loop what happens when an initiative drifts 10 13 false 1352"},{"id":"sect-10-14-federated-governance-making-visible-without-ce","titre":"10.14 Federated governance: making visible without centralising","type":"section","texte":"10 14 federated governance making visible without centralising section sections de louvrage 10 14 federated governance making visible without centralising 10 14 false 1355"},{"id":"sect-10-15-proposed-pilot-a-portfolio-of-twelve-initiativ","titre":"10.15 Proposed pilot: a portfolio of twelve initiatives","type":"section","texte":"10 15 proposed pilot a portfolio of twelve initiatives section sections de louvrage 10 15 proposed pilot a portfolio of twelve initiatives 10 15 false 1359"},{"id":"sect-10-16-how-the-chain-concretely-supports-development","titre":"10.16 How the chain concretely supports development","type":"section","texte":"10 16 how the chain concretely supports development section sections de louvrage 10 16 how the chain concretely supports development 10 16 false 1363"},{"id":"sect-10-17-antithesis-can-the-accountability-layer-slow-s","titre":"10.17 Antithesis: can the accountability layer slow Sevilla down?","type":"section","texte":"10 17 antithesis can the accountability layer slow sevilla down section sections de louvrage 10 17 antithesis can the accountability layer slow sevilla down 10 17 false 1365"},{"id":"sect-10-18-criteria-for-success-simplification-and-reject","titre":"10.18 Criteria for success, simplification and rejection","type":"section","texte":"10 18 criteria for success simplification and rejection section sections de louvrage 10 18 criteria for success simplification and rejection 10 18 false 1369"},{"id":"sect-10-19-proposed-road-map","titre":"10.19 Proposed road map","type":"section","texte":"10 19 proposed road map section sections de louvrage 10 19 proposed road map 10 19 false 1375"},{"id":"sect-10-20-decision-conclusion","titre":"10.20 Decision conclusion","type":"section","texte":"10 20 decision conclusion section sections de louvrage 10 20 decision conclusion 10 20 false 1382"},{"id":"sect-11-preventive-peace-and-resilience-in-the-face-of-cr","titre":"11 Preventive peace and resilience in the face of crises","type":"section","texte":"11 preventive peace and resilience in the face of crises section sections de louvrage 11 preventive peace and resilience in the face of crises 11 false 1385"},{"id":"sect-11-1-executive-summary","titre":"11.1 Executive summary","type":"section","texte":"11 1 executive summary section sections de louvrage 11 1 executive summary 11 1 false 1387"},{"id":"sect-11-2-purpose-scope-and-status-of-the-proposal","titre":"11.2 Purpose, scope and status of the proposal","type":"section","texte":"11 2 purpose scope and status of the proposal section sections de louvrage 11 2 purpose scope and status of the proposal 11 2 false 1391"},{"id":"sect-11-3-from-peace-as-the-absence-of-violence-to-peace-","titre":"11.3 From peace as the absence of violence to peace as institutional capacity","type":"section","texte":"11 3 from peace as the absence of violence to peace as institutional capacity section sections de louvrage 11 3 from peace as the absence of violence to peace as institutional capacity 11 3 false 1396"},{"id":"sect-11-4-theory-of-change-from-the-ungoverned-grievance-","titre":"11.4 Theory of change: from the ungoverned grievance to escalation, then to de-escalation","type":"section","texte":"11 4 theory of change from the ungoverned grievance to escalation then to de escalation section sections de louvrage 11 4 theory of change from the ungoverned grievance to escalation then to de escalation 11 4 false 1400"},{"id":"sect-11-5-the-seven-functions-as-capacities-for-peace","titre":"11.5 The seven functions as capacities for peace","type":"section","texte":"11 5 the seven functions as capacities for peace section sections de louvrage 11 5 the seven functions as capacities for peace 11 5 false 1404"},{"id":"sect-11-6-the-three-instruments-and-pacifying-legitimacy","titre":"11.6 The three instruments and pacifying legitimacy","type":"section","texte":"11 6 the three instruments and pacifying legitimacy section sections de louvrage 11 6 the three instruments and pacifying legitimacy 11 6 false 1406"},{"id":"sect-11-7-a-preventive-peace-protocol-based-on-the-chain","titre":"11.7 A preventive-peace protocol based on the chain","type":"section","texte":"11 7 a preventive peace protocol based on the chain section sections de louvrage 11 7 a preventive peace protocol based on the chain 11 7 false 1412"},{"id":"sect-11-8-articulation-with-existing-peace-infrastructure","titre":"11.8 Articulation with existing peace infrastructures","type":"section","texte":"11 8 articulation with existing peace infrastructures section sections de louvrage 11 8 articulation with existing peace infrastructures 11 8 false 1415"},{"id":"sect-11-9-three-families-of-peace-oriented-demonstrators","titre":"11.9 Three families of peace-oriented demonstrators","type":"section","texte":"11 9 three families of peace oriented demonstrators section sections de louvrage 11 9 three families of peace oriented demonstrators 11 9 false 1418"},{"id":"sect-11-9-1-monetary-shock-fiscal-space-and-social-tensio","titre":"11.9.1 Monetary shock, fiscal space and social tensions","type":"section","texte":"11 9 1 monetary shock fiscal space and social tensions section sections de louvrage 11 9 1 monetary shock fiscal space and social tensions 11 9 1 false 1420"},{"id":"sect-11-9-2-cross-border-resource-water-energy-or-polluti","titre":"11.9.2 Cross-border resource: water, energy or pollution","type":"section","texte":"11 9 2 cross border resource water energy or pollution section sections de louvrage 11 9 2 cross border resource water energy or pollution 11 9 2 false 1422"},{"id":"sect-11-9-3-digital-infrastructure-information-and-trust","titre":"11.9.3 Digital infrastructure, information and trust","type":"section","texte":"11 9 3 digital infrastructure information and trust section sections de louvrage 11 9 3 digital infrastructure information and trust 11 9 3 false 1424"},{"id":"sect-11-10-safeguards-against-the-conflict-generating-eff","titre":"11.10 Safeguards against the conflict-generating effects of the architecture","type":"section","texte":"11 10 safeguards against the conflict generating effects of the architecture section sections de louvrage 11 10 safeguards against the conflict generating effects of the architecture 11 10 false 1426"},{"id":"sect-11-11-evaluation-framework-how-to-know-whether-the-c","titre":"11.11 Evaluation framework: how to know whether the chain really contributes to peace","type":"section","texte":"11 11 evaluation framework how to know whether the chain really contributes to peace section sections de louvrage 11 11 evaluation framework how to know whether the chain really contributes to peace 11 11 false 1428"},{"id":"sect-11-12-proposed-pilot-peace-accountability-track","titre":"11.12 Proposed pilot: Peace Accountability Track","type":"section","texte":"11 12 proposed pilot peace accountability track section sections de louvrage 11 12 proposed pilot peace accountability track 11 12 false 1431"},{"id":"sect-11-13-antithesis-limits-and-criteria-for-rejection","titre":"11.13 Antithesis, limits and criteria for rejection","type":"section","texte":"11 13 antithesis limits and criteria for rejection section sections de louvrage 11 13 antithesis limits and criteria for rejection 11 13 false 1440"},{"id":"sect-11-14-decision-conclusion","titre":"11.14 Decision conclusion","type":"section","texte":"11 14 decision conclusion section sections de louvrage 11 14 decision conclusion 11 14 false 1451"},{"id":"sect-11-15-resilience-and-crisis-response-rapid-modes-wit","titre":"11.15 Resilience and crisis response: rapid modes within fixed mandates","type":"section","texte":"11 15 resilience and crisis response rapid modes within fixed mandates section sections de louvrage 11 15 resilience and crisis response rapid modes within fixed mandates 11 15 false 1454"},{"id":"sect-11-16-the-cost-of-the-crisis-to-come","titre":"11.16 The cost of the crisis to come","type":"section","texte":"11 16 the cost of the crisis to come section sections de louvrage 11 16 the cost of the crisis to come 11 16 false 1456"},{"id":"sect-11-16-1-cost-discipline","titre":"11.16.1 Cost discipline.","type":"section","texte":"11 16 1 cost discipline section sections de louvrage 11 16 1 cost discipline 11 16 1 false 1460"},{"id":"sect-11-17-rapid-modes-within-fixed-mandates","titre":"11.17 Rapid modes within fixed mandates","type":"section","texte":"11 17 rapid modes within fixed mandates section sections de louvrage 11 17 rapid modes within fixed mandates 11 17 false 1462"},{"id":"sect-12-the-political-economy-of-adoption","titre":"12 The political economy of adoption","type":"section","texte":"12 the political economy of adoption section sections de louvrage 12 the political economy of adoption 12 false 1471"},{"id":"sect-12-1-legal-feasibility-scale","titre":"12.1 Legal feasibility scale","type":"section","texte":"12 1 legal feasibility scale section sections de louvrage 12 1 legal feasibility scale 12 1 false 1477"},{"id":"sect-12-1-1-legal-mapping-competence-and-effectiveness","titre":"12.1.1 Legal mapping, competence and effectiveness","type":"section","texte":"12 1 1 legal mapping competence and effectiveness section sections de louvrage 12 1 1 legal mapping competence and effectiveness 12 1 1 false 1479"},{"id":"sect-12-2-political-economy-of-adoption","titre":"12.2 Political economy of adoption","type":"section","texte":"12 2 political economy of adoption section sections de louvrage 12 2 political economy of adoption 12 2 false 1484"},{"id":"sect-12-3-producing-and-disciplining-political-will","titre":"12.3 Producing and disciplining political will","type":"section","texte":"12 3 producing and disciplining political will section sections de louvrage 12 3 producing and disciplining political will 12 3 false 1492"},{"id":"sect-12-3-1-first-mover-theory-and-minimal-coalition","titre":"12.3.1 First-mover theory and minimal coalition","type":"section","texte":"12 3 1 first mover theory and minimal coalition section sections de louvrage 12 3 1 first mover theory and minimal coalition 12 3 1 false 1505"},{"id":"sect-12-3-2-veto-map-incentives-and-failure-criteria","titre":"12.3.2 Veto map, incentives and failure criteria","type":"section","texte":"12 3 2 veto map incentives and failure criteria section sections de louvrage 12 3 2 veto map incentives and failure criteria 12 3 2 false 1510"},{"id":"sect-12-4-legitimacy-representation-and-withdrawal","titre":"12.4 Legitimacy, representation and withdrawal","type":"section","texte":"12 4 legitimacy representation and withdrawal section sections de louvrage 12 4 legitimacy representation and withdrawal 12 4 false 1512"},{"id":"sect-12-4-1-dual-channel-of-representation","titre":"12.4.1 Dual channel of representation","type":"section","texte":"12 4 1 dual channel of representation section sections de louvrage 12 4 1 dual channel of representation 12 4 1 false 1517"},{"id":"sect-12-5-minimum-viable-pilot","titre":"12.5 Minimum viable pilot","type":"section","texte":"12 5 minimum viable pilot section sections de louvrage 12 5 minimum viable pilot 12 5 false 1521"},{"id":"sect-12-5-1-comparator-pre-registration-and-adversarial-t","titre":"12.5.1 Comparator, pre-registration and adversarial team","type":"section","texte":"12 5 1 comparator pre registration and adversarial team section sections de louvrage 12 5 1 comparator pre registration and adversarial team 12 5 1 false 1536"},{"id":"sect-12-6-transition-and-capacities-a-graded-and-framed-t","titre":"12.6 Transition and capacities: a graded and framed trajectory","type":"section","texte":"12 6 transition and capacities a graded and framed trajectory section sections de louvrage 12 6 transition and capacities a graded and framed trajectory 12 6 false 1541"},{"id":"sect-12-7-from-the-work-to-institutional-approval-the-uni","titre":"12.7 From the work to institutional approval: the United Nations sequence","type":"section","texte":"12 7 from the work to institutional approval the united nations sequence section sections de louvrage 12 7 from the work to institutional approval the united nations sequence 12 7 false 1543"},{"id":"sect-12-7-1-approval-is-not-a-single-act","titre":"12.7.1 Approval is not a single act","type":"section","texte":"12 7 1 approval is not a single act section sections de louvrage 12 7 1 approval is not a single act 12 7 1 false 1546"},{"id":"sect-12-7-2-building-on-the-commissions-of-2009-and-2025-","titre":"12.7.2 Building on the commissions of 2009 and 2025 without redoing them","type":"section","texte":"12 7 2 building on the commissions of 2009 and 2025 without redoing them section sections de louvrage 12 7 2 building on the commissions of 2009 and 2025 without redoing them 12 7 2 false 1551"},{"id":"sect-12-7-3-a-chain-of-forums-rather-than-a-single-forum","titre":"12.7.3 A chain of forums rather than a single forum","type":"section","texte":"12 7 3 a chain of forums rather than a single forum section sections de louvrage 12 7 3 a chain of forums rather than a single forum 12 7 3 false 1554"},{"id":"sect-12-7-4-the-content-of-the-first-resolution","titre":"12.7.4 The content of the first resolution","type":"section","texte":"12 7 4 the content of the first resolution section sections de louvrage 12 7 4 the content of the first resolution 12 7 4 false 1557"},{"id":"sect-12-7-5-a-six-phase-trajectory","titre":"12.7.5 A six-phase trajectory","type":"section","texte":"12 7 5 a six phase trajectory section sections de louvrage 12 7 5 a six phase trajectory 12 7 5 false 1561"},{"id":"sect-12-7-6-coalition-intellectual-property-and-political","titre":"12.7.6 Coalition, intellectual property and political ownership","type":"section","texte":"12 7 6 coalition intellectual