{ "noeuds": [ { "id": "obje-invisible-externalities", "type": "objet", "titre": "Invisible externalities", "resume": "A harm unmeasured, measured but unpriced, or priced but not justiciable — three deficiencies, three remedies", "defini_a": "§2.2", "niveau": 1 }, { "id": "obje-twenty-families-five-modes", "type": "objet", "titre": "Twenty families · five modes", "resume": "The landscape of harm, by form and by transmission channel, anchored in third-party sources", "defini_a": "§2.3–2.4", "niveau": 1 }, { "id": "obje-accountability-deficit", "type": "objet", "titre": "Accountability deficit", "resume": "Functions without a duty-holder; duty-holders without a forum; affected parties without information or avenue of redress", "defini_a": "§2.5", "niveau": 1 }, { "id": "obje-law-of-attrition-power-hypothesis", "type": "objet", "titre": "Law of attrition · power hypothesis", "resume": "What survives is what obliges no one; the “blank” arises from the absence of a duty-holder, not from the veto alone", "defini_a": "§2.6–2.7; Box 9", "niveau": 1 }, { "id": "obje-global-accountability-chain", "type": "objet", "titre": "Global Accountability Chain", "resume": "Accountability as a property of architecture: three cumulative completenesses — functional, relational, procedural", "defini_a": "§1.4; §4", "niveau": 1 }, { "id": "obje-negative-mandates", "type": "objet", "titre": "Negative mandates", "resume": "Each body defined by what it forbids itself — the architecture’s first firewall", "defini_a": "§4.2 (P2); §4.7", "niveau": 1 }, { "id": "obje-stopping-rules", "type": "objet", "titre": "Stopping rules", "resume": "The institutional right not to conclude, not to attribute, not to price", "defini_a": "§1.7; §4.2", "niveau": 1 }, { "id": "obje-interface-integrity", "type": "objet", "titre": "Interface integrity", "resume": "No consequence on an output that does not carry its supporting evidence pack", "defini_a": "Boxes 4–5; §5.9", "niveau": 1 }, { "id": "obje-principles-p1p10", "type": "objet", "titre": "Principles P1–P10", "resume": "The normative specification for any instantiation", "defini_a": "§4.2; §15.5", "niveau": 1 }, { "id": "obje-the-seven-functions", "type": "objet", "titre": "The seven functions", "resume": "Measure → rate → price → adjust → finance → certify → adjudicate: one function, one duty-holder", "defini_a": "§5", "niveau": 1 }, { "id": "obje-the-three-instruments", "type": "objet", "titre": "The three instruments", "resume": "The Charter (the norms) · the GAF (the parties’ obligations) · the Call (participation)", "defini_a": "§6", "niveau": 1 }, { "id": "obje-the-two-loops", "type": "objet", "titre": "The two loops", "resume": "Respond to the observed effect (the chain); prevent the foreseeable cascade (the preventive loop)", "defini_a": "§1.5; §15", "niveau": 1 }, { "id": "obje-four-categories-of-claim", "type": "objet", "titre": "Four categories of claim", "resume": "Verifiable · programme-derived · design proposal · normative commitment — every sentence carries its own", "defini_a": "Tab. 1 (§1.10)", "niveau": 1 }, { "id": "obje-three-rung-ladder", "type": "objet", "titre": "Three-rung ladder", "resume": "Accounting incidence → plausible attribution → identified causality — never above its rung", "defini_a": "Box 10 (§9.2)", "niveau": 1 }, { "id": "obje-s0s6-routing", "type": "objet", "titre": "S0–S6 routing", "resume": "Seven classes of spillover; only two (S3–S4) open efficiency correction", "defini_a": "§9.7", "niveau": 1 }, { "id": "obje-non-additivity-a-b-c", "type": "objet", "titre": "Non-additivity A / B / C", "resume": "Market costs, welfare, transfers: three ontologies that never add up", "defini_a": "Box 2; §9.2", "niveau": 1 }, { "id": "obje-fifteen-mechanisms-seven-rules", "type": "objet", "titre": "Fifteen mechanisms · seven rules", "resume": "The anatomy of monetary spillover and its discipline of bounded attribution", "defini_a": "§9.1–9.2", "niveau": 1 }, { "id": "obje-the-four-test-cases", "type": "objet", "titre": "The four test cases", "resume": "Data centre · monetary · Sevilla · peace — four evidential statuses, never added together", "defini_a": "§8–11", "niveau": 1 }, { "id": "obje-m-f-i-configurations-l-ap-scales", "type": "objet", "titre": "M / F / I configurations · L, AP scales", "resume": "The gradation of adoption: from light protocol to regime, through decision gates", "defini_a": "§4.6; §12", "niveau": 1 }, { "id": "exte-climate-change-greenhouse-gases", "type": "externalite", "titre": "Climate change (greenhouse gases)", "secteur": "Climate", "ordre_grandeur": "several trillions", "ancrage": "IPCC 2023; Rennert 2022" }, { "id": "sect-climate", "type": "secteur", "titre": "Climate" }, { "id": "exte-air-pollution-particulate-matter", "type": "externalite", "titre": "Air pollution (particulate matter)", "secteur": "Environment / health", "ordre_grandeur": "several trillions", "ancrage": "World Bank 2022 (~8,100 billion)" }, { "id": "sect-environment", "type": "secteur", "titre": "Environment" }, { "id": "sect-health", "type": "secteur", "titre": "health" }, { "id": "exte-industrially-caused-health-harms", "type": "externalite", "titre": "Industrially caused health harms", "secteur": "Health", "ordre_grandeur": "~1,000–3,000 billion", "ancrage": "WHO & ILO 2021" }, { "id": "sect-health-2", "type": "secteur", "titre": "Health" }, { "id": "exte-persistent-chemical-pollution", "type": "externalite", "titre": "Persistent chemical pollution", "secteur": "Environment / health", "ordre_grandeur": "~1,000–3,000 billion", "ancrage": "Fuller et al. 2022; Larsen & Sánchez-Triana 2023" }, { "id": "exte-biodiversity-loss-and-deforestation", "type": "externalite", "titre": "Biodiversity loss and deforestation", "secteur": "Environment", "ordre_grandeur": "~1,000–3,000 billion", "ancrage": "World Bank 2021; Dasgupta 2021" }, { "id": "exte-systemic-financial-instability", "type": "externalite", "titre": "Systemic financial instability", "secteur": "Financial", "ordre_grandeur": "~1,000–3,000 billion", "ancrage": "Laeven & Valencia 2020" }, { "id": "sect-financial", "type": "secteur", "titre": "Financial" }, { "id": "exte-military-spending-and-conflict", "type": "externalite", "titre": "Military spending and conflict", "secteur": "Geopolitics", "ordre_grandeur": "~1,000–3,000 billion", "ancrage": "SIPRI 2024" }, { "id": "sect-geopolitics", "type": "secteur", "titre": "Geopolitics" }, { "id": "exte-antimicrobial-resistance", "type": "externalite", "titre": "Antimicrobial resistance", "secteur": "Health", "ordre_grandeur": "hundreds of billions", "ancrage": "World Bank 2017" }, { "id": "exte-concentration-of-market-power", "type": "externalite", "titre": "Concentration of market power", "secteur": "Economic", "ordre_grandeur": "hundreds of billions", "ancrage": "De Loecker, Eeckhout & Unger 2020 (mechanism)" }, { "id": "sect-economic", "type": "secteur", "titre": "Economic" }, { "id": "exte-water-overuse-and-pollution", "type": "externalite", "titre": "Water overuse and pollution", "secteur": "Environment", "ordre_grandeur": "hundreds of billions", "ancrage": "World Bank 2016; 2019" }, { "id": "exte-pandemics-and-zoonoses", "type": "externalite", "titre": "Pandemics and zoonoses", "secteur": "Health", "ordre_grandeur": "hundreds of billions", "ancrage": "G20 HLIP 2021" }, { "id": "exte-fossil-fuel-subsidies", "type": "externalite", "titre": "Fossil fuel subsidies", "secteur": "Financial / climate", "ordre_grandeur": "hundreds of billions", "ancrage": "Black et al. 2025 (explicit)" }, { "id": "sect-climate-2", "type": "secteur", "titre": "climate" }, { "id": "exte-illicit-financial-flows-and-evasion", "type": "externalite", "titre": "Illicit financial flows and evasion", "secteur": "Financial", "ordre_grandeur": "hundreds of billions", "ancrage": "GFI 2021; Tax Justice Network 2023" }, { "id": "exte-social-and-environmental-costs-of-trade", "type": "externalite", "titre": "Social and environmental costs of trade", "secteur": "Trade", "ordre_grandeur": "hundreds of billions", "ancrage": "derived from the programme (no third-party anchor)" }, { "id": "sect-trade", "type": "secteur", "titre": "Trade" }, { "id": "exte-unregulated-ai-and-algorithmic-bias", "type": "externalite", "titre": "Unregulated AI and algorithmic bias", "secteur": "Digital", "ordre_grandeur": "hundreds of billions", "ancrage": "derived from the programme (no third-party anchor)" }, { "id": "sect-digital", "type": "secteur", "titre": "Digital" }, { "id": "exte-digital-platform-externalities", "type": "externalite", "titre": "Digital platform externalities", "secteur": "Digital", "ordre_grandeur": "hundreds of billions", "ancrage": "derived from the programme (no third-party anchor)" }, { "id": "exte-monetary-policy-spillovers", "type": "externalite", "titre": "Monetary policy spillovers", "secteur": "Financial / monetary", "ordre_grandeur": "hundreds of billions", "ancrage": "Yaiche 2025 (§9)" }, { "id": "sect-monetary", "type": "secteur", "titre": "monetary" }, { "id": "exte-global-talent-capture-brain-drain", "type": "externalite", "titre": "Global talent capture (brain drain)", "secteur": "Human", "ordre_grandeur": "hundreds of billions", "ancrage": "derived from the programme (no third-party anchor)" }, { "id": "sect-human", "type": "secteur", "titre": "Human" }, { "id": "exte-plastic-pollution-and-waste", "type": "externalite", "titre": "Plastic pollution and waste", "secteur": "Environment", "ordre_grandeur": "hundreds of billions", "ancrage": "UNEP 2021; OECD 2022" }, { "id": "exte-overfishing-and-ocean-degradation", "type": "externalite", "titre": "Overfishing and ocean degradation", "secteur": "Environment", "ordre_grandeur": "tens to hundreds of billions", "ancrage": "World Bank 2017 (Sunken Billions)" }, { "id": "fonc-measure", "type": "fonction", "titre": "Measure", "exigence": "A single source of quantitative truth, separate from any value judgement and any price", "mandat_negatif": "Does not rate, does not price, does not adjudicate — otherwise measurement bends to the desired outcome" }, { "id": "inst-human-impacts-board", "type": "institution", "titre": "Human Impacts Board", "sigle": "HuIB", "comptable_devant": "Peers, affected parties, methodology committee", "objet_du_compte": "Data, methods, uncertainties", "acteur_comptable": "Scientific direction and authors" }, { "id": "fonc-rate", "type": "fonction", "titre": "Rate", "exigence": "Translate measurement into comparable severity, separately from the facts and from price", "mandat_negatif": "Does not measure (consumes HuIB), sets no price — to rate is not to price" }, { "id": "inst-global-impact-rating-authority", "type": "institution", "titre": "Global Impact Rating Authority", "sigle": "GIRA", "comptable_devant": "Appeals committee, rated actors", "objet_du_compte": "Coefficient, method, consistency", "acteur_comptable": "Rating panel" }, { "id": "fonc-price", "type": "fonction", "titre": "Price", "exigence": "Convert severity into a monetary consequence, separately from rating", "mandat_negatif": "Does not rate, never recomputes a rating, does not collect" }, { "id": "inst-global-financial-equity-authority", "type": "institution", "titre": "Global Financial Equity Authority", "sigle": "GFEA", "comptable_devant": "Audit, contributing parties, Court", "objet_du_compte": "Conversion function and incidence", "acteur_comptable": "Pricing authority" }, { "id": "fonc-adjust-at-borders", "type": "fonction", "titre": "Adjust at borders", "exigence": "Make the consequence enforceable against trade, with no tax doctrine or science of its own", "mandat_negatif": "Sets no fiscal doctrine, produces no science (consumes HuIB and GIRA)" }, { "id": "inst-border-fairness-mechanism", "type": "institution", "titre": "Border Fairness Mechanism", "sigle": "BFM", "comptable_devant": "National authorities, operators, courts", "objet_du_compte": "Base and non-discrimination", "acteur_comptable": "Adjustment administration" }, { "id": "fonc-finance", "type": "fonction", "titre": "Finance", "exigence": "Disburse solidarity from earmarked revenues, without levying tax or producing the measurement", "mandat_negatif": "Neither taxes nor collects, neither measures nor rates — whoever spends does not set what it receives" }, { "id": "inst-global-solidarity-fund", "type": "institution", "titre": "Global Solidarity Fund", "sigle": "GSF", "comptable_devant": "Contributors, beneficiaries, audit", "objet_du_compte": "Allocation decisions and results", "acteur_comptable": "Allocation board" }, { "id": "fonc-certify-democratically", "type": "fonction", "titre": "Certify democratically", "exigence": "Subject digital systems — including those of the architecture — to a certification legitimated by parliaments", "mandat_negatif": "Does not measure, rate, tax or adjudicate, and regulates no trade" }, { "id": "inst-inter-parliamentary-digital-authority", "type": "institution", "titre": "Inter-Parliamentary Digital Authority", "sigle": "IPDA", "comptable_devant": "Member parliaments, the public", "objet_du_compte": "Standards, votes, algorithmic systems", "acteur_comptable": "Assembly and secretariat" }, { "id": "fonc-adjudicate", "type": "fonction", "titre": "Adjudicate", "exigence": "State the law on the acts of the chain, without defining policy or executing", "mandat_negatif": "Defines no policy, executes nothing — “the Court guards the guardians, it does not command them”" }, { "id": "inst-humanity-court", "type": "institution", "titre": "Humanity Court", "sigle": "", "comptable_devant": "Appeal/review