property and political ownership section sections de louvrage 12 7 6 coalition intellectual property and political ownership 12 7 6 false 1567"},{"id":"sect-12-7-7-antithesis-can-approval-neutralise-the-propos","titre":"12.7.7 Antithesis: can approval neutralise the proposal?","type":"section","texte":"12 7 7 antithesis can approval neutralise the proposal section sections de louvrage 12 7 7 antithesis can approval neutralise the proposal 12 7 7 false 1569"},{"id":"sect-12-7-8-criteria-of-passage-suspension-and-rejection","titre":"12.7.8 Criteria of passage, suspension and rejection","type":"section","texte":"12 7 8 criteria of passage suspension and rejection section sections de louvrage 12 7 8 criteria of passage suspension and rejection 12 7 8 false 1571"},{"id":"sect-12-7-9-decision-conclusion","titre":"12.7.9 Decision conclusion","type":"section","texte":"12 7 9 decision conclusion section sections de louvrage 12 7 9 decision conclusion 12 7 9 false 1573"},{"id":"sect-13-stress-tests-objections-and-the-cost-of-the-archi","titre":"13 Stress tests, objections and the cost of the architecture","type":"section","texte":"13 stress tests objections and the cost of the architecture section sections de louvrage 13 stress tests objections and the cost of the architecture 13 false 1575"},{"id":"sect-13-1-design-tensions-and-resolutions","titre":"13.1 Design tensions and resolutions","type":"section","texte":"13 1 design tensions and resolutions section sections de louvrage 13 1 design tensions and resolutions 13 1 false 1577"},{"id":"sect-13-1-1-can-fragmentation-protect","titre":"13.1.1 Can fragmentation protect?","type":"section","texte":"13 1 1 can fragmentation protect section sections de louvrage 13 1 1 can fragmentation protect 13 1 1 false 1578"},{"id":"sect-13-2-objections-and-responses","titre":"13.2 Objections and responses","type":"section","texte":"13 2 objections and responses section sections de louvrage 13 2 objections and responses 13 2 false 1593"},{"id":"sect-13-3-the-cost-of-inaction","titre":"13.3 The cost of inaction","type":"section","texte":"13 3 the cost of inaction section sections de louvrage 13 3 the cost of inaction 13 3 false 1625"},{"id":"sect-14-limits-refutability-and-research-programme","titre":"14 Limits, refutability and research programme","type":"section","texte":"14 limits refutability and research programme section sections de louvrage 14 limits refutability and research programme 14 false 1635"},{"id":"sect-14-1-the-sixteen-limits-and-their-research-fronts","titre":"14.1 The sixteen limits and their research fronts","type":"section","texte":"14 1 the sixteen limits and their research fronts section sections de louvrage 14 1 the sixteen limits and their research fronts 14 1 false 1637"},{"id":"sect-14-1-1-minimal-external-validation-package","titre":"14.1.1 Minimal external validation package","type":"section","texte":"14 1 1 minimal external validation package section sections de louvrage 14 1 1 minimal external validation package 14 1 1 false 1666"},{"id":"sect-14-2-headwinds-accepted","titre":"14.2 Headwinds accepted","type":"section","texte":"14 2 headwinds accepted section sections de louvrage 14 2 headwinds accepted 14 2 false 1672"},{"id":"sect-15-from-corrective-accountability-to-anticipatory-ac","titre":"15 From corrective accountability to anticipatory accountability: the prevention loop","type":"section","texte":"15 from corrective accountability to anticipatory accountability the prevention loop section sections de louvrage 15 from corrective accountability to anticipatory accountability the prevention loop 15 false 1674"},{"id":"sect-15-1-two-temporalities-one-and-the-same-accountabili","titre":"15.1 Two temporalities, one and the same accountability","type":"section","texte":"15 1 two temporalities one and the same accountability section sections de louvrage 15 1 two temporalities one and the same accountability 15 1 false 1678"},{"id":"sect-15-2-preventive-accountability","titre":"15.2 Preventive accountability","type":"section","texte":"15 2 preventive accountability section sections de louvrage 15 2 preventive accountability 15 2 false 1682"},{"id":"sect-15-3-the-seven-operations-of-the-preventive-loop","titre":"15.3 The seven operations of the preventive loop","type":"section","texte":"15 3 the seven operations of the preventive loop section sections de louvrage 15 3 the seven operations of the preventive loop 15 3 false 1686"},{"id":"sect-15-4-articulation-with-the-principal-chain","titre":"15.4 Articulation with the principal chain","type":"section","texte":"15 4 articulation with the principal chain section sections de louvrage 15 4 articulation with the principal chain 15 4 false 1694"},{"id":"sect-15-5-preventing-without-governing-by-forecast","titre":"15.5 Preventing without governing by forecast","type":"section","texte":"15 5 preventing without governing by forecast section sections de louvrage 15 5 preventing without governing by forecast 15 5 false 1700"},{"id":"sect-15-6-illustration-the-monetary-cascade-alert","titre":"15.6 Illustration: the monetary cascade alert","type":"section","texte":"15 6 illustration the monetary cascade alert section sections de louvrage 15 6 illustration the monetary cascade alert 15 6 false 1702"},{"id":"sect-15-7-objection-limit-and-refutability","titre":"15.7 Objection, limit and refutability","type":"section","texte":"15 7 objection limit and refutability section sections de louvrage 15 7 objection limit and refutability 15 7 false 1706"},{"id":"sect-15-8-foundations-and-specific-contribution","titre":"15.8 Foundations and specific contribution","type":"section","texte":"15 8 foundations and specific contribution section sections de louvrage 15 8 foundations and specific contribution 15 8 false 1712"},{"id":"sect-conclusion-from-moral-aspiration-to-structural-respo","titre":"Conclusion — From moral aspiration to structural responsibility","type":"section","texte":"conclusion from moral aspiration to structural responsibility section sections de louvrage conclusion from moral aspiration to structural responsibility true 1718"},{"id":"sect-1-from-the-displaced-effect-to-institutional-respons","titre":"1 From the displaced effect to institutional responsibility","type":"section","texte":"1 from the displaced effect to institutional responsibility section sections de louvrage 1 from the displaced effect to institutional responsibility 1 false 1719"},{"id":"sect-2-the-theoretical-contribution-that-must-outlive-the","titre":"2 The theoretical contribution that must outlive the organisation chart","type":"section","texte":"2 the theoretical contribution that must outlive the organisation chart section sections de louvrage 2 the theoretical contribution that must outlive the organisation chart 2 false 1722"},{"id":"sect-3-the-safeguards-negative-mandates-routing-and-stopp","titre":"3 The safeguards: negative mandates, routing and stopping","type":"section","texte":"3 the safeguards negative mandates routing and stopping section sections de louvrage 3 the safeguards negative mandates routing and stopping 3 false 1725"},{"id":"sect-4-the-monetary-programme-a-research-infrastructure-n","titre":"4 The monetary programme: a research infrastructure, not yet a verdict","type":"section","texte":"4 the monetary programme a research infrastructure not yet a verdict section sections de louvrage 4 the monetary programme a research infrastructure not yet a verdict 4 false 1728"},{"id":"sect-5-prevention-shifting-accountability-upstream-withou","titre":"5 Prevention: shifting accountability upstream without governing by forecast","type":"section","texte":"5 prevention shifting accountability upstream without governing by forecast section sections de louvrage 5 prevention shifting accountability upstream without governing by forecast 5 false 1731"},{"id":"sect-6-artificial-intelligence-and-resilience-using-and-c","titre":"6 Artificial intelligence and resilience: using and constraining","type":"section","texte":"6 artificial intelligence and resilience using and constraining section sections de louvrage 6 artificial intelligence and resilience using and constraining 6 false 1734"},{"id":"sect-7-development-and-peace-distinct-applications-distin","titre":"7 Development and peace: distinct applications, distinct statuses","type":"section","texte":"7 development and peace distinct applications distinct statuses section sections de louvrage 7 development and peace distinct applications distinct statuses 7 false 1737"},{"id":"sect-8-law-consent-and-the-limits-of-power","titre":"8 Law, consent and the limits of power","type":"section","texte":"8 law consent and the limits of power section sections de louvrage 8 law consent and the limits of power 8 false 1740"},{"id":"sect-9-adoption-beginning-with-standalone-value-not-with-","titre":"9 Adoption: beginning with standalone value, not with the complete regime","type":"section","texte":"9 adoption beginning with standalone value not with the complete regime section sections de louvrage 9 adoption beginning with standalone value not with the complete regime 9 false 1743"},{"id":"sect-10-what-is-established-specified-proposed-and-open","titre":"10 What is established, specified, proposed and open","type":"section","texte":"10 what is established specified proposed and open section sections de louvrage 10 what is established specified proposed and open 10 false 1746"},{"id":"sect-11-the-collective-validation-programme","titre":"11 The collective validation programme","type":"section","texte":"11 the collective validation programme section sections de louvrage 11 the collective validation programme 11 false 1750"},{"id":"sect-12-from-moral-aspiration-to-a-verifiable-institution","titre":"12 From moral aspiration to a verifiable institutional obligation","type":"section","texte":"12 from moral aspiration to a verifiable institutional obligation section sections de louvrage 12 from moral aspiration to a verifiable institutional obligation 12 false 1753"},{"id":"sect-references","titre":"References","type":"section","texte":"references section sections de louvrage references true 1759"},{"id":"sect-works-consulted-for-context-not-cited-in-the-body","titre":"Works consulted for context (not cited in the body)","type":"section","texte":"works consulted for context not cited in the body section sections de louvrage works consulted for context not cited in the body true 1998"},{"id":"sect-a-register-of-evidence-and-publication-status","titre":"A Register of evidence and publication status","type":"section","texte":"a register of evidence and publication status section sections de louvrage a register of evidence and publication status a false 2012"},{"id":"sect-b-minimum-evaluation-framework-for-pilot-projects","titre":"B Minimum evaluation framework for pilot projects","type":"section","texte":"b minimum evaluation framework for pilot projects section sections de louvrage b minimum evaluation framework for pilot projects b false 2014"},{"id":"sect-c-complementary-references","titre":"C Complementary references","type":"section","texte":"c complementary references section sections de louvrage c complementary references c false 2018"},{"id":"sect-complementary-references-development-and-peace-chapt","titre":"Complementary references — development and peace (chapters 10 and 11)","type":"section","texte":"complementary references development and peace chapters 10 and 11 section sections de louvrage complementary references development and peace chapters 10 and 11 true 2046"},{"id":"sect-d-recent-items-of-evidence-in-support-of-the-archite","titre":"D Recent items of evidence in support of the architecture","type":"section","texte":"d recent items of evidence in support of the architecture section sections de louvrage d recent items of evidence in support of the architecture d false 2063"},{"id":"sect-e-qualitative-comparison-of-the-candidate-architectu","titre":"E Qualitative comparison of the candidate architectures","type":"section","texte":"e qualitative comparison of the candidate architectures section sections de louvrage e qualitative comparison of the candidate architectures e false 2076"},{"id":"sect-f-formal-accounting-decomposition-and-bounded-partia","titre":"F Formal accounting decomposition and bounded partial attribution framework","type":"section","texte":"f formal accounting decomposition and bounded partial attribution framework section sections de louvrage f formal accounting decomposition and bounded partial attribution framework f false 2082"},{"id":"sect-f-1-units-of-analysis-sets-and-indices","titre":"F.1 Units of analysis, sets and indices","type":"section","texte":"f 1 units of analysis sets and indices section sections de louvrage f 1 units of analysis sets and indices true 2086"},{"id":"sect-f-2-the-counterfactual-as-a-coherent-vector-of-paths","titre":"F.2 The counterfactual as a coherent vector of paths","type":"section","texte":"f 2 the counterfactual as a coherent vector of paths section sections de louvrage f 2 the counterfactual as a coherent vector of paths true 2093"},{"id":"sect-f-3-mechanism-specific-incidence-and-exposure-timing","titre":"F.3 Mechanism-specific incidence and exposure timing","type":"section","texte":"f 3 mechanism specific incidence and exposure timing section sections de louvrage f 3 mechanism specific incidence and exposure timing true 2098"},{"id":"sect-f-4-attribution-coefficients-and-structural-restrict","titre":"F.4 Attribution coefficients and structural restrictions","type":"section","texte":"f 4 attribution coefficients and structural restrictions section sections de louvrage f 4 attribution coefficients and structural restrictions true 2105"},{"id":"sect-f-5-symmetry-of-proof-joint-feasibility-and-pre-regi","titre":"F.5 Symmetry of proof, joint feasibility and pre-registration of Φ","type":"section","texte":"f 5 symmetry of proof joint feasibility