mechanisms, rules", "objet_du_compte": "Jurisdiction, reasoning, impartiality", "acteur_comptable": "Judges and Court administration" }, { "id": "clas-s0-incidence-without-net-loss", "type": "classe", "titre": "S0 — Incidence without net loss", "code": "S0", "qualification": "Pecuniary transfer", "a_etablir": "Gains and losses offset each other; no residual distortion", "role_gfea": "No financial consequence; measurement and rating maintained" }, { "id": "clas-s1-remediable-domestic-distortion", "type": "classe", "titre": "S1 — Remediable domestic distortion", "code": "S1", "qualification": "Friction in the recipient", "a_etablir": "An instrument of the integrated framework was available and proportionate", "role_gfea": "No levy on the source; technical and transitional support" }, { "id": "clas-s2-domestic-externality-under-constrained-instrument", "type": "classe", "titre": "S2 — Domestic externality under constrained instruments", "code": "S2", "qualification": "Demand or financial externality", "a_etablir": "Rigidity, policy constraint and non-internalisation", "role_gfea": "Capacity financing, not correction" }, { "id": "clas-s3-inefficient-cross-border-externality", "type": "classe", "titre": "S3 — Inefficient cross-border externality", "code": "S3", "qualification": "Uninternalised global loss", "a_etablir": "At least one Korinek condition failing, and a material corrective gain", "role_gfea": "Correction window" }, { "id": "clas-s4-market-power-or-strategic-conduct", "type": "classe", "titre": "S4 — Market power or strategic conduct", "code": "S4", "qualification": "Terms-of-trade externality", "a_etablir": "The source jurisdiction is not a price-taker, or acts strategically", "role_gfea": "Correction window, after a proportionality test" }, { "id": "clas-s4-bis-value-used-as-negotiating-leverage", "type": "classe", "titre": "S4 bis — Value used as negotiating leverage", "code": "S4bis", "qualification": "An acknowledged value effect, instrumentalised in a negotiation", "a_etablir": "The existence of the negotiation, the instrumental character of the value effect, and the identification of third parties bearing the incidence without being parties to it", "role_gfea": "Finding and publication; correction only if the conditions of S3 or S4 are otherwise met" }, { "id": "clas-s5-distributively-contested-transfer", "type": "classe", "titre": "S5 — Distributively contested transfer", "code": "S5", "qualification": "No net loss demonstrated; incidence deemed inequitable", "a_etablir": "A solidarity rule explicitly adopted and ratified", "role_gfea": "Equity window — never presented as Pigouvian" }, { "id": "clas-s6-legally-wrongful-act", "type": "classe", "titre": "S6 — Legally wrongful act", "code": "S6", "qualification": "Breach of an applicable obligation", "a_etablir": "Obligation, breach, causation, jurisdiction", "role_gfea": "The GFEA quantifies; the Court characterises and orders" }, { "id": "fami-general-theory-of-the-global-accountability-chain", "type": "famille", "titre": "General theory of the Global Accountability Chain", "code": "F1" }, { "id": "fami-interface-governance-and-institutional-design", "type": "famille", "titre": "Interface governance and institutional design", "code": "F2" }, { "id": "fami-anatomy-of-monetary-spillovers", "type": "famille", "titre": "Anatomy of monetary spillovers", "code": "F3" }, { "id": "fami-attribution-non-additivity-and-distributive-tracing", "type": "famille", "titre": "Attribution, non-additivity and distributive tracing", "code": "F4" }, { "id": "fami-empirical-diagnosis-of-global-fragmentation", "type": "famille", "titre": "Empirical diagnosis of global fragmentation", "code": "F5" }, { "id": "fami-ai-data-and-institutional-resilience", "type": "famille", "titre": "AI, data and institutional resilience", "code": "F6" }, { "id": "fami-applications-adoption-and-implementation", "type": "famille", "titre": "Applications, adoption and implementation", "code": "F7" }, { "id": "inno-theory-of-the-three-completenesses-of-accountability", "type": "innovation", "titre": "Theory of the three completenesses of accountability", "numero": 1, "effet": "General completeness criterion: functions, duty-holder–forum relations and procedural continuity.", "statut": "M4 — conceptual lead" }, { "id": "inno-accountability-deficit-towards-affected-parties", "type": "innovation", "titre": "Accountability deficit towards affected parties", "numero": 15, "effet": "Diagnosis of a breakdown in information, representation, adversarial process, reasons or redress.", "statut": "M4 — conceptual lead" }, { "id": "inno-distinction-between-the-theory-of-the-chain-and-its-", "type": "innovation", "titre": "Distinction between the theory of the chain and its 7+3 instantiation", "numero": 16, "effet": "Protects the theoretical core and makes the number of bodies revisable.", "statut": "M5 — conceptual lead" }, { "id": "inno-interface-governance-as-an-autonomous-institutional-", "type": "innovation", "titre": "Interface governance as an autonomous institutional object", "numero": 2, "effet": "Treats the transmission of the case file as a locus of power, information loss and responsibility.", "statut": "M4 — conceptual lead" }, { "id": "inno-rights-grounded-function-first-method", "type": "innovation", "titre": "Rights-grounded, function-first method", "numero": 10, "effet": "Derives the functions from rights and guarantees before choosing institutions.", "statut": "M4 — conceptual lead" }, { "id": "inno-doctrine-of-negative-mandates", "type": "innovation", "titre": "Doctrine of negative mandates", "numero": 11, "effet": "Defines each function by its prohibitions as much as by its powers.", "statut": "M4 — conceptual lead" }, { "id": "inno-s0s6-classification-as-a-routing-mechanism", "type": "innovation", "titre": "S0–S6 classification as a routing mechanism", "numero": 12, "effet": "Separates transfer, vulnerability, efficiency, equity and legal breach before any consequence.", "statut": "M4 — conceptual lead" }, { "id": "inno-stopping-rules-and-the-institutional-right-not-to-co", "type": "innovation", "titre": "Stopping rules and the institutional right not to conclude", "numero": 13, "effet": "Organises uncertainty and prevents the automatic conversion of a weak estimate into a strong decision.", "statut": "M4 — conceptual lead" }, { "id": "inno-separation-of-intentionincidencecausalityequitylaw", "type": "innovation", "titre": "Separation of intention–incidence–causality–equity–law", "numero": 14, "effet": "Provides a common language for economists, lawyers and decision-makers; takes the passion out of attribution.", "statut": "M4 — conceptual lead" }, { "id": "inno-mandatory-comparison-with-lighter-architectures", "type": "innovation", "titre": "Mandatory comparison with lighter architectures", "numero": 17, "effet": "Subjects the 7+3 to the status quo, to minimal protocols and to federated forms.", "statut": "M4 — conceptual lead" }, { "id": "inno-typology-of-epistemic-statuses-and-burdens-of-proof", "type": "innovation", "titre": "Typology of epistemic statuses and burdens of proof", "numero": 19, "effet": "Links each type of claim to a burden of proof and to authorised decisions.", "statut": "M5 — conceptual lead" }, { "id": "inno-anatomy-of-monetary-spillovers-in-fifteen-signed-mec", "type": "innovation", "titre": "Anatomy of monetary spillovers in fifteen signed mechanisms", "numero": 3, "effet": "Turns the aggregate spillover into auditable mechanisms, offsets included.", "statut": "M4 — empirical collaboration" }, { "id": "inno-cumulative-monetary-impact-and-exhaustion-of-buffers", "type": "innovation", "titre": "Cumulative monetary impact and exhaustion of buffers", "numero": 4, "effet": "Links instrument stacking, synchronisation, defensive reactions and fiscal persistence.", "statut": "M3 — empirical collaboration" }, { "id": "inno-multidimensional-shock-vector-with-testable-signatur", "type": "innovation", "titre": "Multidimensional shock vector with testable signatures", "numero": 7, "effet": "Decomposes the source-jurisdiction shock into components with signed predictions and rank conditions.", "statut": "M3 — empirical collaboration" }, { "id": "inno-bounded-partial-attribution-mechanism-by-mechanism", "type": "innovation", "titre": "Bounded partial attribution, mechanism by mechanism", "numero": 5, "effet": "Replaces the single figure with bounds under joint restrictions and a coherent counterfactual.", "statut": "M3 — empirical collaboration" }, { "id": "inno-full-cycle-symmetry-and-distribution-across-agents", "type": "innovation", "titre": "Full-cycle symmetry and distribution across agents", "numero": 6, "effet": "Tracks benefits, exposures and losses from easing to tightening, by agent and over time.", "statut": "M3 — empirical collaboration" }, { "id": "inno-non-additivity-and-allocation-by-primitive-economic-", "type": "innovation", "titre": "Non-additivity and allocation by primitive economic components", "numero": 8, "effet": "Prevents double counting across flows, stocks, valuations, incomes and exposures.", "statut": "M4 — conceptual lead" }, { "id": "inno-distributive-tracing-of-the-100-units-injected", "type": "innovation", "titre": "Distributive tracing of the “100 units injected”", "numero": 9, "effet": "Turns a political intuition into a protocol through non-additive registers and beneficiary ranks.", "statut": "M3 — empirical collaboration" }, { "id": "inno-mapping-of-an-international-system-that-is-dense-but", "type": "innovation", "titre": "Mapping of an international system that is dense but incomplete", "numero": 18, "effet": "Provisionally documents the asymmetry between norms, financing, qualification, consequence and redress.", "statut": "M3 — provisional result" }, { "id": "inno-authority-matrix-for-ai-native-and-human-governed-in", "type": "innovation", "titre": "Authority matrix for AI-native and human-governed institutions", "numero": 20, "effet": "Distinguishes assistance, recommendation, validation and decision; identifies the responsible authority.", "statut": "M4 — conceptual lead" }, { "id": "inno-error-containment-and-degraded-operation-without-ai", "type": "innovation", "titre": "Error containment and degraded operation without AI", "numero": 21, "effet": "Prevents a single technical or supplier failure from becoming an incontestable authority.", "statut": "M4 — conceptual lead" }, { "id": "inno-fast-modes-within-fixed-mandates", "type": "innovation", "titre": "Fast modes within fixed mandates", "numero": 22, "effet": "Accelerates crisis response through pre-commitment, thresholds, expiry and a maintained avenue of redress.", "statut": "M4 — conceptual lead" }, { "id": "inno-gradual-adoption-without-a-coercive-world-government", "type": "innovation", "titre": "Gradual adoption without a coercive world government", "numero": 23, "effet": "Organises a modular, consented, reversible trajectory conditional on the results of the pilot.", "statut": "M4 — pilot / policy" }, { "id": "inno-actionability-layer-for-development-financing", "type": "innovation", "titre": "Actionability layer for development financing", "numero": 24, "effet": "Turns announced amounts into a passport, decision gates, useful flows and a corrective loop.", "statut": "M4 — pilot / policy" }, { "id": "inno-accountability-as-infrastructure-for-preventive-peac", "type": "innovation", "titre": "Accountability as infrastructure for preventive peace", "numero": 25, "effet": "Tests whether visibility, adversarial process, reason-giving and correction of grievances can reduce certain escalation mechanisms.", "statut": "M3 — exploratory extension" }, { "id": "meca-additional-exchange-rate-cost-on-debt-service-cash-f", "type": "mecanisme", "titre": "Additional exchange-rate cost on debt service (cash flow)", "code": "A1", "transmission": "Tightening → stronger reserve currencies → local depreciation → more local currency required for each unit of foreign-currency debt service actually paid", "effet": "Negative — cash flow", "numero": "9.1", "page": "chapitre-9" }, { "id": "meca-additional-floating-rate-interest-cost", "type": "mecanisme", "titre": "Additional floating-rate interest cost", "code": "A2", "transmission": "Reference rates (SOFR, Euribor) rise → the floating-rate tranche of external debt reprices automatically", "effet": "Negative — cash flow", "numero": "9.1", "page": "chapitre-9" }, { "id": "meca-refinancing-risk-free-curve", "type": "mecanisme", "titre": "Refinancing — risk-free curve", "code": "A3", "transmission": "Each new issue or rollover is priced off a higher risk-free curve", "effet": "Negative — cash flow", "numero": "9.1", "page": "chapitre-9" }, { "id": "meca-refinancing-global-emerging-market-spread", "type": "mecanisme", "titre": "Refinancing — global emerging-market spread", "code": "A4", "transmission": "Global risk aversion widens emerging-market spreads indiscriminately, irrespective of the country’s fundamentals", "effet": "Negative — cash flow", "numero": "9.1", "page": "chapitre-9" }, { "id": "meca-refinancing-idiosyncratic-premium", "type": "mecanisme", "titre": "Refinancing — idiosyncratic premium", "code": "A5", "transmission": "The country-specific premium (programme status, ratings, politics)", "effet": "Negative — cash flow", "numero": "9.1", "page": "chapitre-9" }, { "id": "meca-cost-of-carrying-reserves", "type": "mecanisme", "titre": "Cost of carrying reserves", "code": "A6", "transmission": "Reserves yield less than the rising cost of domestic funding — the negative carry