and pre registration of section sections de louvrage f 5 symmetry of proof joint feasibility and pre registration of true 2116"},{"id":"sect-f-6-primitive-components-and-elimination-of-double-c","titre":"F.6 Primitive components and elimination of double counting","type":"section","texte":"f 6 primitive components and elimination of double counting section sections de louvrage f 6 primitive components and elimination of double counting true 2120"},{"id":"sect-f-7-offsets-beneficiaries-and-distributive-non-equiv","titre":"F.7 Offsets, beneficiaries and distributive non-equivalence","type":"section","texte":"f 7 offsets beneficiaries and distributive non equivalence section sections de louvrage f 7 offsets beneficiaries and distributive non equivalence true 2127"},{"id":"sect-f-8-common-currency-price-base-and-time","titre":"F.8 Common currency, price base and time","type":"section","texte":"f 8 common currency price base and time section sections de louvrage f 8 common currency price base and time true 2133"},{"id":"sect-f-9-adverse-incidence-offsets-and-net-balance-by-age","titre":"F.9 Adverse incidence, offsets and net balance by agent","type":"section","texte":"f 9 adverse incidence offsets and net balance by agent section sections de louvrage f 9 adverse incidence offsets and net balance by agent true 2138"},{"id":"sect-f-10-bounds-by-constrained-optimisation-not-by-indep","titre":"F.10 Bounds by constrained 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13 decision publication and stopping rules true 2160"},{"id":"sect-f-14-minimum-reproducibility-package","titre":"F.14 Minimum reproducibility package","type":"section","texte":"f 14 minimum reproducibility package section sections de louvrage f 14 minimum reproducibility package true 2171"},{"id":"sect-f-15-graduated-compliance-the-minimal-configuration","titre":"F.15 Graduated compliance: the minimal configuration","type":"section","texte":"f 15 graduated compliance the minimal configuration section sections de louvrage f 15 graduated compliance the minimal configuration true 2175"},{"id":"sect-f-16-transitional-provision-status-of-the-section-9-","titre":"F.16 Transitional provision: status of the Section 9 magnitudes","type":"section","texte":"f 16 transitional provision status of the section 9 magnitudes section sections de louvrage f 16 transitional provision status of the section 9 magnitudes true 2180"},{"id":"sect-f-17-worked-example-mechanism-a2-sovereign-agent","titre":"F.17 Worked example: mechanism A2, sovereign agent","type":"section","texte":"f 17 worked example mechanism a2 sovereign agent section sections de louvrage f 17 worked example mechanism a2 sovereign agent true 2182"},{"id":"sect-f-18-epistemic-status-and-bridge-to-annex-g","titre":"F.18 Epistemic status and bridge to Annex G","type":"section","texte":"f 18 epistemic status and bridge to annex g section sections de louvrage f 18 epistemic status and bridge to annex g true 2189"},{"id":"sect-g-protocol-and-empirical-diagnostic","titre":"G Protocol and empirical diagnostic","type":"section","texte":"g protocol and empirical diagnostic section sections de louvrage g protocol and empirical diagnostic g false 2193"},{"id":"sect-h-legal-grid-of-the-acts-of-the-chain","titre":"H Legal grid of the acts of the chain","type":"section","texte":"h legal grid of the acts of the chain section sections de louvrage h legal grid of the acts of the chain h false 2201"},{"id":"sect-i-the-tunisian-case-file-evidentiary-status-classifi","titre":"I The Tunisian case file: evidentiary status, classification under Annex F and Configuration M trajectory","type":"section","texte":"i the tunisian case file evidentiary status classification under annex f and configuration m trajectory section sections de louvrage i the tunisian case file evidentiary status classification under annex f and configuration m trajectory i false 2219"},{"id":"sect-i-1-why-tunisia-and-the-authors-position","titre":"I.1 Why Tunisia, and the author’s position","type":"section","texte":"i 1 why tunisia and the authors position section sections de louvrage i 1 why tunisia and the authors position true 2222"},{"id":"sect-i-2-the-evidentiary-register","titre":"I.2 The evidentiary register","type":"section","texte":"i 2 the evidentiary register section sections de louvrage i 2 the evidentiary register true 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2254"},{"id":"sect-j-international-extension-protocol-comparative-panel","titre":"J International extension protocol (comparative panel and the 44 LDCs)","type":"section","texte":"j international extension protocol comparative panel and the 44 ldcs section sections de louvrage j international extension protocol comparative panel and the 44 ldcs j false 2258"},{"id":"sect-executive-summary-annex-j","titre":"Executive summary — Annex J","type":"section","texte":"executive summary annex j section sections de louvrage executive summary annex j true 2265"},{"id":"sect-structure-of-the-protocol","titre":"Structure of the protocol","type":"section","texte":"structure of the protocol section sections de louvrage structure of the protocol true 2277"},{"id":"sect-j-1-purpose-scope-and-levels-of-evidence","titre":"J.1 Purpose, scope and levels of evidence","type":"section","texte":"j 1 purpose scope and levels of evidence section sections de louvrage j 1 purpose scope and levels of evidence true 2295"},{"id":"sect-j-1-1-scale-of-permitted-results","titre":"J.1.1 Scale of permitted results","type":"section","texte":"j 1 1 scale of permitted results section sections de louvrage j 1 1 scale of permitted results true 2302"},{"id":"sect-j-1-2-comparative-research-question","titre":"J.1.2 Comparative research question","type":"section","texte":"j 1 2 comparative research question section sections de louvrage j 1 2 comparative research question true 2304"},{"id":"sect-j-2-research-architecture-calibration-stress-tests-a","titre":"J.2 Research architecture: calibration, stress tests and LDC census","type":"section","texte":"j 2 research architecture calibration stress tests and ldc census section sections de louvrage j 2 research architecture calibration stress tests and ldc census true 2313"},{"id":"sect-j-2-1-ring-1-calibration-and-control-panel","titre":"J.2.1 Ring 1 — calibration and control panel","type":"section","texte":"j 2 1 ring 1 calibration and control panel section 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2356"},{"id":"sect-j-5-2-the-seven-components","titre":"J.5.2 The seven components","type":"section","texte":"j 5 2 the seven components section sections de louvrage j 5 2 the seven components true 2360"},{"id":"sect-j-5-3-signature-matrix-the-identification-gain","titre":"J.5.3 Signature matrix: the identification gain","type":"section","texte":"j 5 3 signature matrix the identification gain section sections de louvrage j 5 3 signature matrix the identification gain true 2363"},{"id":"sect-j-5-4-rank-conditions-and-fallback-scale","titre":"J.5.4 Rank conditions and fallback scale","type":"section","texte":"j 5 4 rank conditions and fallback scale section sections de louvrage j 5 4 rank conditions and fallback scale true 2366"},{"id":"sect-j-5-5-information-effect-and-factor-rotation","titre":"J.5.5 Information effect and factor rotation","type":"section","texte":"j 5 5 information effect and factor rotation section sections de louvrage j 5 5 information effect and factor rotation true 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2393"},{"id":"sect-j-6-2-fixed-exposure-and-dynamic-exposure","titre":"J.6.2 Fixed exposure and dynamic exposure","type":"section","texte":"j 6 2 fixed exposure and dynamic exposure section sections de louvrage j 6 2 fixed exposure and dynamic exposure true 2399"},{"id":"sect-j-7-measurement-by-mechanism-and-elimination-of-doub","titre":"J.7 Measurement by mechanism and elimination of double counting","type":"section","texte":"j 7 measurement by mechanism and elimination of double counting section sections de louvrage j 7 measurement by mechanism and elimination of double counting true 2401"},{"id":"sect-j-7-1-specific-functions","titre":"J.7.1 Specific functions","type":"section","texte":"j 7 1 specific functions section sections de louvrage j 7 1 specific functions true 2402"},{"id":"sect-j-7-2-register-of-primitive-components","titre":"J.7.2 Register of primitive components","type":"section","texte":"j 7 2 register of primitive components section sections de louvrage j 7 2 register 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Mandatory tests","type":"section","texte":"j 8 4 mandatory tests section sections de louvrage j 8 4 mandatory tests true 2417"},{"id":"sect-j-9-distribution-across-agents-offsets-and-consolida","titre":"J.9 Distribution across agents, offsets and consolidation","type":"section","texte":"j 9 distribution across agents offsets and consolidation section sections de louvrage j 9 distribution across agents offsets and consolidation true 2426"},{"id":"sect-j-9-1-partition-of-agents","titre":"J.9.1 Partition of agents","type":"section","texte":"j 9 1 partition of agents section sections de louvrage j 9 1 partition of agents true 2427"},{"id":"sect-j-9-2-corrected-transfer-matrix","titre":"J.9.2 Corrected transfer matrix","type":"section","texte":"j 9 2 corrected transfer matrix section sections de louvrage j 9 2 corrected transfer matrix true 2429"},{"id":"sect-j-9-3-common-unit-and-time","titre":"J.9.3 Common unit and time","type":"section","texte":"j 9 3 common unit and time section 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rules true 2450"},{"id":"sect-j-11-feasibility-for-the-44-ldcs-and-deployment-in-w","titre":"J.11 Feasibility for the 44 LDCs and deployment in waves","type":"section","texte":"j 11 feasibility for the 44 ldcs and deployment in waves section sections de louvrage j 11 feasibility for the 44 ldcs and deployment in waves true 2452"},{"id":"sect-j-11-1-feasibility-verdict","titre":"J.11.1 Feasibility verdict","type":"section","texte":"j 11 1 feasibility verdict section sections de louvrage j 11 1 feasibility verdict true 2453"},{"id":"sect-j-11-2-proposed-waves","titre":"J.11.2 Proposed waves","type":"section","texte":"j 11 2 proposed waves section sections de louvrage j 11 2 proposed waves true 2456"},{"id":"sect-j-11-3-special-cases","titre":"J.11.3 Special cases","type":"section","texte":"j 11 3 special cases section sections de louvrage j 11 3 special cases true 2459"},{"id":"sect-j-12-governance-replication-and-publication","titre":"J.12 Governance, replication and 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j 13 project organisation schedule and deliverables true 2483"},{"id":"sect-j-13-1-minimum-team","titre":"J.13.1 Minimum team","type":"section","texte":"j 13 1 minimum team section sections de louvrage j 13 1 minimum team true 2484"},{"id":"sect-j-13-2-indicative-schedule","titre":"J.13.2 Indicative schedule","type":"section","texte":"j 13 2 indicative schedule section sections de louvrage j 13 2 indicative schedule true 2487"},{"id":"sect-j-13-3-deliverables","titre":"J.13.3 Deliverables","type":"section","texte":"j 13 3 deliverables section sections de louvrage j 13 3 deliverables true 2490"},{"id":"sect-j-14-limits-antithesis-and-rejection-criteria","titre":"J.14 Limits, antithesis and rejection criteria","type":"section","texte":"j 14 limits antithesis and rejection criteria section sections de louvrage j 14 limits antithesis and rejection criteria true 2498"},{"id":"sect-j-14-1-main-antithesis","titre":"J.14.1 Main antithesis","type":"section","texte":"j 14 1 main antithesis section sections de louvrage j 14 1 main antithesis true 2499"},{"id":"sect-j-14-2-possible-biases","titre":"J.14.2 Possible biases","type":"section","texte":"j 14 2 possible biases section sections de louvrage j 14 2 possible biases true 2501"},{"id":"sect-j-14-3-criteria-for-rejection-or-downgrading","titre":"J.14.3 Criteria for rejection or downgrading","type":"section","texte":"j 14 3 criteria for rejection or downgrading section sections de louvrage j 14 3 criteria for rejection or downgrading true 2509"},{"id":"sect-j-a-minimum-data-dictionary","titre":"J.A Minimum data dictionary","type":"section","texte":"j a minimum data dictionary section sections de louvrage j a minimum data dictionary j a false 2515"},{"id":"sect-j-a-1-minimum-automatic-checks","titre":"J.A.1 Minimum automatic checks","type":"section","texte":"j a 1 minimum automatic checks section sections de louvrage j a 1 minimum automatic checks j a 1 false 2517"},{"id":"sect-j-b-preliminary-feasibility-matrix-for-the-44-ldcs","titre":"J.B Preliminary feasibility matrix for the 44 LDCs","type":"section","texte":"j b preliminary feasibility matrix for the 44 ldcs section sections de louvrage j b preliminary feasibility matrix for the 44 ldcs j b false 2529"},{"id":"sect-j-c-country-passport-template","titre":"J.C Country passport template","type":"section","texte":"j c country passport template section sections de louvrage j c country passport template j c false 2536"},{"id":"sect-verified-sources-and-reference-documents","titre":"Verified sources and reference documents","type":"section","texte":"verified sources and reference documents section sections de louvrage verified sources and reference documents true 2538"},{"id":"sect-k-the-subordinate-protocols","titre":"K The subordinate protocols","type":"section","texte":"k the subordinate protocols section sections de louvrage k the subordinate protocols k false 2548"},{"id":"sect-l-prevention-and-alert-protocol","titre":"L Prevention and alert protocol","type":"section","texte":"l prevention and alert protocol section sections de louvrage l prevention and alert protocol l false 2560"},{"id":"sect-l-1-alert-levels","titre":"L.1 Alert levels","type":"section","texte":"l 1 alert levels section sections de louvrage l 1 alert levels true 2565"},{"id":"sect-l-2-allocation-of-responsibilities","titre":"L.2 Allocation of responsibilities","type":"section","texte":"l 2 allocation of responsibilities section sections de louvrage l 2 allocation of responsibilities true 2568"},{"id":"sect-l-3-monetary-alert-protocol-monetary-cascade-early-w","titre":"L.3 Monetary alert protocol (Monetary Cascade Early-Warning)","type":"section","texte":"l 3 monetary alert protocol monetary cascade early warning section sections de louvrage l 3 monetary alert protocol monetary cascade early warning true 2571"},{"id":"sect-l-4-pilot-in-shadow-mode","titre":"L.4 Pilot in shadow mode","type":"section","texte":"l 4 pilot in shadow mode section sections de louvrage l 4 pilot in shadow mode true 2583"},{"id":"sect-m-empirical-protocol-for-the-distributive-tracing-of","titre":"M Empirical protocol for the distributive tracing of global monetary easings","type":"section","texte":"m empirical protocol for the distributive tracing of global monetary easings section sections de louvrage m empirical protocol for the distributive tracing of global monetary easings m false 2590"},{"id":"sect-m-0-state-of-the-international-literature","titre":"M.0 State of the international literature","type":"section","texte":"m 0 state of the international literature section sections de louvrage m 0 state of the international literature true 2592"},{"id":"sect-m-0-1-three-positions-and-a-disagreement-over-the-si","titre":"M.0.1 Three positions, and a disagreement over the sign","type":"section","texte":"m 0 1 three positions and a disagreement over the sign section sections de 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what 100 units injected means section sections de louvrage m 1 what 100 units injected means true 2607"},{"id":"sect-m-2-non-additive-registers-and-measurement-by-rank","titre":"M.2 Non-additive registers and measurement by rank","type":"section","texte":"m 2 non additive registers and measurement by rank section sections de louvrage m 2 non additive registers and measurement by rank true 2610"},{"id":"sect-m-3-identification","titre":"M.3 Identification","type":"section","texte":"m 3 identification section sections de louvrage m 3 identification true 2614"},{"id":"sect-m-4-the-full-cycle-and-asymmetry","titre":"M.4 The full cycle and asymmetry","type":"section","texte":"m 4 the full cycle and asymmetry section sections de louvrage m 4 the full cycle and asymmetry true 2617"},{"id":"sect-m-5-stopping-rules","titre":"M.5 Stopping rules","type":"section","texte":"m 5 stopping rules section sections de louvrage m 5 stopping rules true 2620"},{"id":"sect-m-6-antithesis-and-rejection-criteria","titre":"M.6 Antithesis and rejection criteria","type":"section","texte":"m 6 antithesis and rejection criteria section sections de louvrage m 6 antithesis and rejection criteria true 2621"},{"id":"sect-m-7-graduated-compliance","titre":"M.7 Graduated compliance","type":"section","texte":"m 7 graduated compliance section sections de louvrage m 7 graduated compliance true 2624"},{"id":"sect-m-8-what-this-annex-brings-to-the-present-work","titre":"M.8 What this annex brings to the present work","type":"section","texte":"m 8 what this annex brings to the present work section sections de louvrage m 8 what this annex brings to the present work true 2625"},{"id":"sect-n-carthage-charter","titre":"N Carthage Charter","type":"section","texte":"n carthage charter section sections de louvrage n carthage charter n false 2628"},{"id":"sect-note-on-the-status-and-use-of-the-text","titre":"Note on the status and use of the 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rights guarantees and participation true 2679"},{"id":"sect-title-iii-discipline-of-evidence-prevention-and-cons","titre":"Title III — Discipline of evidence, prevention and consequence","type":"section","texte":"title iii discipline of evidence prevention and consequence section sections de louvrage title iii discipline of evidence prevention and consequence true 2705"},{"id":"sect-title-iv-powers-institutions-and-artificial-intellig","titre":"Title IV — Powers, institutions and artificial intelligence","type":"section","texte":"title iv powers institutions and artificial intelligence section sections de louvrage title iv powers institutions and artificial intelligence true 2727"},{"id":"sect-title-v-international-legal-order-consent-and-evolut","titre":"Title V — International legal order, consent and evolution","type":"section","texte":"title v international legal order consent and evolution section sections de louvrage title v international legal order consent and evolution true 2745"},{"id":"sect-design-and-interpretation-note","titre":"Design and interpretation note","type":"section","texte":"design and interpretation note section sections de louvrage design and interpretation note true 2761"},{"id":"sect-1-what-the-charter-does","titre":"1 What the Charter does","type":"section","texte":"1 what the charter does section sections de louvrage 1 what the charter does 1 false 2763"},{"id":"sect-2-what-the-charter-does-not-do","titre":"2 What the Charter does not do","type":"section","texte":"2 what the charter does not do section sections de louvrage 2 what the charter does not do 2 false 2769"},{"id":"sect-3-relationship-between-the-three-instruments","titre":"3 Relationship between the three instruments","type":"section","texte":"3 relationship between the three instruments section sections de louvrage 3 relationship between the three instruments 3 false 2775"},{"id":"sect-4-correspondence-with-the-fifteen-earlier-commitment","titre":"4 Correspondence with the 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2795"},{"id":"sect-three-coordinated-forms-of-the-gaf","titre":"Three coordinated forms of the GAF","type":"section","texte":"three coordinated forms of the gaf section sections de louvrage three coordinated forms of the gaf true 2798"},{"id":"sect-operational-summary","titre":"Operational summary","type":"section","texte":"operational summary section sections de louvrage operational summary true 2801"},{"id":"sect-architecture-of-the-present-instrument","titre":"Architecture of the present instrument","type":"section","texte":"architecture of the present instrument section sections de louvrage architecture of the present instrument true 2808"},{"id":"sect-preamble-2","titre":"Preamble","type":"section","texte":"preamble section sections de louvrage preamble true 2811"},{"id":"sect-part-i-general-provisions","titre":"Part I — General provisions","type":"section","texte":"part i general provisions section sections de louvrage part i general provisions true 2819"},{"id":"sect-part-ii-governance-of-functions-and-interfaces","titre":"Part II — Governance of functions and interfaces","type":"section","texte":"part ii governance of functions and interfaces section sections de louvrage part ii governance of functions and interfaces true 2858"},{"id":"sect-part-iii-procedure-of-the-global-accountability-chai","titre":"Part III — Procedure of the Global Accountability Chain","type":"section","texte":"part iii procedure of the global accountability chain section sections de louvrage part iii procedure of the global accountability chain true 2894"},{"id":"sect-part-iv-preventive-accountability-loop","titre":"Part IV — Preventive Accountability Loop","type":"section","texte":"part iv preventive accountability loop section sections de louvrage part iv preventive accountability loop true 2943"},{"id":"sect-part-v-data-artificial-intelligence-and-security","titre":"Part V — Data, artificial intelligence and security","type":"section","texte":"part v data artificial intelligence and security section sections de louvrage part v data artificial intelligence and security true 2970"},{"id":"sect-part-vi-funding-independence-and-cooperation","titre":"Part VI — Funding, independence and cooperation","type":"section","texte":"part vi funding independence and cooperation section sections de louvrage part vi funding independence and cooperation true 2991"},{"id":"sect-part-vii-crisis-pilots-capacities-and-evaluation","titre":"Part VII — Crisis, pilots, capacities and evaluation","type":"section","texte":"part vii crisis pilots capacities and evaluation section sections de louvrage part vii crisis pilots capacities and evaluation true 3012"},{"id":"sect-part-viii-correction-conflicts-and-final-provisions","titre":"Part VIII — Correction, conflicts and final provisions","type":"section","texte":"part viii correction conflicts and final provisions section sections de louvrage part viii correction conflicts and final provisions true 3043"},{"id":"sect-operational-annexes","titre":"Operational annexes","type":"section","texte":"operational annexes section sections de louvrage operational annexes true 3086"},{"id":"sect-o-a-minimal-case-file-passport","titre":"O A — Minimal case-file passport","type":"section","texte":"o a minimal case file passport section sections de louvrage o a minimal case file passport o false 3087"},{"id":"sect-o-b-minimal-interface-contract","titre":"O B — Minimal interface contract","type":"section","texte":"o b minimal interface contract section sections de louvrage o b minimal interface contract o false 3089"},{"id":"sect-o-c-epistemic-statuses-and-authorised-consequences","titre":"O C — Epistemic statuses and authorised consequences","type":"section","texte":"o c epistemic statuses and authorised consequences section sections de louvrage o c epistemic statuses and authorised consequences o false 3091"},{"id":"sect-o-d-alert-levels-of-the-preventive-accountability-lo","titre":"O D — Alert 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the status of the call section sections de louvrage note on the status of the call true 3135"},{"id":"sect-the-three-instruments-of-the-humanity-compact","titre":"The three instruments of the Humanity Compact","type":"section","texte":"the three instruments of the humanity compact section sections de louvrage the three instruments of the humanity compact true 3139"},{"id":"sect-call-of-carthage","titre":"Call of Carthage","type":"section","texte":"call of carthage section sections de louvrage call of carthage true 3142"},{"id":"sect-the-twelve-commitments-of-the-call","titre":"The twelve commitments of the Call","type":"section","texte":"the twelve commitments of the call section sections de louvrage the twelve commitments of the call true 3157"},{"id":"sect-what-the-signature-means","titre":"What the signature means","type":"section","texte":"what the signature means section sections de louvrage what the signature means true 3170"},{"id":"sect-the-four-channels-of-participation","titre":"The four channels of participation","type":"section","texte":"the four channels of participation section sections de louvrage the four channels of participation true 3172"},{"id":"sect-who-may-accede-and-in-what-form","titre":"Who may accede, and in what form?","type":"section","texte":"who may accede and in what form section sections de louvrage who may accede and in what form true 3176"},{"id":"sect-categories-of-accession","titre":"Categories of accession","type":"section","texte":"categories of accession section sections de louvrage categories of accession true 3177"},{"id":"sect-levels-of-commitment","titre":"Levels of commitment","type":"section","texte":"levels of commitment section sections de louvrage levels of commitment true 3179"},{"id":"sect-institutional-accession-form","titre":"Institutional accession form","type":"section","texte":"institutional accession form section sections de louvrage institutional accession form true 3181"},{"id":"sect-individual-accession-form","titre":"Individual accession form","type":"section","texte":"individual accession form section sections de louvrage individual accession form true 3183"},{"id":"sect-governance-of-the-call-and-integrity-of-the-register","titre":"Governance of the Call and integrity of the register","type":"section","texte":"governance of the call and integrity of the register section sections de louvrage governance of the call and integrity of the register true 3185"},{"id":"sect-roles-of-the-secretariat-of-the-call","titre":"Roles of the secretariat of the Call","type":"section","texte":"roles of the secretariat of the call section sections de louvrage roles of the secretariat of the call true 3192"},{"id":"sect-public-questions-and-answers","titre":"Public questions and answers","type":"section","texte":"public questions and answers section sections de louvrage public questions and answers true 3194"},{"id":"sect-proposed-launch-road-map","titre":"Proposed launch road map","type":"section","texte":"proposed launch road map section sections de louvrage proposed launch road map true 3215"},{"id":"sect-criteria-for-the-success-of-the-call","titre":"Criteria for the success of the Call","type":"section","texte":"criteria for the success of the call section sections de louvrage criteria for the success of the call true 3217"},{"id":"sect-short-version-one-page","titre":"Short version — one page","type":"section","texte":"short version one page section sections de louvrage short version one page true 3224"},{"id":"sect-q-elements-of-a-model-procedural-mandate","titre":"Q Elements of a model procedural mandate","type":"section","texte":"q elements of a model procedural mandate section sections de louvrage q elements of a model procedural mandate q false 3233"},{"id":"sect-q-1-design-principle-not-creating-one-more-commissio","titre":"Q.1  Design principle: not creating one more 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cited","type":"section","texte":"q 5 official sources of the texts cited section sections de louvrage q 5 official sources of the texts cited true 3331"},{"id":"sect-about-the-author","titre":"About the author","type":"section","texte":"about the author section sections de louvrage about the author true 3339"},{"id":"regl-this-grammar-is-reinforced-by-four-safeguards-negati","titre":"This