widens", "effet": "Negative — cash flow", "numero": "9.1", "page": "chapitre-9" }, { "id": "meca-domestic-crowding-out", "type": "mecanisme", "titre": "Domestic crowding-out", "code": "A7", "transmission": "Imported tightening compels the domestic central bank to raise its own policy rate → domestic debt service rises", "effet": "Negative — cash flow", "numero": "9.1", "page": "chapitre-9" }, { "id": "meca-imported-cereal-price-shock", "type": "mecanisme", "titre": "Imported cereal-price shock", "code": "B1", "transmission": "World cereal prices surge under supply shocks", "effet": "Negative — imported prices", "numero": "9.1", "page": "chapitre-9" }, { "id": "meca-imported-energy-price-shock", "type": "mecanisme", "titre": "Imported energy-price shock", "code": "B2", "transmission": "World energy prices deepen the energy deficit", "effet": "Negative — imported prices", "numero": "9.1", "page": "chapitre-9" }, { "id": "meca-drag-on-export-demand", "type": "mecanisme", "titre": "Drag on export demand", "code": "C1", "transmission": "Tightening slows the main trading partner’s economy → export orders fall", "effet": "Negative — real economy", "numero": "9.1", "page": "chapitre-9" }, { "id": "meca-drag-on-fdi-and-financing", "type": "mecanisme", "titre": "Drag on FDI and financing", "code": "C2", "transmission": "Risk aversion delays or reduces inward investment", "effet": "Negative — real economy", "numero": "9.1", "page": "chapitre-9" }, { "id": "meca-tourism-buffer-negative-sign", "type": "mecanisme", "titre": "Tourism (buffer, negative sign)", "code": "C3", "transmission": "Tightening at the centre compresses the income of its residents, who travel less, and the recipient country’s tourism receipts fall", "effet": "Negative (real economy)", "numero": "9.1", "page": "chapitre-9" }, { "id": "meca-return-on-reserves-gain", "type": "mecanisme", "titre": "Return on reserves (gain)", "code": "O1", "transmission": "Reserves invested at the higher policy rates yield more — a genuine offset, deducted once only", "effet": "Positive — offset", "numero": "9.1", "page": "chapitre-9" }, { "id": "meca-revaluation-of-diaspora-remittances-gain", "type": "mecanisme", "titre": "Revaluation of diaspora remittances (gain)", "code": "O2", "transmission": "Depreciation raises the local-currency value of remittances", "effet": "Positive — offset", "numero": "9.1", "page": "chapitre-9" }, { "id": "meca-ebb-in-world-prices-gain", "type": "mecanisme", "titre": "Ebb in world prices (gain)", "code": "O3", "transmission": "End-of-cycle easing in energy and food prices", "effet": "Positive — offset", "numero": "9.1", "page": "chapitre-9" }, { "id": "meca-memo-item-exchange-rate-revaluation-of-the-debt-stoc", "type": "mecanisme", "titre": "Memo item: exchange-rate revaluation of the debt stock", "code": "—", "transmission": "Balance-sheet revaluation of the entire external debt stock — presented separately, never added to cash flows", "effet": "Neutral — balance-sheet item, memo", "numero": "9.1", "page": "chapitre-9" }, { "id": "sect-executive-summary", "type": "section", "titre": "Executive Summary", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 414 }, { "id": "sect-1-the-strategic-problem", "type": "section", "titre": "1 The strategic problem", "numero": "1", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 417 }, { "id": "sect-2-the-diagnosis", "type": "section", "titre": "2 The diagnosis", "numero": "2", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 420 }, { "id": "sect-3-the-central-proposal", "type": "section", "titre": "3 The central proposal", "numero": "3", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 423 }, { "id": "sect-4-the-7-3-what-it-is-and-what-it-is-not", "type": "section", "titre": "4 The 7+3: what it is and what it is not", "numero": "4", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 426 }, { "id": "sect-5-a-two-loop-architecture", "type": "section", "titre": "5 A two-loop architecture", "numero": "5", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 429 }, { "id": "sect-6-the-monetary-programme", "type": "section", "titre": "6 The monetary programme", "numero": "6", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 432 }, { "id": "sect-7-the-other-applications", "type": "section", "titre": "7 The other applications", "numero": "7", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 436 }, { "id": "sect-8-artificial-intelligence-data-and-crisis", "type": "section", "titre": "8 Artificial intelligence, data and crisis", "numero": "8", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 440 }, { "id": "sect-9-what-can-be-asserted-now", "type": "section", "titre": "9 What can be asserted now", "numero": "9", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 443 }, { "id": "sect-10-what-must-not-yet-be-asserted", "type": "section", "titre": "10 What must not yet be asserted", "numero": "10", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 447 }, { "id": "sect-11-recommended-programme-of-action", "type": "section", "titre": "11 Recommended programme of action", "numero": "11", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 450 }, { "id": "sect-decision-table-status-of-the-main-proposals", "type": "section", "titre": "Decision table — status of the main proposals", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 453 }, { "id": "sect-executive-conclusion", "type": "section", "titre": "Executive conclusion", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 456 }, { "id": "sect-extended-abstract", "type": "section", "titre": "Extended abstract", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 458 }, { "id": "sect-the-argument-in-one-page", "type": "section", "titre": "The argument in one page", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 478 }, { "id": "sect-diagram-of-the-accountability-chain", "type": "section", "titre": "Diagram of the accountability chain", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 488 }, { "id": "sect-the-map-of-the-system-how-the-pieces-fit-together", "type": "section", "titre": "The map of the system — how the pieces fit together", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 493 }, { "id": "sect-the-five-levels-not-to-be-confused", "type": "section", "titre": "The five levels not to be confused", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 495 }, { "id": "sect-the-three-keys-the-misreadings-to-avoid", "type": "section", "titre": "The three keys — the misreadings to avoid", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 497 }, { "id": "sect-the-map-table-each-object-what-it-presupposes-what-i", "type": "section", "titre": "The map-table — each object, what it presupposes, what it feeds", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 501 }, { "id": "sect-the-status-of-claims", "type": "section", "titre": "The status of claims", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 502 }, { "id": "sect-reading-pathways", "type": "section", "titre": "Reading pathways", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 504 }, { "id": "sect-acronyms-terms-and-conventions", "type": "section", "titre": "Acronyms, terms and conventions", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 506 }, { "id": "sect-1-introduction", "type": "section", "titre": "1 Introduction", "numero": "1", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 548 }, { "id": "sect-1-1-territorial-decisions-networked-effects", "type": "section", "titre": "1.1 Territorial decisions, networked effects", "numero": "1.1", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 549 }, { "id": "sect-1-2-the-problem-is-not-primarily-moral-it-is-institu", "type": "section", "titre": "1.2 The problem is not primarily moral: it is institutional", "numero": "1.2", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 552 }, { "id": "sect-1-3-the-global-accountability-deficit", "type": "section", "titre": "1.3 The global accountability deficit", "numero": "1.3", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 556 }, { "id": "sect-1-4-the-theoretical-contribution-three-completenesse", "type": "section", "titre": "1.4 The theoretical contribution: three completenesses", "numero": "1.4", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 559 }, { "id": "sect-1-5-two-loops-responding-and-preventing", "type": "section", "titre": "1.5 Two loops: responding and preventing", "numero": "1.5", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 562 }, { "id": "sect-1-6-functions-before-institutions", "type": "section", "titre": "1.6 Functions before institutions", "numero": "1.6", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 566 }, { "id": "sect-1-7-negative-mandates-stopping-rules-and-routing", "type": "section", "titre": "1.7 Negative mandates, stopping rules and routing", "numero": "1.7", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 569 }, { "id": "sect-1-8-the-monetary-programme-as-a-methodological-labor", "type": "section", "titre": "1.8 The monetary programme as a methodological laboratory", "numero": "1.8", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 573 }, { "id": "sect-1-9-research-questions", "type": "section", "titre": "1.9 Research questions", "numero": "1.9", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 577 }, { "id": "sect-1-10-method-evidential-statuses-and-materials", "type": "section", "titre": "1.10 Method, evidential statuses and materials", "numero": "1.10", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 579 }, { "id": "sect-1-11-the-twenty-five-axes-of-differentiation", "type": "section", "titre": "1.11 The twenty-five axes of differentiation", "numero": "1.11", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 585 }, { "id": "sect-1-12-scope-and-non-claims", "type": "section", "titre": "1.12 Scope and non-claims", "numero": "1.12", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 596 }, { "id": "sect-1-13-organisation-of-the-present-work", "type": "section", "titre": "1.13 Organisation of the present work", "numero": "1.13", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 599 }, { "id": "sect-2-the-accountability-deficit", "type": "section", "titre": "2 The accountability deficit", "numero": "2", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 602 }, { "id": "sect-2-1-a-practitioners-vignette", "type": "section", "titre": "2.1 A practitioner’s vignette", "numero": "2.1", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 604 }, { "id": "sect-2-2-invisible-externalities-a-definition", "type": "section", "titre": "2.2 Invisible externalities, a definition", "numero": "2.2", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 607 }, { "id": "sect-2-1-1-boundary-conditions-and-exclusions", "type": "section", "titre": "2.1.1 Boundary conditions and exclusions.", "numero": "2.1.1", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 614 }, { "id": "sect-2-3-modes-and-sectors-a-working-taxonomy", "type": "section", "titre": "2.3 Modes and sectors: a working taxonomy", "numero": "2.3", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 617 }, { "id": "sect-2-4-orders-of-magnitude", "type": "section", "titre": "2.4 Orders of magnitude", "numero": "2.4", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 623 }, { "id": "sect-2-5-the-deficit-stated", "type": "section", "titre": "2.5 The deficit, stated", "numero": "2.5", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 632 }, { "id": "sect-2-6-two-rival-explanations-of-the-deficit-and-how-to", "type": "section", "titre": "2.6 Two rival explanations of the deficit — and how to decide between them", "numero": "2.6", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 647 }, { "id": "sect-2-7-the-power-objection-tested-against-the-century", "type": "section", "titre": "2.7 The power objection tested against the century", "numero": "2.7", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 656 }, { "id": "sect-3-a-dense-international-system-that-stops-along-the-", "type": "section", "titre": "3 A dense international system that stops along the way", "numero": "3", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 663 }, { "id": "sect-3-1-the-united-nations-level-a-diagnosis-without-mea", "type": "section", "titre": "3.1 The United Nations level: a diagnosis without means of constraint", "numero": "3.1", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 664 }, { "id": "sect-3-1-1-how-does-an-international-norm-become-legally-", "type": "section", "titre": "3.1.1 How does an international norm become legally binding?", "numero": "3.1.1", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 694 }, { "id": "sect-3-2-the-instrument-level-one-link-each", "type": "section", "titre": "3.2 The instrument level: one link each", "numero": "3.2", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 708 }, { "id": "sect-3-3-the-financing-level-sevilla-mapped", "type": "section", "titre": "3.3 The financing level: Sevilla, mapped", "numero": "3.3", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 715 }, { "id": "sect-3-4-mapping-protocol-time-stamping-and-rules-of-lega", "type": "section", "titre": "3.4 Mapping protocol, time-stamping and rules of legal status", "numero": "3.4", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 730 }, { "id": "sect-3-5-reconciliation-of-the-129-profile-and-the-coding", "type": "section", "titre": "3.5 Reconciliation of the 129 profile and the coding of the 130", "numero": "3.5", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 732 }, { "id": "sect-3-6-robustness-of-the-diagnosis-to-the-coding-grid", "type": "section", "titre": "3.6 