grammar is reinforced by four safeguards: negative mandates, which prohibit the combination of the m","type":"regle-arret","texte":"this grammar is reinforced by four safeguards negative mandates which prohibit the combination of the m regle darret regles darret this grammar is reinforced by four safeguards negative mandates which prohibit the combination of the m this grammar is reinforced by four safeguards negative mandates which prohibit the combination of the most conflict prone roles stopping rules which permit not attributing or not pricing comparison with lighter architectures and the strict distinction between fact causality equity and law"},{"id":"regl-the-present-work-can-maintain-that-it-proposes-an-ex","titre":"The present work can maintain that it proposes an explicit theory of the three completenesses, a doctrine","type":"regle-arret","texte":"the present work can maintain that it proposes an explicit theory of the three completenesses a doctrine regle darret regles darret the present work can maintain that it proposes an explicit theory of the three completenesses a doctrine the present work can maintain that it proposes an explicit theory of the three completenesses a doctrine of interfaces negative mandates stopping rules a function first method a set of pre specified models and protocols as well as a candidate architecture submitted to comparison"},{"id":"regl-question-and-theoretical-proposal-the-document-formu","titre":"Question and theoretical proposal. The document formulates the Global Accountability Chain as a theory of","type":"regle-arret","texte":"question and theoretical proposal the document formulates the global accountability chain as a theory of regle darret regles darret question and theoretical proposal the document formulates the global accountability chain as a theory of question and theoretical proposal the document formulates the global accountability chain as a theory of the completeness of cross border and intergenerational accountability an architecture is said to be complete when it satisfies three cumulative requirements functional completeness covering the necessary transformations of the case file relational completeness linking each duty holder to an identifiable forum capable of demanding explanation justification and correction and procedural completeness preserving at the interfaces the provenance of the data the assumptions the model versions the uncertainty the objections the dissents and the avenues for review the contribution is therefore not the invention of each link taken in isolation but their organisation into an end to end chain governed by rights by negative mandates by stopping rules and by comparison with ligh"},{"id":"regl-abstract-the-globalisation-of-public-policy-financia","titre":"Abstract. The globalisation of public policy, financial flows, value chains and digital infrastructure ha","type":"regle-arret","texte":"abstract the globalisation of public policy financial flows value chains and digital infrastructure ha regle darret regles darret abstract the globalisation of public policy financial flows value chains and digital infrastructure ha abstract the globalisation of public policy financial flows value chains and digital infrastructure has extended the reach of decisions beyond the borders and generations that bear their consequences while the institutions that could hold such decisions to account remain fragmented this monograph formulates the global accountability chain as a theory of functional relational and procedural completeness an architecture is accountable only when every necessary function is covered when duty holders answer to identifiable forums and when the interfaces between functions preserve evidence uncertainty reasons and avenues for redress combining institutional analysis political economy international law welfare economics and data governance it proposes a first instantiation the 7 3 of seven functions and three instruments tooled by artificial intelligence but governed by id"},{"id":"regl-this-theory-is-situated-within-established-literatur","titre":"This theory is situated within established literatures. Accountability has defined the actor-forum relati","type":"regle-arret","texte":"this theory is situated within established literatures accountability has defined the actor forum relati regle darret regles darret this theory is situated within established literatures accountability has defined the actor forum relati this theory is situated within established literatures accountability has defined the actor forum relation global administrative law has brought transparency participation reason giving and review to the fore rational design has studied the institutional variables suited to cooperation problems regime complexes and polycentric governance have shown the benefits and the costs of fragmentation orchestration and experimentalist governance have described forms of action without central hierarchy the contribution proposed is to connect these achievements within a multi stage chain to raise the interface to the rank of an object of governance and to combine negative mandates stopping rules comparison of architectures and procedural preservation of the evidence"},{"id":"regl-stopping-rules-give-the-architecture-the-right-not-t","titre":"Stopping rules give the architecture the right not to conclude. Insufficient data, an unidentifiable coun","type":"regle-arret","texte":"stopping rules give the architecture the right not to conclude insufficient data an unidentifiable coun regle darret regles darret stopping rules give the architecture the right not to conclude insufficient data an unidentifiable coun stopping rules give the architecture the right not to conclude insufficient data an unidentifiable counterfactual an unreconciled overlap an absent competence or a release liable to produce disproportionate harm must suspend the inference or reduce the status of the result"},{"id":"regl-the-contributions-of-the-present-work-fall-into-seve","titre":"The contributions of the present work fall into seven families. The first is the general theory: three co","type":"regle-arret","texte":"the contributions of the present work fall into seven families the first is the general theory three co regle darret regles darret the contributions of the present work fall into seven families the first is the general theory three co the contributions of the present work fall into seven families the first is the general theory three completenesses accountability deficit and the distinction between the theory and the 7 3 the second concerns design interfaces function first method negative mandates s0s6 stopping rules separation of registers alternative architectures and epistemic statuses the third bears on monetary anatomy fifteen mechanisms cumulation synchronisation buffers and multidimensional shock the fourth concerns attribution and distribution bounds full cycle non additivity and tracing of beneficiaries the fifth is the empirical diagnosis of a system that is dense but discontinuous the sixth concerns ai and resilience authority matrix containment of errors degraded operation and fast modes under fixed mandates the seventh bears on adoption and applications gradualism sevilla and"},{"id":"regl-four-specific-additions-to-these-three-completenesse","titre":"Four specific additions. To these three completenesses are added four design proposals: negative mandates","type":"regle-arret","texte":"four specific additions to these three completenesses are added four design proposals negative mandates regle darret regles darret four specific additions to these three completenesses are added four design proposals negative mandates four specific additions to these three completenesses are added four design proposals negative mandates that prohibit one and the same actor from combining the most conflicting roles a doctrine of the interface as an autonomous object of audit stopping rules that allow the architecture not to conclude or not to price and a mandatory comparison with lighter architectures the novelty of the framework must therefore be assessed on this combination and on its capacity to produce testable consequences not on the vocabulary of the chain alone"},{"id":"regl-since-then-these-seven-rules-no-longer-remain-at-the","titre":"Since then, these seven rules no longer remain at the level of principles: they form a model of bounded p","type":"regle-arret","texte":"since then these seven rules no longer remain at the level of principles they form a model of bounded p regle darret regles darret since then these seven rules no longer remain at the level of principles they form a model of bounded p since then these seven rules no longer remain at the level of principles they form a model of bounded partial attribution set out in full in annex f there the counterfactual ceases to be a rate path and becomes a coherent vector of trajectories rates risk free curve exchange rate global risk appetite commodity prices failing which an endogenous reaction would be counted as an effect exposure is fixed before the shock and not read off after it so that an adaptation undergone is not treated as predetermined each mechanism receives its own measurement function and not a single base price spread formula so that the rationing of credit a restriction of volume not of price can be represented the attribution coefficients are not chosen one by one but belong to a joint admissible set taking each adverse channel at its maximum and each offset at its minimum when t"},{"id":"regl-three-arm-comparison-the-pilot-does-not-test-the-7-3","titre":"Three-arm comparison. The pilot does not test the 7+3 in isolation. A single case file, based on the same","type":"regle-arret","texte":"three arm comparison the pilot does not test the 7 3 in isolation a single case file based on the same regle darret regles darret three arm comparison the pilot does not test the 7 3 in isolation a single case file based on the same three arm comparison the pilot does not test the 7 3 in isolation a single case file based on the same data and the same freeze date is processed by three routes a the existing process b a light federated architecture c the 7 3 chain the teams are separated and gain access to the results of the other arms only after their own decisions have been frozen the protocol pre registers the hypotheses the permitted decisions the stopping rules and the indicators"},{"id":"regl-the-path-proposed-is-therefore-cumulative-modular-an","titre":"The path proposed is therefore cumulative, modular and reversible. It seeks a first approval limited enou","type":"regle-arret","texte":"the path proposed is therefore cumulative modular and reversible it seeks a first approval limited enou regle darret regles darret the path proposed is therefore cumulative modular and reversible it seeks a first approval limited enou the path proposed is therefore cumulative modular and reversible it seeks a first approval limited enough to be rational for states with divergent interests but structured enough to produce new evidence and to prevent a further general report from simply being added to its predecessors the initial object is not the adoption of the 7 3 it is the adoption of a procedure allowing the status quo a light federated architecture and the 7 3 instantiation to be compared on the same case files according to pre registered indicators and stopping rules 12 5"},{"id":"regl-the-united-nations-route-may-produce-the-opposite-ef","titre":"The United Nations route may produce the opposite effect to the one sought. In order to obtain consensus,","type":"regle-arret","texte":"the united nations route may produce the opposite effect to the one sought in order to obtain consensus regle darret regles darret the united nations route may produce the opposite effect to the one sought in order to obtain consensus the united nations route may produce the opposite effect to the one sought in order to obtain consensus a text may reduce accountability to a further request for study delete the stopping rules avoid the question of the forum or refer the entirety of the adjustment to the affected countries box 9 shows that a recommendation without a duty holder progressively loses its reach this objection justifies neither withdrawal from the multilateral process nor acceptance of any dilution it imposes minimum criteria the process adds value only if it retains at least five elements a traceable case file the separation between measurement causality equity and law a reasoned response from the competent actor the possibility of counter assessment and a comparator capable of concluding in favour of non activation of simplification or of failure a resolution that limited itself to encou"},{"id":"regl-the-passage-from-one-phase-to-the-next-is-authorised","titre":"The passage from one phase to the next is authorised only if: the data, codebooks and methods necessary f","type":"regle-arret","texte":"the passage from one phase to the next is authorised only if the data codebooks and methods necessary f regle darret regles darret the passage from one phase to the next is authorised only if the data codebooks and methods necessary f the passage from one phase to the next is authorised only if the data codebooks and methods necessary for the test are accessible to an independent evaluation the legal opinions identify a plausible vehicle for the acts envisaged the coalition includes states from several regions and is not reduced to a single category of beneficiaries the mandate protects the light comparator and the option of creating no new permanent body the affected parties have financed access to information and to counter assessment the full cost the conflicts of mandates and the risks of capture are published and a clause providing for return sunset and review is fixed the process is suspended or revised if the political referral precedes the publication of the essential materials the mandate reproduces a general commission of recommendations without an execution or pilot function the existing archi"},{"id":"regl-one-and-the-same-discipline-the-two-loops-apply-the-","titre":"One and the same discipline. The two loops apply the same principles: data provenance, declaration of unc","type":"regle-arret","texte":"one and the same discipline the two loops apply the same principles data provenance declaration of unc regle darret regles darret one and the same discipline the two loops apply the same principles data provenance declaration of unc one and the same discipline the two loops apply the same principles data provenance declaration of uncertainty separation of roles participation reasoned justification the possibility of independent counter assessment control of conflicts of interest and stopping rules prevention therefore constitutes no exception to accountability it brings forward its point of entry in time"},{"id":"regl-p10-preventing-without-governing-by-forecast-where-a","titre":"P10 — Preventing without governing by forecast. Where a cross-border or intergenerational risk of cascade","type":"regle-arret","texte":"p10 preventing without governing by forecast where a cross border or intergenerational risk of cascade regle darret regles darret p10 preventing without governing by forecast where a cross border or intergenerational risk of cascade p10 preventing without governing by forecast where a cross border or intergenerational risk of cascade is reasonably foreseeable and a window for action remains the architecture must be able to anticipate it to qualify it to notify it and to obtain a reasoned response the alert never transfers the competence of the decision maker to the producer of the forecast it creates neither a presumption of fault nor a pricing nor a sanction the models thresholds recipients uncertainties dissents false positives and false negatives are published or audited under a proportionate regime the preventive loop is subject to the same rights negative mandates stopping rules and avenues of redress as the principal chain"},{"id":"regl-the-complete-protocol-inputs-cascade-risk-memorandum","titre":"The complete protocol — inputs, cascade risk memorandum, action options and stopping rules — is specified","type":"regle-arret","texte":"the complete protocol inputs cascade risk memorandum action options and stopping rules is specified regle darret regles darret the complete protocol inputs cascade risk memorandum action options and stopping rules is specified the complete protocol inputs cascade risk memorandum action options and stopping rules is specified in annex l"},{"id":"regl-the-s0s6-classification-and-the-stopping-rules-give-","titre":"The S0–S6 classification and the stopping rules give the system the capacity to recognise that not all ef","type":"regle-arret","texte":"the s0s6 classification and the stopping rules give the system the capacity to recognise that not all ef regle darret regles darret the s0s6 classification and the stopping rules give the system the capacity to recognise that not all ef the s0s6 classification and the stopping rules give the system the capacity to recognise that not all effects justify the same response a pecuniary transfer a domestic friction a global loss an inequity and a legal violation are not interchangeable categories to measure does not oblige one to price to prevent does not oblige one to prohibit to finance does not establish fault and the absence of sufficient evidence must be able to lead to a reasoned closure"},{"id":"regl-status-and-scope-this-annex-formalises-a-transparent","titre":"Status and scope. This annex formalises a transparent accounting decomposition and a bounded partial attr","type":"regle-arret","texte":"status and scope this annex formalises a transparent accounting decomposition and a bounded partial attr regle darret regles darret status and scope this annex formalises a transparent accounting decomposition and a bounded partial attr status and scope this annex formalises a transparent accounting decomposition and a bounded partial attribution framework for the cross border spillovers of monetary policy it produces no new estimate and does not on its own permit the identification of a causal policy shock the establishment of a welfare loss the determination of legal liability or the justification of a financial consequence it remains at rungs 1 and 2 of the epistemic ladder used in this document accounting incidence and plausibly bounded attribution rung 3 identified causality falls under the complementary empirical protocol of annex g the purpose here is narrower and more demanding than a calculation for display every input allocation exclusion counterfactual and stopping rule must be inspectable and refutable line by line"},{"id":"regl-full-compliance-with-f-1f-14-is-a-research-programme","titre":"Full compliance with §F.1–§F.14 is a research programme, not an afternoon's calculation. If the framework","type":"regle-arret","texte":"full compliance with f 1f 14 is a research programme not an afternoon s calculation if the framework regle darret regles darret full compliance with f 1f 14 is a research programme not an afternoon s calculation if the framework full compliance with f 1f 14 is a research programme not an afternoon s calculation if the framework can be satisfied only by jurisdictions endowed with deep data and strong modelling capacity it betrays the architecture it serves the measurement layer is meant to be usable at entry level by the administrations most exposed to the spillovers it measures two configurations are therefore defined neither relaxes the stopping rules of f 13 the minimal configuration restricts the scope it does not lower the standard of proof"},{"id":"regl-stopping-rule-if-the-source-the-competence-the-attac","titre":"Stopping rule. If the source, the competence, the attachment or the applicability cannot be established,","type":"regle-arret","texte":"stopping rule if the source the competence the attachment or the applicability cannot be established regle darret regles darret stopping rule if the source the competence the attachment or the applicability cannot be established stopping rule if the source the competence the attachment or the applicability cannot be established the act cannot be qualified as a legally binding obligation it may remain a reference standard a recommendation a political commitment or an experimental protocol its status is then displayed without ambiguity"},{"id":"regl-the-computation-that-discharges-f-16-is-defined-by-c","titre":"The computation that discharges §F.16 is defined by Configuration M of Annex F (§F.15): identical stoppin","type":"regle-arret","texte":"the computation that discharges f 16 is defined by configuration m of annex f f 15 identical stoppin regle darret regles darret the computation that discharges f 16 is defined by configuration m of annex f f 15 identical stoppin the computation that discharges f 16 is defined by configuration m of annex f f 15 identical stopping rules restricted scope table i4 lists the deliverables and the data each of them requires none of these steps presupposes any new theory each is a task of data assembly and documentation"},{"id":"regl-the-stopping-rules-of-f-13-applied-to-this-case-file","titre":"The stopping rules of §F.13, applied to this case file, produce the following communication discipline. I","type":"regle-arret","texte":"the stopping rules of f 13 applied to this case file produce the following communication discipline i regle darret regles darret the stopping rules of f 13 applied to this case file produce the following communication discipline i the stopping rules of f 13 applied to this case file produce the following communication discipline it is permitted to say that an accounting scenario classified under annex f under a single inherited counterfactual places the direct external cash flow incidence borne by the tunisian treasury in a range of 1 0 to 4 8 billion tnd base 2 3 rising to 1 66 9 billion tnd base 3 5 when partially attributed domestic transmission is included that potential gains for the central bank and for households in receipt of transfers exist on a comparable order of magnitude and are reported separately by beneficiary and that the annex f framework brackets without confirming the monetary core reported in 9 3 it is not permitted to say that foreign central banks cost tunisia any amount whatsoever that a welfare loss a causal effect a fault or a share of responsibility has been establis"},{"id":"regl-stopping-rules-the-protocol-remains-at-level-v0-or-v","titre":"Stopping rules. The protocol remains at level V0 or V1 if the mechanisms are not identifiable, if the dat","type":"regle-arret","texte":"stopping rules the protocol remains at level v0 or v1 if the mechanisms are not identifiable if the dat regle darret regles darret stopping rules the protocol remains at level v0 or v1 if the mechanisms are not identifiable if the dat stopping rules the protocol remains at level v0 or v1 if the mechanisms are not identifiable if the data are too weak if no window for action exists or if disclosure is liable to provoke greater damage it never issues an amount of preventive attribution and does not use a prior alert as sufficient proof of responsibility after the shock"},{"id":"regl-bounded-partial-attribution-means-attribution-expres","titre":"— “bounded partial attribution” means attribution expressed in published ranges and restrictions, accompa","type":"regle-arret","texte":"bounded partial attribution means attribution expressed in published ranges and restrictions accompa regle darret regles darret bounded partial attribution means attribution expressed in published ranges and restrictions accompa bounded partial attribution means attribution expressed in published ranges and restrictions accompanied by stopping rules where identification is not tenable"},{"id":"refe-abbott","titre":"Abbott","type":"reference","texte":"abbott reference references externes abbott article academique 2015 abbott k w genschel p snidal d and zangl b eds 2015 international organizations as orchestrators cambridge cambridge university press nom seul sans millesime appariement moins sur"},{"id":"refe-abbott-2","titre":"Abbott","type":"reference","texte":"abbott reference references externes abbott article academique 2000 abbott k w keohane r o moravcsik a slaughter a m and snidal d 2000 the concept of legalization international organization 54 3 pp 401419 nom seul sans millesime appariement moins 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automatique"},{"id":"refe-aiyar","titre":"Aiyar","type":"reference","texte":"aiyar reference references externes aiyar institution 2023 aiyar s et al 2023 geoeconomic fragmentation and the future of multilateralism imf staff discussion note sdn 2023 001 washington dc imf non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-akerlof","titre":"Akerlof","type":"reference","texte":"akerlof reference references externes akerlof article academique 1970 akerlof g a 1970 the market for lemons quality uncertainty and the market mechanism the quarterly journal of economics 84 3 pp 488500 doi 10 2307 1879431"},{"id":"refe-akkaya","titre":"Akkaya","type":"reference","texte":"akkaya reference references externes akkaya article academique 2024 akkaya y hutchinson j jrgensen k and skeppas e 2024 quantitative tightening how do shrinking eurosystem bond holdings affect long term interest rates the ecb blog 14 november frankfurt european central bank available at https www ecb europa eu press blog 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basu s s boz e gopinath g roch f and unsal f d 2020 a conceptual model for the integrated policy framework imf working paper wp 20 121 washington dc international monetary fund non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-benjamini","titre":"Benjamini","type":"reference","texte":"benjamini reference references externes benjamini article academique 1995 benjamini y and hochberg y 1995 controlling the false discovery rate a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing journal of the royal statistical society series b methodological 57 1 pp 289 300 non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-berg","titre":"Berg","type":"reference","texte":"berg reference references externes berg article academique 2022 berg f kolbel j f and rigobon r 2022 aggregate confusion the divergence of esg ratings review of finance 26 6 pp 13151344"},{"id":"refe-black","titre":"Black","type":"reference","texte":"black reference references externes black institution 2025 black s celniak 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health organization reference references externes world health organization article academique 1946 world health organization 1946 constitution of the world health organization new york 22 july 1946 in particular arts 21 and 22 non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-united-nations-economic-commission-for-europe","titre":"United Nations Economic Commission for Europe","type":"reference","texte":"united nations economic commission for europe reference references externes united nations economic commission for europe instrument juridique 1998 united nations economic commission for europe 1998 convention on access to information public participation in decision making and access to justice in environmental matters aarhus convention aarhus 25 june 1998 entered into force 30 october 2001 in particular arts 9 and 15 and decision i 7 2002 non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-united-nations-economic-commission-for-europe-2","titre":"United Nations Economic 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instrument