Robustness of the diagnosis to the coding grid", "numero": "3.6", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 741 }, { "id": "sect-4-the-theory-of-chain-based-accountability-origins-a", "type": "section", "titre": "4 The theory of chain-based accountability: origins and design principles", "numero": "4", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 750 }, { "id": "sect-4-1-origins-of-the-framework", "type": "section", "titre": "4.1 Origins of the framework", "numero": "4.1", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 751 }, { "id": "sect-4-1-1-from-convictions-to-principles", "type": "section", "titre": "4.1.1 From convictions to principles.", "numero": "4.1.1", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 757 }, { "id": "sect-4-1-2-positioning-within-the-neighbouring-literature", "type": "section", "titre": "4.1.2 Positioning within the neighbouring literatures and the contribution proper", "numero": "4.1.2", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 762 }, { "id": "sect-4-2-nine-design-principles", "type": "section", "titre": "4.2 Nine design principles", "numero": "4.2", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 770 }, { "id": "sect-4-3-design-requirements-and-alternative-architecture", "type": "section", "titre": "4.3 Design requirements and alternative architectures", "numero": "4.3", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 780 }, { "id": "sect-4-3-1-test-of-exhaustiveness-inclusion-and-fusion-of", "type": "section", "titre": "4.3.1 Test of exhaustiveness, inclusion and fusion of functions", "numero": "4.3.1", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 785 }, { "id": "sect-4-4-selection-rule-and-refutability", "type": "section", "titre": "4.4 Selection rule and refutability", "numero": "4.4", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 790 }, { "id": "sect-4-5-qualitative-comparison-of-the-candidate-architec", "type": "section", "titre": "4.5 Qualitative comparison of the candidate architectures", "numero": "4.5", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 795 }, { "id": "sect-4-6-the-governance-choice-criterion-transaction-cost", "type": "section", "titre": "4.6 The governance choice criterion: transaction costs, human costs and the counterfactual", "numero": "4.6", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 799 }, { "id": "sect-4-7-from-the-chain-to-the-institutions-the-design-re", "type": "section", "titre": "4.7 From the chain to the institutions: the design requirements and their institutional response", "numero": "4.7", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 808 }, { "id": "sect-5-seven-functions-not-necessarily-seven-new-institut", "type": "section", "titre": "5 Seven functions, not necessarily seven new institutions", "numero": "5", "niveau_titre": 1, 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false, "liminaire": false, "para": 868 }, { "id": "sect-5-4-1-debtor-enforcement-and-immunity", "type": "section", "titre": "5.4.1 Debtor, enforcement and immunity", "numero": "5.4.1", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 888 }, { "id": "sect-5-5-border-fairness-mechanism-the-adjustment-layer", "type": "section", "titre": "5.5 Border Fairness Mechanism — the adjustment layer", "numero": "5.5", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 895 }, { "id": "sect-5-6-global-solidarity-fund-gsf-the-financing-layer", "type": "section", "titre": "5.6 Global Solidarity Fund (GSF) — the financing layer", "numero": "5.6", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 917 }, { "id": "sect-5-7-democratic-certification-of-digital-systems-ipda", "type": "section", "titre": "5.7 Democratic certification of digital systems — IPDA as candidate host", "numero": "5.7", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 928 }, { "id": "sect-5-7-1-algorithmic-assurance-beyond-human-sign-off", "type": "section", "titre": "5.7.1 Algorithmic assurance beyond human sign-off.", "numero": "5.7.1", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 939 }, { "id": "sect-5-8-humanity-court-the-adjudicative-layer", "type": "section", "titre": "5.8 Humanity Court — the adjudicative layer", "numero": "5.8", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 945 }, { "id": "sect-5-8-1-from-primary-obligation-to-full-reparation-the", "type": "section", "titre": "5.8.1 From primary obligation to full reparation: the scope of the 2025 climate advisory opinion", "numero": "5.8.1", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 953 }, { "id": "sect-5-9-the-architecture-as-a-chain-the-interfaces-betwe", "type": "section", "titre": "5.9 The architecture as a chain: the interfaces between the seven", "numero": "5.9", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 972 }, { "id": "sect-5-10-who-pays-the-rated-never-pays-the-rater", "type": "section", "titre": "5.10 Who pays: the rated never pays the rater", "numero": "5.10", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 982 }, { "id": "sect-6-the-legal-normative-and-civic-system", "type": "section", "titre": "6 The legal, normative and civic system", "numero": "6", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 987 }, { "id": "sect-6-1-carthage-charter-the-normative-foundation", "type": "section", "titre": "6.1 Carthage Charter — the normative foundation", "numero": "6.1", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 989 }, { "id": "sect-6-1-1-the-charters-fifteen-operational-commitments", "type": "section", "titre": "6.1.1 The Charter’s fifteen operational commitments", "numero": "6.1.1", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 991 }, { "id": "sect-6-2-global-accountability-framework-the-operational-", "type": "section", "titre": "6.2 Global Accountability Framework — the operational framework", "numero": "6.2", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1008 }, { "id": "sect-6-2-1-the-solidarity-clause", "type": "section", "titre": "6.2.1 The solidarity clause", "numero": "6.2.1", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1010 }, { "id": "sect-6-3-call-of-carthage-the-civic-and-participatory-mec", "type": "section", "titre": "6.3 Call of Carthage — the civic and participatory mechanism", "numero": "6.3", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1013 }, { "id": "sect-6-3-1-four-channels-and-the-referral-regime", "type": "section", "titre": "6.3.1 Four channels and the referral regime", "numero": "6.3.1", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1015 }, { "id": "sect-6-4-hierarchy-adoption-and-legal-effects", "type": "section", "titre": "6.4 Hierarchy, adoption and legal effects", "numero": "6.4", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1028 }, { "id": "sect-6-5-conflict-rules-and-amendment-procedure", "type": "section", "titre": "6.5 Conflict rules and amendment procedure", "numero": "6.5", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1033 }, { "id": "sect-6-6-collision-rules-between-rights-principles-and-in", "type": "section", "titre": "6.6 Collision rules between rights, principles and interests", "numero": "6.6", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1036 }, { "id": "sect-7-institutions-equipped-with-ai-governed-by-humans", "type": "section", "titre": "7 Institutions equipped with AI, governed by humans", "numero": "7", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1041 }, { "id": "sect-7-1-assurance-cost-and-degraded-operation", "type": "section", "titre": "7.1 Assurance, cost and degraded operation", "numero": "7.1", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1052 }, { "id": "sect-7-2-threat-model-and-non-propagation-controls", "type": "section", "titre": "7.2 Threat model and non-propagation controls", "numero": "7.2", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1054 }, { "id": "sect-7-3-authority-matrix-beyond-the-human-in-the-loop", "type": "section", "titre": "7.3 Authority matrix: beyond the “human in the loop”", "numero": "7.3", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1056 }, { "id": "sect-7-4-data-governance-matrix", "type": "section", "titre": "7.4 Data governance matrix", "numero": "7.4", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1058 }, { "id": "sect-7-5-building-the-seven-institutions-with-ai-and-the-", "type": "section", "titre": "7.5 Building the seven institutions with AI — and the safeguards above the build", "numero": "7.5", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1063 }, { "id": "sect-8-the-integrated-demonstrator-an-ai-data-centre", "type": 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"niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1106 }, { "id": "sect-8-5-gfea-bfm-and-gsf-consequence-adjustment-and-fina", "type": "section", "titre": "8.5 GFEA, BFM and GSF: consequence, adjustment and financing", "numero": "8.5", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1110 }, { "id": "sect-8-6-ipda-certifying-the-pipeline-that-measures-ai", "type": "section", "titre": "8.6 IPDA: certifying the pipeline that measures AI", "numero": "8.6", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1116 }, { "id": "sect-8-7-the-case-file-passing-through-the-seven-institut", "type": "section", "titre": "8.7 The case file passing through the seven institutions", "numero": "8.7", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1120 }, { "id": "sect-8-8-humanity-court-three-simulated-challenges", "type": "section", "titre": "8.8 Humanity Court: three simulated challenges", "numero": "8.8", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1124 }, { "id": "sect-8-9-the-three-instruments-in-the-case", "type": "section", "titre": "8.9 The three instruments in the case", "numero": "8.9", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1128 }, { "id": "sect-8-10-competing-architectures-and-the-selection-rule", "type": "section", "titre": "8.10 Competing architectures and the selection rule", "numero": "8.10", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1132 }, { "id": "sect-8-11-results-limits-and-the-move-to-a-pilot", "type": "section", "titre": "8.11 Results, limits and the move to a pilot", "numero": "8.11", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1141 }, { "id": "sect-9-monetary-spillovers-from-incidence-to-bounded-attr", "type": "section", "titre": "9 Monetary spillovers: from incidence to bounded attribution", "numero": "9", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1147 }, { "id": "sect-9-1-four-families-fifteen-mechanisms", "type": "section", "titre": "9.1 Four families, fifteen mechanisms", "numero": "9.1", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1151 }, { "id": "sect-9-2-the-discipline-of-attribution", "type": "section", "titre": "9.2 The discipline of attribution", "numero": "9.2", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1160 }, { "id": "sect-9-3-orders-of-magnitude-at-three-scales", "type": "section", "titre": "9.3 Orders of magnitude, at three scales", "numero": "9.3", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1172 }, { "id": "sect-9-4-what-the-architecture-would-do-in-the-face-of-a-", "type": "section", "titre": "9.4 What the architecture would do in the face of a spillover effect", "numero": "9.4", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1184 }, { "id": "sect-9-4-1-the-traversing-case-file-anatomy-of-an-allocat", "type": "section", "titre": "9.4.1 The traversing 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"titre": "10.10 Financing: moving from announced amounts to useful flows", "numero": "10.10", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1335 }, { "id": "sect-10-11-data-governance-and-artificial-intelligence", "type": "section", "titre": "10.11 Data governance and artificial intelligence", "numero": "10.11", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1339 }, { "id": "sect-10-12-dashboard-few-indicators-several-registers", "type": "section", "titre": "10.12 Dashboard: few indicators, several registers", "numero": "10.12", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1349 }, { "id": "sect-10-13-correction-loop-what-happens-when-an-initiativ", "type": "section", "titre": "10.13 Correction loop: what happens when an initiative drifts", "numero": "10.13", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1352 }, { "id": "sect-10-14-federated-governance-making-visible-without-ce", "type": "section", "titre": "10.14 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Criteria for success, simplification and rejection", "numero": "10.18", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1369 }, { "id": "sect-10-19-proposed-road-map", "type": "section", "titre": "10.19 Proposed road map", "numero": "10.19", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1375 }, { "id": "sect-10-20-decision-conclusion", "type": "section", "titre": "10.20 Decision conclusion", "numero": "10.20", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1382 }, { "id": "sect-11-preventive-peace-and-resilience-in-the-face-of-cr", "type": "section", "titre": "11 Preventive peace and resilience in the face of crises", "numero": "11", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1385 }, { "id": "sect-11-1-executive-summary", "type": "section", "titre": "11.1 Executive summary", "numero": "11.1", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1387 }, { "id": "sect-11-2-purpose-scope-and-status-of-the-proposal", "type": "section", "titre": "11.2 Purpose, scope and status of the proposal", "numero": "11.2", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1391 }, { "id": "sect-11-3-from-peace-as-the-absence-of-violence-to-peace-", "type": "section", "titre": "11.3 From peace as the absence of violence to peace as institutional capacity", "numero": "11.3", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1396 }, { "id": "sect-11-4-theory-of-change-from-the-ungoverned-grievance-", "type": "section", "titre": "11.4 Theory of change: from the ungoverned grievance to escalation, then to de-escalation", "numero": "11.4", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1400 }, { "id": "sect-11-5-the-seven-functions-as-capacities-for-peace", "type": "section", "titre": "11.5 The seven functions as capacities for peace", "numero": "11.5", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1404 }, { "id": "sect-11-6-the-three-instruments-and-pacifying-legitimacy", "type": "section", "titre": "11.6 The three instruments and pacifying legitimacy", "numero": "11.6", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1406 }, { "id": "sect-11-7-a-preventive-peace-protocol-based-on-the-chain", "type": "section", "titre": "11.7 A preventive-peace protocol based on the chain", "numero": "11.7", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1412 }, { "id": "sect-11-8-articulation-with-existing-peace-infrastructure", "type": "section", "titre": "11.8 Articulation with existing peace infrastructures", "numero": "11.8", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1415 }, { "id": "sect-11-9-three-families-of-peace-oriented-demonstrators", "type": "section", "titre": "11.9 Three families of peace-oriented demonstrators", "numero": "11.9", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1418 }, { "id": "sect-11-9-1-monetary-shock-fiscal-space-and-social-tensio", "type": "section", "titre": "11.9.1 Monetary shock, fiscal space and social tensions", "numero": "11.9.1", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1420 }, { "id": "sect-11-9-2-cross-border-resource-water-energy-or-polluti", "type": "section", "titre": "11.9.2 Cross-border resource: water, energy or pollution", "numero": "11.9.2", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1422 }, { "id": "sect-11-9-3-digital-infrastructure-information-and-trust", "type": "section", "titre": "11.9.3 Digital infrastructure, information and trust", "numero": "11.9.3", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1424 }, { "id": "sect-11-10-safeguards-against-the-conflict-generating-eff", "type": "section", "titre": "11.10 Safeguards against the conflict-generating effects of the architecture", "numero": "11.10", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1426 }, { "id": "sect-11-11-evaluation-framework-how-to-know-whether-the-c", "type": "section", "titre": "11.11 Evaluation framework: how to know whether the chain really contributes to peace", "numero": "11.11", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1428 }, { "id": "sect-11-12-proposed-pilot-peace-accountability-track", "type": "section", "titre": "11.12 Proposed pilot: Peace Accountability Track", "numero": "11.12", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1431 }, { "id": "sect-11-13-antithesis-limits-and-criteria-for-rejection", "type": "section", "titre": "11.13 Antithesis, limits and criteria for rejection", "numero": "11.13", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1440 }, { "id": "sect-11-14-decision-conclusion", "type": "section", "titre": "11.14 Decision conclusion", "numero": "11.14", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1451 }, { "id": "sect-11-15-resilience-and-crisis-response-rapid-modes-wit", "type": "section", "titre": "11.15 Resilience and crisis response: rapid modes within fixed mandates", "numero": "11.15", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1454 }, { "id": "sect-11-16-the-cost-of-the-crisis-to-come", "type": "section", "titre": "11.16 The cost of the crisis to come", "numero": "11.16", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1456 }, { "id": "sect-11-16-1-cost-discipline", "type": "section", "titre": "11.16.1 Cost discipline.", "numero": "11.16.1", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1460 }, { "id": "sect-11-17-rapid-modes-within-fixed-mandates", "type": "section", "titre": "11.17 Rapid modes within fixed mandates", "numero": "11.17", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1462 }, { "id": "sect-12-the-political-economy-of-adoption", "type": "section", "titre": "12 The political economy of adoption", "numero": "12", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1471 }, { "id": "sect-12-1-legal-feasibility-scale", "type": "section", "titre": "12.1 Legal feasibility scale", "numero": "12.1", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1477 }, { "id": "sect-12-1-1-legal-mapping-competence-and-effectiveness", "type": "section", "titre": "12.1.1 Legal mapping, competence and effectiveness", "numero": "12.1.1", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1479 }, { "id": "sect-12-2-political-economy-of-adoption", "type": "section", "titre": "12.2 Political economy of adoption", "numero": "12.2", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1484 }, { "id": "sect-12-3-producing-and-disciplining-political-will", "type": "section", "titre": "12.3 Producing and disciplining political will", "numero": "12.3", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1492 }, { "id": "sect-12-3-1-first-mover-theory-and-minimal-coalition", "type": "section", "titre": "12.3.1 First-mover theory and minimal coalition", "numero": "12.3.1", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1505 }, { "id": "sect-12-3-2-veto-map-incentives-and-failure-criteria", "type": "section", "titre": "12.3.2 Veto map, incentives and failure criteria", "numero": "12.3.2", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1510 }, { "id": "sect-12-4-legitimacy-representation-and-withdrawal", "type": "section", "titre": "12.4 Legitimacy, representation and withdrawal", "numero": "12.4", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1512 }, { "id": "sect-12-4-1-dual-channel-of-representation", "type": "section", "titre": "12.4.1 Dual channel of representation", "numero": "12.4.1", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1517 }, { "id": "sect-12-5-minimum-viable-pilot", "type": "section", "titre": "12.5 Minimum viable pilot", "numero": "12.5", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1521 }, { "id": "sect-12-5-1-comparator-pre-registration-and-adversarial-t", "type": "section", "titre": "12.5.1 Comparator, pre-registration and adversarial team", "numero": "12.5.1", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1536 }, { "id": "sect-12-6-transition-and-capacities-a-graded-and-framed-t", "type": "section", "titre": "12.6 Transition and capacities: a graded and framed trajectory", "numero": "12.6", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1541 }, { "id": "sect-12-7-from-the-work-to-institutional-approval-the-uni", "type": "section", "titre": "12.7 From the work to institutional approval: the United Nations sequence", "numero": "12.7", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1543 }, { "id": "sect-12-7-1-approval-is-not-a-single-act", "type": "section", "titre": "12.7.1 Approval is not a single act", "numero": "12.7.1", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1546 }, { "id": "sect-12-7-2-building-on-the-commissions-of-2009-and-2025-", "type": "section", "titre": "12.7.2 Building on the commissions of 2009 and 2025 without redoing them", "numero": "12.7.2", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1551 }, { "id": "sect-12-7-3-a-chain-of-forums-rather-than-a-single-forum", "type": "section", "titre": "12.7.3 A chain of forums rather than a single forum", "numero": "12.7.3", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1554 }, { "id": "sect-12-7-4-the-content-of-the-first-resolution", "type": "section", "titre": "12.7.4 The content of the first resolution", "numero": "12.7.4", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1557 }, { "id": "sect-12-7-5-a-six-phase-trajectory", "type": "section", "titre": "12.7.5 A six-phase trajectory", "numero": "12.7.5", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1561 }, { "id": "sect-12-7-6-coalition-intellectual-property-and-political", "type": "section", "titre": "12.7.6 Coalition, intellectual property and political ownership", "numero": "12.7.6", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1567 }, { "id": "sect-12-7-7-antithesis-can-approval-neutralise-the-propos", "type": "section", "titre": "12.7.7 Antithesis: can approval neutralise the proposal?", "numero": "12.7.7", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1569 }, { "id": "sect-12-7-8-criteria-of-passage-suspension-and-rejection", "type": "section", "titre": "12.7.8 Criteria of passage, suspension and rejection", "numero": "12.7.8", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1571 }, { "id": "sect-12-7-9-decision-conclusion", "type": "section", "titre": "12.7.9 Decision conclusion", "numero": "12.7.9", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1573 }, { "id": "sect-13-stress-tests-objections-and-the-cost-of-the-archi", "type": "section", "titre": "13 Stress tests, objections and the cost of the architecture", "numero": "13", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1575 }, { "id": "sect-13-1-design-tensions-and-resolutions", "type": "section", "titre": "13.1 Design tensions and resolutions", "numero": "13.1", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1577 }, { "id": "sect-13-1-1-can-fragmentation-protect", "type": "section", "titre": "13.1.1 Can fragmentation protect?", "numero": "13.1.1", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1578 }, { "id": "sect-13-2-objections-and-responses", "type": "section", "titre": "13.2 Objections and responses", "numero": "13.2", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1593 }, { "id": "sect-13-3-the-cost-of-inaction", "type": "section", "titre": "13.3 The cost of inaction", "numero": "13.3", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1625 }, { "id": "sect-14-limits-refutability-and-research-programme", "type": "section", "titre": "14 Limits, refutability and research programme", "numero": "14", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1635 }, { "id": "sect-14-1-the-sixteen-limits-and-their-research-fronts", "type": "section", "titre": "14.1 The sixteen limits and their research fronts", "numero": "14.1", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1637 }, { "id": "sect-14-1-1-minimal-external-validation-package", "type": "section", "titre": "14.1.1 Minimal external validation package", "numero": "14.1.1", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1666 }, { "id": "sect-14-2-headwinds-accepted", "type": "section", "titre": "14.2 Headwinds accepted", "numero": "14.2", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1672 }, { "id": "sect-15-from-corrective-accountability-to-anticipatory-ac", "type": "section", "titre": "15 From corrective accountability to anticipatory accountability: the prevention loop", "numero": "15", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1674 }, { "id": "sect-15-1-two-temporalities-one-and-the-same-accountabili", "type": "section", "titre": "15.1 Two temporalities, one and the same accountability", "numero": "15.1", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1678 }, { "id": "sect-15-2-preventive-accountability", "type": "section", "titre": "15.2 Preventive accountability", "numero": "15.2", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1682 }, { "id": "sect-15-3-the-seven-operations-of-the-preventive-loop", "type": "section", "titre": "15.3 The seven operations of the preventive loop", "numero": "15.3", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1686 }, { "id": "sect-15-4-articulation-with-the-principal-chain", "type": "section", "titre": "15.4 Articulation with the principal chain", "numero": "15.4", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1694 }, { "id": "sect-15-5-preventing-without-governing-by-forecast", "type": "section", "titre": "15.5 Preventing without governing by forecast", "numero": "15.5", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1700 }, { "id": "sect-15-6-illustration-the-monetary-cascade-alert", "type": "section", "titre": "15.6 Illustration: the monetary cascade alert", "numero": "15.6", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1702 }, { "id": "sect-15-7-objection-limit-and-refutability", "type": "section", "titre": "15.7 Objection, limit and refutability", "numero": "15.7", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1706 }, { "id": "sect-15-8-foundations-and-specific-contribution", "type": "section", "titre": "15.8 Foundations and specific contribution", "numero": "15.8", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1712 }, { "id": "sect-conclusion-from-moral-aspiration-to-structural-respo", "type": "section", "titre": "Conclusion — From moral aspiration to structural responsibility", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 1718 }, { "id": "sect-1-from-the-displaced-effect-to-institutional-respons", "type": "section", "titre": "1 From the displaced effect to institutional responsibility", "numero": "1", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1719 }, { "id": "sect-2-the-theoretical-contribution-that-must-outlive-the", "type": "section", "titre": "2 The theoretical contribution that must outlive the organisation