juridique 2024 united nations general assembly 2024 resolution 79 1 the pact for the future 22 september 2024 new york united nations nom seul sans millesime appariement moins sur"},{"id":"refe-united-nations-secretary-general-2","titre":"United Nations Secretary-General","type":"reference","texte":"united nations secretary general reference references externes united nations secretary general institution 2024 united nations secretary general 2024 peacebuilding and sustaining peace report a 79 552s 2024 767 new york united nations non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-united-nations-18","titre":"United Nations","type":"reference","texte":"united nations reference references externes united nations institution 2025 united nations 2025a compromiso de sevilla and sevilla platform for action fourth international conference on financing for development sevilla 30 june3 july 2025 non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-united-nations-financing-for-sustainable-development-2","titre":"United Nations Financing for Sustainable Development Office","type":"reference","texte":"united nations financing for sustainable development office reference references externes united nations financing for sustainable development office institution 2026 united nations financing for sustainable development office 2026a financing for sustainable development report 2026 new york united nations nom seul sans millesime appariement moins sur"},{"id":"refe-united-nations-financing-for-sustainable-development-3","titre":"United Nations Financing for Sustainable Development Office","type":"reference","texte":"united nations financing for sustainable development office reference references externes united nations financing for sustainable development office institution 2026 united nations financing for sustainable development office 2026b sevilla platform for action delivering early results 2026 ecosoc 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settings new york undp independent evaluation office non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-world-bank-5","titre":"World Bank","type":"reference","texte":"world bank reference references externes world bank institution 2017 world bank 2017 world development report 2017 governance and the law washington dc world bank non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-this-annex-lists-recent-items-of-primary-source-evid","titre":"This annex lists recent items of primary-source evidence","type":"reference","texte":"this annex lists recent items of primary source evidence reference references externes this annex lists recent items of primary source evidence donnees 2024 this annex lists recent items of primary source evidence 2024 2026 that postdate or refine the argument of the present work each item is attached to the functional pillar it supports and to the limit that prevents any over interpretation the full screening database two hundred items covering twenty families each accompanied by an explicit verification status is held in a separate research notebook only those references individually verified against the source are cited here each being listed in full in t non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-measurement","titre":"Measurement","type":"reference","texte":"measurement reference references externes measurement institution 2026 measurement huib two developments confirm a convergence on the need for a permanent measurement institution that has yet to be created the secretary generals independent high level expert group on beyond gdp has proposed a compass of complementary indicators united nations 2026 an acknowledgement at the highest level that no permanent scientific body discharges this function and the faos true cost accounting has put the hidden costs of agrifood systems at some twelve trillion dollars a year of which som nom seul sans millesime appariement moins sur"},{"id":"refe-rating","titre":"Rating","type":"reference","texte":"rating reference references externes rating article academique 2025 rating gira recent work shows that private rating decisions govern fiscal space a late 2025 revision of the treatment of the callable capital of the multilateral development banks released through a single methodological choice a substantial volume of additional lending capacity cash 2025 while a dedicated reform programme sets out how the rating function could be made accountable cash and khan 2024 it is this channel and not a model to be admired that the separation between rating and pricing eff nom seul sans millesime appariement moins sur"},{"id":"refe-pricing-and-equity","titre":"Pricing and equity","type":"reference","texte":"pricing and equity reference references externes pricing and equity article academique 2024 pricing and equity gfea the coordination pathway that the present work posits is now concretely on the table a proposal for a coordinated minimum effective rate on ultra high net worth individuals shows that a tax standard can begin with a coalition of the willing and a collector of last resort rather than with a universal treaty zucman 2024 and a quantitative analysis of the fifteen per cent global minimum tax documents the extent to which its effective yield is diluted in practice hugger et al 2024 nom seul sans millesime appariement moins sur"},{"id":"refe-border-adjustment","titre":"Border adjustment","type":"reference","texte":"border adjustment reference references externes border adjustment article academique 2025 border adjustment bfm a quantitative trade model using plant level data shows that a well designed carbon border adjustment can curb carbon leakage without disproportionately penalising low income partners but only under a specific design and largely for steel and aluminium clausing et al 2025 which is why the border fairness mechanism must add what a border tax lacks redistribution consent and broader coverage nom seul sans millesime appariement moins sur"},{"id":"refe-financing","titre":"Financing","type":"reference","texte":"financing reference references externes financing article academique 2024 financing gsf the recent replenishment rounds of the main vertical funds have systematically fallen short of their target madan keller et al 2024 an empirical confirmation that a purely financial mandate detached from the rest of the accountability chain cannot balance its budget without sacrificing either thematic rigour or geographical equity nom seul sans millesime appariement moins sur"},{"id":"refe-spillover-effects","titre":"Spillover effects","type":"reference","texte":"spillover effects reference references externes spillover effects article academique 2025 spillover effects revisited two 2025 studies refine the monetary spillover mechanism at the heart of section 9 demand for safe assets and the global dollar cycle transmit united states conditions asymmetrically to emerging economies allen et al 2025 and the intensity of that transmission runs through the role of the dollar acharya et al 2025 these two works frame without demonstrating it the attribution discipline of the present work nom seul sans millesime appariement moins sur"},{"id":"refe-adjudication","titre":"Adjudication","type":"reference","texte":"adjudication reference references externes adjudication article academique 2025 adjudication court the 2025 icj advisory opinion confirmed the existence in international law of binding reparation obligations international court of justice 2025 a reading confirmed by subsequent legal analysis foster 2025 and the 2026 review of climate litigation shows sharply rising litigation demand grantham research institute on climate change and the environment 2026 to be read as evidence of a demand for adjudication not as a mechanical demonstration that a new court is necessary non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-democratic-certification","titre":"Democratic certification","type":"reference","texte":"democratic certification reference references externes democratic certification institution 2026 democratic certification ipda and ai the independent international scientific panel on artificial intelligence has moved from established status to its first published report independent international scientific panel on artificial intelligence 2026 and the secretary generals advisory body has recommended distributed and complementary mechanisms rather than a single global regulator united nations high level advisory body on artificial intelligence 2024 a direct precedent for the single mandate logic nom seul sans millesime appariement moins sur"},{"id":"refe-theory-of-the-architecture-regime-complexity-analysi","titre":"Theory of the architecture. Regime-complexity analysis prese","type":"reference","texte":"theory of the architecture regime complexity analysis prese reference references externes theory of the architecture regime complexity analysis prese article academique 2025 theory of the architecture regime complexity analysis presents the 7 3 as an architecture designed to manage interface conflicts separate mandates collision rules arbitration rather than as a super agency kreuder sonnen schmotz and zurn 2025 combined with the literature on orchestration in development governance cormier heinzel and reinsberg 2024 and on the accountability of global governance lall 2025 it supplies the vocabulary of delegation and accountability that the argument requires nom seul sans millesime appariement moins sur"},{"id":"refe-a-useful-counter-example-finally","titre":"A useful counter-example. Finally","type":"reference","texte":"a useful counter example finally reference references externes a useful counter example finally institution 2026 a useful counter example finally the 2026 decision of the world bank group to integrate its independent accountability mechanisms world bank group 2026 constitutes both a precedent of reform by incorporation and a warning the present work distinguishes the administrative integration of neighbouring procedures from the concentration of incompatible functions against which its principle of one institution per function warns non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-the-vector-may-include-the-source-policy-rate","titre":"The vector may include the source policy rate","type":"reference","texte":"the vector may include the source policy rate reference references externes the vector may include the source policy rate article academique 2021 the vector may include the source policy rate the risk free yield curve the exchange rate of the recipient country global risk appetite the output of the source jurisdiction commodity prices and other variables specific to each mechanism the paths must be generated by an explicit model a reaction function a market expectations path a narrative scenario or an identified empirical design a counterfactual price is a model output never an observation membership of is itself constrained an admissible coun non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-ij","titre":"Φᵢⱼ","type":"reference","texte":"ij reference references externes ij article academique 1990 ij c is the set of jointly feasible attribution vectors it contains the mechanism specific bounds the cross mechanism restrictions common shock coherence the sign restrictions and any constraint induced by the empirical design the bounds are bounds of documented judgement or of partial identification manski 1990 so long as they are not estimated they are not confidence intervals non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-g-1-purpose-and-linkage-the-body-of-the-report","titre":"G.1 Purpose and linkage. The body of the report","type":"reference","texte":"g 1 purpose and linkage the body of the report reference references externes g 1 purpose and linkage the body of the report article academique 2024 g 1 purpose and linkage the body of the report 9 5 9 6 9 7 explicitly defers the empirical demonstration monetary policy spillover is established there as the least priced link of the accountability chain and its eventual correction can be grounded only after attributing the incidence to an identified shock separating the transfer from the welfare loss and neutralising the offsets the present annex is that vehicle its contribution is not a global figure which the report explicitly withdraws but a non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-g-2-data-and-feasibility-audit-the-panel-brings-toge","titre":"G.2 Data and feasibility audit. The panel brings together si","type":"reference","texte":"g 2 data and feasibility audit the panel brings together si reference references externes g 2 data and feasibility audit the panel brings together si institution 2024 g 2 data and feasibility audit the panel brings together sixteen countries of the middle east and central asia ugazio xin 2024 imf wp 24 14 including tunisia by name public coverage world bank interfaces ids and wdi reaches 95 to 100 for tunisia on structural exposure debt debt service reserves investment remittances exports direct investment but at annual frequency two structural gaps remain the foreign currency share of the debt the weight of mechanisms a1 and a2 and concessional or mul non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-g-3-identification-strategy-monetary-policy-shocks-a","titre":"G.3 Identification strategy. Monetary policy shocks are iden","type":"reference","texte":"g 3 identification strategy monetary policy shocks are iden reference references externes g 3 identification strategy monetary policy shocks are iden donnees 2020 g 3 identification strategy monetary policy shocks are identified at high frequency for the federal reserve the decomposition of jarocinski karadi 2020 which separates the pure policy surprise from the information component for the european central bank the ea mpd event database altavilla et al 2019 