chart", "numero": "2", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1722 }, { "id": "sect-3-the-safeguards-negative-mandates-routing-and-stopp", "type": "section", "titre": "3 The safeguards: negative mandates, routing and stopping", "numero": "3", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1725 }, { "id": "sect-4-the-monetary-programme-a-research-infrastructure-n", "type": "section", "titre": "4 The monetary programme: a research infrastructure, not yet a verdict", "numero": "4", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1728 }, { "id": "sect-5-prevention-shifting-accountability-upstream-withou", "type": "section", "titre": "5 Prevention: shifting accountability upstream without governing by forecast", "numero": "5", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1731 }, { "id": "sect-6-artificial-intelligence-and-resilience-using-and-c", "type": "section", "titre": "6 Artificial intelligence and resilience: using and constraining", "numero": "6", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1734 }, { "id": "sect-7-development-and-peace-distinct-applications-distin", "type": "section", "titre": "7 Development and peace: distinct applications, distinct statuses", "numero": "7", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1737 }, { "id": "sect-8-law-consent-and-the-limits-of-power", "type": "section", "titre": "8 Law, consent and the limits of power", "numero": "8", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1740 }, { "id": "sect-9-adoption-beginning-with-standalone-value-not-with-", "type": "section", "titre": "9 Adoption: beginning with standalone value, not with the complete regime", "numero": "9", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1743 }, { "id": "sect-10-what-is-established-specified-proposed-and-open", "type": "section", "titre": "10 What is established, specified, proposed and open", "numero": "10", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1746 }, { "id": "sect-11-the-collective-validation-programme", "type": "section", "titre": "11 The collective validation programme", "numero": "11", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1750 }, { "id": "sect-12-from-moral-aspiration-to-a-verifiable-institution", "type": "section", "titre": "12 From moral aspiration to a verifiable institutional obligation", "numero": "12", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 1753 }, { "id": "sect-references", "type": "section", "titre": "References", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 1759 }, { "id": "sect-works-consulted-for-context-not-cited-in-the-body", "type": "section", "titre": "Works consulted for context (not cited in the body)", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 1998 }, { "id": "sect-a-register-of-evidence-and-publication-status", "type": "section", "titre": "A Register of evidence and publication status", "numero": "A", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 2012 }, { "id": "sect-b-minimum-evaluation-framework-for-pilot-projects", "type": "section", "titre": "B Minimum evaluation framework for pilot projects", "numero": "B", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 2014 }, { "id": "sect-c-complementary-references", "type": "section", "titre": "C Complementary references", "numero": "C", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 2018 }, { "id": "sect-complementary-references-development-and-peace-chapt", "type": "section", "titre": "Complementary references — development and peace (chapters 10 and 11)", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2046 }, { "id": "sect-d-recent-items-of-evidence-in-support-of-the-archite", "type": "section", "titre": "D Recent items of evidence in support of the architecture", "numero": "D", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 2063 }, { "id": "sect-e-qualitative-comparison-of-the-candidate-architectu", "type": "section", "titre": "E Qualitative comparison of the candidate architectures", "numero": "E", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 2076 }, { "id": "sect-f-formal-accounting-decomposition-and-bounded-partia", "type": "section", "titre": "F Formal accounting decomposition and bounded partial attribution framework", "numero": "F", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 2082 }, { "id": "sect-f-1-units-of-analysis-sets-and-indices", "type": "section", "titre": "F.1 Units of analysis, sets and indices", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2086 }, { "id": "sect-f-2-the-counterfactual-as-a-coherent-vector-of-paths", "type": "section", "titre": "F.2 The counterfactual as a coherent vector of paths", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2093 }, { "id": "sect-f-3-mechanism-specific-incidence-and-exposure-timing", "type": "section", "titre": "F.3 Mechanism-specific incidence and exposure timing", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2098 }, { "id": "sect-f-4-attribution-coefficients-and-structural-restrict", "type": "section", "titre": "F.4 Attribution coefficients and structural restrictions", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2105 }, { "id": "sect-f-5-symmetry-of-proof-joint-feasibility-and-pre-regi", "type": "section", "titre": "F.5 Symmetry of proof, joint feasibility and pre-registration of Φ", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2116 }, { "id": "sect-f-6-primitive-components-and-elimination-of-double-c", "type": "section", "titre": "F.6 Primitive components and elimination of double counting", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2120 }, { "id": "sect-f-7-offsets-beneficiaries-and-distributive-non-equiv", "type": "section", "titre": "F.7 Offsets, beneficiaries and distributive non-equivalence", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2127 }, { "id": "sect-f-8-common-currency-price-base-and-time", "type": "section", "titre": "F.8 Common currency, price base and time", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2133 }, { "id": "sect-f-9-adverse-incidence-offsets-and-net-balance-by-age", "type": "section", "titre": "F.9 Adverse incidence, offsets and net balance by agent", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2138 }, { "id": "sect-f-10-bounds-by-constrained-optimisation-not-by-indep", "type": "section", "titre": "F.10 Bounds by constrained optimisation, not by independent selection of extremes", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2145 }, { "id": "sect-f-11-gross-adverse-incidence-and-corrected-ratios", "type": "section", "titre": "F.11 Gross adverse incidence and corrected ratios", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2151 }, { "id": "sect-f-12-the-debt-stock-memo-item", "type": "section", "titre": "F.12 The debt-stock memo item", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2156 }, { "id": "sect-f-13-decision-publication-and-stopping-rules", "type": "section", "titre": "F.13 Decision, publication and stopping rules", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2160 }, { "id": "sect-f-14-minimum-reproducibility-package", "type": "section", "titre": "F.14 Minimum reproducibility package", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2171 }, { "id": "sect-f-15-graduated-compliance-the-minimal-configuration", "type": "section", "titre": "F.15 Graduated compliance: the minimal configuration", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2175 }, { "id": "sect-f-16-transitional-provision-status-of-the-section-9-", "type": "section", "titre": "F.16 Transitional provision: status of the Section 9 magnitudes", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2180 }, { "id": "sect-f-17-worked-example-mechanism-a2-sovereign-agent", "type": "section", "titre": "F.17 Worked example: mechanism A2, sovereign agent", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2182 }, { "id": "sect-f-18-epistemic-status-and-bridge-to-annex-g", "type": "section", "titre": "F.18 Epistemic status and bridge to Annex G", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2189 }, { "id": "sect-g-protocol-and-empirical-diagnostic", "type": "section", "titre": "G Protocol and empirical diagnostic", "numero": "G", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 2193 }, { "id": "sect-h-legal-grid-of-the-acts-of-the-chain", "type": "section", "titre": "H Legal grid of the acts of the chain", "numero": "H", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 2201 }, { "id": "sect-i-the-tunisian-case-file-evidentiary-status-classifi", "type": "section", "titre": "I The Tunisian case file: evidentiary status, classification under Annex F and Configuration M trajectory", "numero": "I", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 2219 }, { "id": "sect-i-1-why-tunisia-and-the-authors-position", "type": "section", "titre": "I.1 Why Tunisia, and the author’s position", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2222 }, { "id": "sect-i-2-the-evidentiary-register", "type": "section", "titre": "I.2 The evidentiary register", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2225 }, { "id": "sect-i-3-mapping-the-channels-under-the-section-9-taxonom", "type": "section", "titre": "I.3 Mapping the channels under the Section 9 taxonomy", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2232 }, { "id": 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"liminaire": true, "para": 2468 }, { "id": "sect-j-12-3-publication-package", "type": "section", "titre": "J.12.3 Publication package", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2474 }, { "id": "sect-j-13-project-organisation-schedule-and-deliverables", "type": "section", "titre": "J.13 Project organisation, schedule and deliverables", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2483 }, { "id": "sect-j-13-1-minimum-team", "type": "section", "titre": "J.13.1 Minimum team", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2484 }, { "id": "sect-j-13-2-indicative-schedule", "type": "section", "titre": "J.13.2 Indicative schedule", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2487 }, { "id": "sect-j-13-3-deliverables", "type": "section", "titre": "J.13.3 Deliverables", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2490 }, { 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{ "id": "sect-j-a-1-minimum-automatic-checks", "type": "section", "titre": "J.A.1 Minimum automatic checks", "numero": "J.A.1", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 2517 }, { "id": "sect-j-b-preliminary-feasibility-matrix-for-the-44-ldcs", "type": "section", "titre": "J.B Preliminary feasibility matrix for the 44 LDCs", "numero": "J.B", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 2529 }, { "id": "sect-j-c-country-passport-template", "type": "section", "titre": "J.C Country passport template", "numero": "J.C", "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 2536 }, { "id": "sect-verified-sources-and-reference-documents", "type": "section", "titre": "Verified sources and reference documents", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2538 }, { "id": "sect-k-the-subordinate-protocols", "type": "section", "titre": "K The subordinate protocols", "numero": "K", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 2548 }, { "id": "sect-l-prevention-and-alert-protocol", "type": "section", "titre": "L Prevention and alert protocol", "numero": "L", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 2560 }, { "id": "sect-l-1-alert-levels", "type": "section", "titre": "L.1 Alert levels", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2565 }, { "id": "sect-l-2-allocation-of-responsibilities", "type": "section", "titre": "L.2 Allocation of responsibilities", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2568 }, { "id": "sect-l-3-monetary-alert-protocol-monetary-cascade-early-w", "type": "section", "titre": "L.3 Monetary alert protocol (Monetary Cascade Early-Warning)", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2571 }, { "id": "sect-l-4-pilot-in-shadow-mode", "type": "section", "titre": "L.4 Pilot in shadow mode", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": 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"sect-m-0-3-selection-of-the-reference-works", "type": "section", "titre": "M.0.3 Selection of the reference works", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2601 }, { "id": "sect-m-0-4-the-real-gap-and-the-possible-contribution", "type": "section", "titre": "M.0.4 The real gap, and the possible contribution", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2604 }, { "id": "sect-m-1-what-100-units-injected-means", "type": "section", "titre": "M.1 What “100 units injected” means", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2607 }, { "id": "sect-m-2-non-additive-registers-and-measurement-by-rank", "type": "section", "titre": "M.2 Non-additive registers and measurement by rank", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2610 }, { "id": "sect-m-3-identification", "type": "section", "titre": "M.3 Identification", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2614 }, { "id": "sect-m-4-the-full-cycle-and-asymmetry", "type": "section", "titre": "M.4 The full cycle and asymmetry", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2617 }, { "id": "sect-m-5-stopping-rules", "type": "section", "titre": "M.5 Stopping rules", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2620 }, { "id": "sect-m-6-antithesis-and-rejection-criteria", "type": "section", "titre": "M.6 Antithesis and rejection criteria", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2621 }, { "id": "sect-m-7-graduated-compliance", "type": "section", "titre": "M.7 Graduated compliance", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2624 }, { "id": "sect-m-8-what-this-annex-brings-to-the-present-work", "type": "section", "titre": "M.8 What this annex brings to the present work", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2625 }, { "id": "sect-n-carthage-charter", "type": "section", "titre": "N Carthage Charter", "numero": "N", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 2628 }, { "id": "sect-note-on-the-status-and-use-of-the-text", "type": "section", "titre": "Note on the status and use of the text", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2634 }, { "id": "sect-graduated-legal-architecture", "type": "section", "titre": "Graduated legal architecture", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2638 }, { "id": "sect-preamble", "type": "section", "titre": "Preamble", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2641 }, { "id": "sect-title-i-purpose-scope-and-institutional-doctrine", "type": "section", "titre": "Title I — Purpose, scope and institutional doctrine", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2654 }, { "id": "sect-title-ii-rights-guarantees-and-participation", "type": "section", "titre": "Title II — Rights, guarantees and participation", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2679 }, { "id": "sect-title-iii-discipline-of-evidence-prevention-and-cons", "type": "section", "titre": "Title III — Discipline of evidence, prevention and consequence", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2705 }, { "id": "sect-title-iv-powers-institutions-and-artificial-intellig", "type": "section", "titre": "Title IV — Powers, institutions and artificial intelligence", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2727 }, { "id": "sect-title-v-international-legal-order-consent-and-evolut", "type": "section", "titre": "Title V — International legal order, consent and evolution", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2745 }, { "id": "sect-design-and-interpretation-note", "type": "section", "titre": "Design and interpretation note", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2761 }, { "id": "sect-1-what-the-charter-does", "type": "section", "titre": "1 What the Charter does", "numero": "1", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 2763 }, { "id": "sect-2-what-the-charter-does-not-do", "type": "section", "titre": "2 What the Charter does not do", "numero": "2", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 2769 }, { "id": "sect-3-relationship-between-the-three-instruments", "type": "section", "titre": "3 Relationship between the three instruments", "numero": "3", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 2775 }, { "id": "sect-4-correspondence-with-the-fifteen-earlier-commitment", "type": "section", "titre": "4 Correspondence with the fifteen earlier commitments", "numero": "4", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 2777 }, { "id": "sect-5-points-to-be-submitted-for-external-legal-validati", "type": "section", "titre": "5 Points to be submitted for external legal validation", "numero": "5", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 2779 }, { "id": "sect-o-global-accountability-framework-gaf", "type": "section", "titre": "O Global Accountability Framework (GAF)", "numero": "O", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 2788 }, { "id": "sect-note-on-status-and-forms-of-adoption", "type": "section", "titre": "Note on status and forms of adoption", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2795 }, { "id": "sect-three-coordinated-forms-of-the-gaf", "type": "section", "titre": "Three coordinated forms of the GAF", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2798 }, { "id": "sect-operational-summary", "type": "section", "titre": "Operational summary", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2801 }, { "id": "sect-architecture-of-the-present-instrument", "type": "section", "titre": "Architecture of the present instrument", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2808 }, { "id": "sect-preamble-2", "type": "section", "titre": "Preamble", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2811 }, { "id": "sect-part-i-general-provisions", "type": "section", "titre": "Part I — General provisions", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2819 }, { "id": "sect-part-ii-governance-of-functions-and-interfaces", "type": "section", "titre": "Part II — Governance of functions and interfaces", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2858 }, { "id": "sect-part-iii-procedure-of-the-global-accountability-chai", "type": "section", "titre": "Part III — Procedure of the Global Accountability Chain", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2894 }, { "id": "sect-part-iv-preventive-accountability-loop", "type": "section", "titre": "Part IV — Preventive Accountability Loop", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2943 }, { "id": "sect-part-v-data-artificial-intelligence-and-security", "type": "section", "titre": "Part V — Data, artificial intelligence and security", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2970 }, { "id": "sect-part-vi-funding-independence-and-cooperation", "type": "section", "titre": "Part VI — Funding, independence and cooperation", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 2991 }, { "id": "sect-part-vii-crisis-pilots-capacities-and-evaluation", "type": "section", "titre": "Part VII — Crisis, pilots, capacities and evaluation", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3012 }, { "id": "sect-part-viii-correction-conflicts-and-final-provisions", "type": "section", "titre": "Part VIII — Correction, conflicts and final provisions", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3043 }, { "id": "sect-operational-annexes", "type": "section", "titre": "Operational annexes", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3086 }, { "id": "sect-o-a-minimal-case-file-passport", "type": "section", "titre": "O A — Minimal case-file passport", "numero": "O", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 3087 }, { "id": "sect-o-b-minimal-interface-contract", "type": "section", "titre": "O B — Minimal interface contract", "numero": "O", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 3089 }, { "id": "sect-o-c-epistemic-statuses-and-authorised-consequences", "type": "section", "titre": "O C — Epistemic statuses and authorised consequences", "numero": "O", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 3091 }, { "id": "sect-o-d-alert-levels-of-the-preventive-accountability-lo", "type": "section", "titre": "O D — Alert levels of the Preventive Accountability Loop", "numero": "O", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 3093 }, { "id": "sect-o-e-minimal-design-of-the-three-arm-pilot", "type": "section", "titre": "O E — Minimal design of the three-arm pilot", "numero": "O", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 3095 }, { "id": "sect-o-f-summary-matrix-of-functions", "type": "section", "titre": "O F — Summary matrix of functions", "numero": "O", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 3097 }, { "id": "sect-o-g-minimal-data-contract", "type": "section", "titre": "O G — Minimal data contract", "numero": "O", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 3099 }, { "id": "sect-o-h-scale-of-legal-and-operational-maturity", "type": "section", "titre": "O H — Scale of legal and operational maturity", "numero": "O", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 3101 }, { "id": "sect-o-i-operational-glossary", "type": "section", "titre": "O I — Operational glossary", "numero": "O", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 3103 }, { "id": "sect-o-j-register-of-subordinate-protocols", "type": "section", "titre": "O J — Register of subordinate protocols", "numero": "O", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 3105 }, { "id": "sect-design-note-and-points-for-external-validation", "type": "section", "titre": "Design note and points for external validation", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3108 }, { "id": "sect-1-principal-design-decisions", "type": "section", "titre": "1 Principal design decisions", "numero": "1", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 3110 }, { "id": "sect-2-points-to-be-validated-by-specialists", "type": "section", "titre": "2 Points to be validated by specialists", "numero": "2", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 3118 }, { "id": "sect-3-documentary-portfolio-to-be-produced-after-consult", "type": "section", "titre": "3 Documentary portfolio to be produced after consultation", "numero": "3", "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": false, "para": 3127 }, { "id": "sect-p-call-of-carthage", "type": "section", "titre": "P Call of Carthage", "numero": "P", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 3129 }, { "id": "sect-note-on-the-status-of-the-call", "type": "section", "titre": "Note on the status of the Call", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3135 }, { "id": "sect-the-three-instruments-of-the-humanity-compact", "type": "section", "titre": "The three instruments of the Humanity Compact", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3139 }, { "id": "sect-call-of-carthage", "type": "section", "titre": "Call of Carthage", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3142 }, { "id": "sect-the-twelve-commitments-of-the-call", "type": "section", "titre": "The twelve commitments of the Call", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3157 }, { "id": "sect-what-the-signature-means", "type": "section", "titre": "What the signature means", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3170 }, { "id": "sect-the-four-channels-of-participation", "type": "section", "titre": "The four channels of participation", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3172 }, { "id": "sect-who-may-accede-and-in-what-form", "type": "section", "titre": "Who may accede, and in what form?", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3176 }, { "id": "sect-categories-of-accession", "type": "section", "titre": "Categories of accession", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3177 }, { "id": "sect-levels-of-commitment", "type": "section", "titre": "Levels of commitment", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3179 }, { "id": "sect-institutional-accession-form", "type": "section", "titre": "Institutional accession form", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3181 }, { "id": "sect-individual-accession-form", "type": "section", "titre": "Individual accession form", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3183 }, { "id": "sect-governance-of-the-call-and-integrity-of-the-register", "type": "section", "titre": "Governance of the Call and integrity of the register", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3185 }, { "id": "sect-roles-of-the-secretariat-of-the-call", "type": "section", "titre": "Roles of the secretariat of the Call", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3192 }, { "id": "sect-public-questions-and-answers", "type": "section", "titre": "Public questions and answers", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3194 }, { "id": "sect-proposed-launch-road-map", "type": "section", "titre": "Proposed launch road map", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3215 }, { "id": "sect-criteria-for-the-success-of-the-call", "type": "section", "titre": "Criteria for the success of the Call", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 3, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3217 }, { "id": "sect-short-version-one-page", "type": "section", "titre": "Short version — one page", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3224 }, { "id": "sect-q-elements-of-a-model-procedural-mandate", "type": "section", "titre": "Q Elements of a model procedural mandate", "numero": "Q", "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": true, "liminaire": false, "para": 3233 }, { "id": "sect-q-1-design-principle-not-creating-one-more-commissio", "type": "section", "titre": "Q.1 Design principle: not creating one more commission", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3236 }, { "id": "sect-q-2-preambular-elements", "type": "section", "titre": "Q.2 Preambular elements", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3238 }, { "id": "sect-q-3-operative-elements", "type": "section", "titre": "Q.3 Operative elements", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3260 }, { "id": "sect-q-4-why-an-existing-mechanism-rather-than-a-new-comm", "type": "section", "titre": "Q.4 Why an existing mechanism rather than a new commission", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3320 }, { "id": "sect-q-5-official-sources-of-the-texts-cited", "type": "section", "titre": "Q.5 Official sources of the texts cited", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 2, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3331 }, { "id": "sect-about-the-author", "type": "section", "titre": "About the author", "numero": null, "niveau_titre": 1, "annexe": false, "liminaire": true, "para": 3339 }, { "id": "regl-this-grammar-is-reinforced-by-four-safeguards-negati", "type": "regle-arret", "titre": "This grammar is reinforced by four safeguards: negative mandates, which prohibit the combination of the m", "texte": "This grammar is reinforced by four