whose factor rotation target timing forward guidance balance sheet measures remains to be executed exposure is measured in a predetermined manner lagged one period and winsorised estimation rests non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-status-and-scope-this-annex-consolidates-in-a-single","titre":"Status and scope. This annex consolidates in a single place","type":"reference","texte":"status and scope this annex consolidates in a single place reference references externes status and scope this annex consolidates in a single place article academique 2021 status and scope this annex consolidates in a single place everything the document asserts and refuses to assert about the tunisian case of monetary spillovers it is the case file provided for by the transitional provision of annex f f 16 it fixes the evidentiary status of each figure the classification of the case under the annex f framework at the pre configuration m level the reconciliation obligation that conditions any statement of convergence and the programme of work leading to the configuration m nom seul sans millesime appariement moins sur"},{"id":"refe-the-programme-workbook","titre":"The programme workbook","type":"reference","texte":"the programme workbook reference references externes the programme workbook article academique 2022 the programme workbook v5 the programmes internal workbook decomposes the 20222025 tightening cycle into channels applies national level offsets and a global overlap discount and arrives at an all causes gross figure of about 15 billion tnd 4 5 billion euros and a consolidated national net of 2 9811 73 billion tnd central value 6 45 this consolidation offsets gains and losses across agents which the annex f framework does not permit the workbook therefore serves as source material for the case not non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-table-i1-the-tunisian-figures-by-set-and-by-status","titre":"Table I1 — The Tunisian figures by set and by status","type":"reference","texte":"table i1 the tunisian figures by set and by status reference references externes table i1 the tunisian figures by set and by status article academique 2022 table i1 the tunisian figures by set and by status millions of tnd cumulative 20222025 counterfactual c v5 eur at the indicative working rate of 3 35 non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-status-of-sources-and-of-the-ldc-list-23-july-2026","titre":"Status of sources and of the LDC list: 23 July 2026","type":"reference","texte":"status of sources and of the ldc list 23 july 2026 reference references externes status of sources and of the ldc list 23 july 2026 article academique 2026 status of sources and of the ldc list 23 july 2026 nom seul sans millesime appariement moins sur"},{"id":"refe-as-at-23-july-2026","titre":"As at 23 July 2026","type":"reference","texte":"as at 23 july 2026 reference references externes as at 23 july 2026 institution 2026 as at 23 july 2026 the united nations list comprises 44 ldcs 32 in africa 8 in asia 1 in the caribbean and 3 in the pacific 1 non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-bangladesh","titre":"Bangladesh","type":"reference","texte":"bangladesh reference references externes bangladesh article academique 2026 bangladesh the lao peoples democratic republic and nepal remain included in the reference panel even though their graduation from the category is scheduled for 24 november 2026 the panel must be frozen according to status at the start of the study period in order to avoid a break in comparability 2 non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-18-ldcs-appear-in-the-qeds-gdds-availability-file-up","titre":"18 LDCs appear in the QEDS-GDDS availability file updated on","type":"reference","texte":"18 ldcs appear in the qeds gdds availability file updated on reference references externes 18 ldcs appear in the qeds gdds availability file updated on article academique 2026 18 ldcs appear in the qeds gdds availability file updated on 30 april 2026 13 of them have reported data at least up to the second quarter of 2024 4 non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-the-recommended-main-window-is-20192025","titre":"The recommended main window is 2019–2025:","type":"reference","texte":"the recommended main window is 20192025 reference references externes the recommended main window is 20192025 article academique 2019 the recommended main window is 20192025 non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-20192021-to-measure-prior-exposures-and-trends","titre":"2019–2021 to measure prior exposures and trends;","type":"reference","texte":"20192021 to measure prior exposures and trends reference references externes 20192021 to measure prior exposures and trends article academique 2019 20192021 to measure prior exposures and trends non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-20222024-for-the-core-of-the-tightening-cycle","titre":"2022–2024 for the core of the tightening cycle;","type":"reference","texte":"20222024 for the core of the tightening cycle reference references externes 20222024 for the core of the tightening cycle article academique 2022 20222024 for the core of the tightening cycle non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-2025-for-delayed-effects","titre":"2025 for delayed effects","type":"reference","texte":"2025 for delayed effects reference references externes 2025 for delayed effects article academique 2025 2025 for delayed effects refinancings and first normalisations"},{"id":"refe-the-main-benefit-of-the-enrichment-is-not-to-measure","titre":"The main benefit of the enrichment is not to measure more th","type":"reference","texte":"the main benefit of the enrichment is not to measure more th reference references externes the main benefit of the enrichment is not to measure more th article academique 2005 the main benefit of the enrichment is not to measure more things it is that each component possesses a predictable signature across the transmission mechanisms already defined so that the whole forms an overdetermined system of restrictions a seven component vector applied to some fifteen mechanisms produces far more signed predictions than free parameters which makes the construction refutable rather than merely richer this multidimensional identification strategy extends the decomposition of monetary policy non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-moving-from-one-impulse-to-seven-over-a-single-episo","titre":"Moving from one impulse to seven over a single episode multi","type":"reference","texte":"moving from one impulse to seven over a single episode multi reference references externes moving from one impulse to seven over a single episode multi article academique 2022 moving from one impulse to seven over a single episode multiplies sevenfold the problem that the 20222025 window already poses the protocol must therefore state before estimation under what conditions the decomposition is identifiable and what it does when it is not non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-identifying-restriction-the-separation-rests-on-the-","titre":"Identifying restriction. The separation rests on the co-move","type":"reference","texte":"identifying restriction the separation rests on the co move reference references externes identifying restriction the separation rests on the co move donnees 2020 identifying restriction the separation rests on the co movement around the announcement between interest rates and the prices of risky assets a pure policy tightening raises rates and depresses assets a favourable information revelation raises both together the sign restriction on this co movement is what identifies the component without it a factor rotation produces orthogonal axes devoid of structural meaning the protocol requires that the restriction be declared before estimation and that the sensitivit non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-it-changes-nothing-in-what-follows-the-taxonomy-of-t","titre":"It changes nothing in what follows. The taxonomy of transmis","type":"reference","texte":"it changes nothing in what follows the taxonomy of transmis reference references externes it changes nothing in what follows the taxonomy of transmis article academique 2022 it changes nothing in what follows the taxonomy of transmission mechanisms remains unchanged the attainable level of evidence remains that of accounting incidence and bounded partial attribution a better specified vector does not cross the bridge to welfare and the most likely conclusion for the 20222025 episode remains that some of the components will not be separately identifiable which is precisely what the fallback scale is designed to make publishable rather than concealable non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-c0-rates-held-at-their-end-2021-level-a-demanding-sc","titre":"c0 — rates held at their end-2021 level: a demanding scenari","type":"reference","texte":"c0 rates held at their end 2021 level a demanding scenari reference references externes c0 rates held at their end 2021 level a demanding scenari article academique 2021 c0 rates held at their end 2021 level a demanding scenario but not an upper bound by definition non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-how-to-read-ids-indicates-the-existence-of-a-country","titre":"How to read: IDS indicates the existence of a country page i","type":"reference","texte":"how to read ids indicates the existence of a country page i reference references externes how to read ids indicates the existence of a country page i institution 2026 how to read ids indicates the existence of a country page in the list displayed by the world bank qeds indicates the last period reported in the availability file as at 30 april 2026 fcv reproduces the fy26 list the wave is a provisional methodological prioritisation potential l2 does not mean that an estimate is already valid non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-1-united-nations-un-ohrlls","titre":"[1] United Nations — UN-OHRLLS","type":"reference","texte":"1 united nations un ohrlls reference references externes 1 united nations un ohrlls institution 2026 1 united nations un ohrlls list of ldcs list of 44 countries consulted in july 2026 non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-4-world-bank","titre":"[4] World Bank","type":"reference","texte":"4 world bank reference references externes 4 world bank institution 2026 4 world bank quarterly external debt statistics qeds gdds and sdds availability files updated 30 april 2026 non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-7-yaiche","titre":"[7] Yaiche","type":"reference","texte":"7 yaiche reference references externes 7 yaiche article academique 2026 7 yaiche n 2026 the humanity compact annex f formal accounting decomposition and bounded partial attribution framework enhanced version non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-8-yaiche","titre":"[8] Yaiche","type":"reference","texte":"8 yaiche reference references externes 8 yaiche article academique 2026 8 yaiche n 2026 the humanity compact the global accountability chain the present volume version 2 2 non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-incorporating-a-review-of-the-international-literatu","titre":"Incorporating a review of the international literature · sta","type":"reference","texte":"incorporating a review of the international literature sta reference references externes incorporating a review of the international literature sta article academique 2026 incorporating a review of the international literature state of sources july 2026 non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-inegalitarian-position-other-work-concludes-the-oppo","titre":"Inegalitarian position. 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O","type":"reference","texte":"inegalitarian position other work concludes the opposite o reference references externes inegalitarian position other work concludes the opposite o article academique 1999 inegalitarian position other work concludes the opposite on matched danish administrative data the asset valuation gains induced by easing accrue far more to households endowed with wealth and greatly exceed the wage gains of households of modest means a panel study of forty nine countries between 1999 and 2019 mobilising local projections and augmented inverse probability weighting to treat endogeneity concludes that there is a net relationship between asset purchase programmes and a rise in inequality non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-the-most-pertinent-question-for-the-present-work-is-","titre":"The most pertinent question for the present work is not the","type":"reference","texte":"the most pertinent question for the present work is not the reference references externes the most pertinent question for the present work is not the article academique 2019 the most pertinent question for the present work is not the effect of easing taken in isolation but the symmetry of the cycle are the agents who benefit from the expansion those who bear the tightening the literature on the unwinding of asset purchases indicates a state dependence and a heterogeneity between households which forbid presuming symmetry this attention to the distribution between agents extends the analysis of the redistribution channel of monetary policy auclert 2019 non retrouvee par le reperage automatique"},{"id":"refe-guided-by-the-universal-declaration-of-human-rights-","titre":"Guided by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and by t","type":"reference","texte":"guided by the universal declaration of human rights and by t reference references externes guided by the universal declaration of human rights and by t instrument juridique 1966 guided by the universal 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