safeguards: negative mandates, which prohibit the combination of the most conflict-prone roles; stopping rules, which permit not attributing or not pricing; comparison with lighter architectures; and the strict distinction between fact, causality, equity and law." }, { "id": "regl-the-present-work-can-maintain-that-it-proposes-an-ex", "type": "regle-arret", "titre": "The present work can maintain that it proposes an explicit theory of the three completenesses, a doctrine", "texte": "The present work can maintain that it proposes an explicit theory of the three completenesses, a doctrine of interfaces, negative mandates, stopping rules, a function-first method, a set of pre-specified models and protocols, as well as a candidate architecture submitted to comparison." }, { "id": "regl-question-and-theoretical-proposal-the-document-formu", "type": "regle-arret", "titre": "Question and theoretical proposal. The document formulates the Global Accountability Chain as a theory of", "texte": "Question and theoretical proposal. The document formulates the Global Accountability Chain as a theory of the completeness of cross-border and intergenerational accountability. An architecture is said to be complete when it satisfies three cumulative requirements: functional completeness, covering the necessary transformations of the case file; relational completeness, linking each duty-holder to an identifiable forum capable of demanding explanation, justification and correction; and procedural completeness, preserving at the interfaces the provenance of the data, the assumptions, the model versions, the uncertainty, the objections, the dissents and the avenues for review. The contribution is therefore not the invention of each link taken in isolation, but their organisation into an end-to-end chain, governed by rights, by negative mandates, by stopping rules and by comparison with ligh" }, { "id": "regl-abstract-the-globalisation-of-public-policy-financia", "type": "regle-arret", "titre": "Abstract. The globalisation of public policy, financial flows, value chains and digital infrastructure ha", "texte": "Abstract. The globalisation of public policy, financial flows, value chains and digital infrastructure has extended the reach of decisions beyond the borders and generations that bear their consequences, while the institutions that could hold such decisions to account remain fragmented. This monograph formulates the Global Accountability Chain as a theory of functional, relational and procedural completeness: an architecture is accountable only when every necessary function is covered, when duty-holders answer to identifiable forums, and when the interfaces between functions preserve evidence, uncertainty, reasons and avenues for redress. Combining institutional analysis, political economy, international law, welfare economics and data governance, it proposes a first instantiation — the “7+3” — of seven functions and three instruments, tooled by artificial intelligence but governed by id" }, { "id": "regl-this-theory-is-situated-within-established-literatur", "type": "regle-arret", "titre": "This theory is situated within established literatures. Accountability has defined the actor-forum relati", "texte": "This theory is situated within established literatures. Accountability has defined the actor-forum relation; global administrative law has brought transparency, participation, reason-giving and review to the fore; rational design has studied the institutional variables suited to cooperation problems; regime complexes and polycentric governance have shown the benefits and the costs of fragmentation; orchestration and experimentalist governance have described forms of action without central hierarchy. The contribution proposed is to connect these achievements within a multi-stage chain, to raise the interface to the rank of an object of governance, and to combine negative mandates, stopping rules, comparison of architectures and procedural preservation of the evidence." }, { "id": "regl-stopping-rules-give-the-architecture-the-right-not-t", "type": "regle-arret", "titre": "Stopping rules give the architecture the right not to conclude. Insufficient data, an unidentifiable coun", "texte": "Stopping rules give the architecture the right not to conclude. Insufficient data, an unidentifiable counterfactual, an unreconciled overlap, an absent competence or a release liable to produce disproportionate harm must suspend the inference or reduce the status of the result." }, { "id": "regl-the-contributions-of-the-present-work-fall-into-seve", "type": "regle-arret", "titre": "The contributions of the present work fall into seven families. The first is the general theory: three co", "texte": "The contributions of the present work fall into seven families. The first is the general theory: three completenesses, accountability deficit and the distinction between the theory and the 7+3. The second concerns design: interfaces, function-first method, negative mandates, S0–S6, stopping rules, separation of registers, alternative architectures and epistemic statuses. The third bears on monetary anatomy: fifteen mechanisms, cumulation, synchronisation, buffers and multidimensional shock. The fourth concerns attribution and distribution: bounds, full cycle, non-additivity and tracing of beneficiaries. The fifth is the empirical diagnosis of a system that is dense but discontinuous. The sixth concerns AI and resilience: authority matrix, containment of errors, degraded operation and fast modes under fixed mandates. The seventh bears on adoption and applications: gradualism, Sevilla and " }, { "id": "regl-four-specific-additions-to-these-three-completenesse", "type": "regle-arret", "titre": "Four specific additions. To these three completenesses are added four design proposals: negative mandates", "texte": "Four specific additions. To these three completenesses are added four design proposals: negative mandates that prohibit one and the same actor from combining the most conflicting roles; a doctrine of the interface as an autonomous object of audit; stopping rules that allow the architecture not to conclude or not to price; and a mandatory comparison with lighter architectures. The novelty of the framework must therefore be assessed on this combination and on its capacity to produce testable consequences, not on the vocabulary of the “chain” alone." }, { "id": "regl-since-then-these-seven-rules-no-longer-remain-at-the", "type": "regle-arret", "titre": "Since then, these seven rules no longer remain at the level of principles: they form a model of bounded p", "texte": "Since then, these seven rules no longer remain at the level of principles: they form a model of bounded partial attribution, set out in full in Annex F. There the counterfactual ceases to be a rate path and becomes a coherent vector of trajectories — rates, risk-free curve, exchange rate, global risk appetite, commodity prices —, failing which an endogenous reaction would be counted as an effect. Exposure is fixed before the shock, and not read off after it, so that an adaptation undergone is not treated as predetermined. Each mechanism receives its own measurement function, and not a single “base × price spread” formula, so that the rationing of credit — a restriction of volume, not of price — can be represented. The attribution coefficients α are not chosen one by one but belong to a joint admissible set: taking each adverse channel at its maximum and each offset at its minimum, when t" }, { "id": "regl-three-arm-comparison-the-pilot-does-not-test-the-7-3", "type": "regle-arret", "titre": "Three-arm comparison. The pilot does not test the 7+3 in isolation. A single case file, based on the same", "texte": "Three-arm comparison. The pilot does not test the 7+3 in isolation. A single case file, based on the same data and the same freeze date, is processed by three routes: A, the existing process; B, a light federated architecture; C, the 7+3 chain. The teams are separated and gain access to the results of the other arms only after their own decisions have been frozen. The protocol pre-registers the hypotheses, the permitted decisions, the stopping rules and the indicators." }, { "id": "regl-the-path-proposed-is-therefore-cumulative-modular-an", "type": "regle-arret", "titre": "The path proposed is therefore cumulative, modular and reversible. It seeks a first approval limited enou", "texte": "The path proposed is therefore cumulative, modular and reversible. It seeks a first approval limited enough to be rational for States with divergent interests, but structured enough to produce new evidence and to prevent a further general report from simply being added to its predecessors. The initial object is not the adoption of the 7+3: it is the adoption of a procedure allowing the status quo, a light federated architecture and the 7+3 instantiation to be compared on the same case files, according to pre-registered indicators and stopping rules (§12.5)." }, { "id": "regl-the-united-nations-route-may-produce-the-opposite-ef", "type": "regle-arret", "titre": "The United Nations route may produce the opposite effect to the one sought. In order to obtain consensus,", "texte": "The United Nations route may produce the opposite effect to the one sought. In order to obtain consensus, a text may reduce accountability to a further request for study, delete the stopping rules, avoid the question of the forum or refer the entirety of the adjustment to the affected countries. Box 9 shows that a recommendation without a duty-holder progressively loses its reach. This objection justifies neither withdrawal from the multilateral process nor acceptance of any dilution: it imposes minimum criteria. The process adds value only if it retains at least five elements — a traceable case file; the separation between measurement, causality, equity and law; a reasoned response from the competent actor; the possibility of counter-assessment; and a comparator capable of concluding in favour of non-activation, of simplification or of failure. A resolution that limited itself to “encou" }, { "id": "regl-the-passage-from-one-phase-to-the-next-is-authorised", "type": "regle-arret", "titre": "The passage from one phase to the next is authorised only if: the data, codebooks and methods necessary f", "texte": "The passage from one phase to the next is authorised only if: the data, codebooks and methods necessary for the test are accessible to an independent evaluation; the legal opinions identify a plausible vehicle for the acts envisaged; the coalition includes States from several regions and is not reduced to a single category of beneficiaries; the mandate protects the light comparator and the option of creating no new permanent body; the affected parties have financed access to information and to counter-assessment; the full cost, the conflicts of mandates and the risks of capture are published; and a clause providing for return, sunset and review is fixed. The process is suspended or revised if: the political referral precedes the publication of the essential materials; the mandate reproduces a general commission of recommendations without an execution or pilot function; the existing archi" }, { "id": "regl-one-and-the-same-discipline-the-two-loops-apply-the-", "type": "regle-arret", "titre": "One and the same discipline. The two loops apply the same principles: data provenance, declaration of unc", "texte": "One and the same discipline. The two loops apply the same principles: data provenance, declaration of uncertainty, separation of roles, participation, reasoned justification, the possibility of independent counter-assessment, control of conflicts of interest and stopping rules. Prevention therefore constitutes no exception to accountability; it brings forward its point of entry in time." }, { "id": "regl-p10-preventing-without-governing-by-forecast-where-a", "type": "regle-arret", "titre": "P10 — Preventing without governing by forecast. Where a cross-border or intergenerational risk of cascade", "texte": "P10 — Preventing without governing by forecast. Where a cross-border or intergenerational risk of cascade is reasonably foreseeable and a window for action remains, the architecture must be able to anticipate it, to qualify it, to notify it and to obtain a reasoned response. The alert never transfers the competence of the decision-maker to the producer of the forecast; it creates neither a presumption of fault, nor a pricing, nor a sanction. The models, thresholds, recipients, uncertainties, dissents, false positives and false negatives are published or audited under a proportionate regime. The preventive loop is subject to the same rights, negative mandates, stopping rules and avenues of redress as the principal chain." }, { "id": "regl-the-complete-protocol-inputs-cascade-risk-memorandum", "type": "regle-arret", "titre": "The complete protocol — inputs, cascade risk memorandum, action options and stopping rules — is specified", "texte": "The complete protocol — inputs, cascade risk memorandum, action options and stopping rules — is specified in Annex L." }, { "id": "regl-the-s0s6-classification-and-the-stopping-rules-give-", "type": "regle-arret", "titre": "The S0–S6 classification and the stopping rules give the system the capacity to recognise that not all ef", "texte": "The S0–S6 classification and the stopping rules give the system the capacity to recognise that not all effects justify the same response. A pecuniary transfer, a domestic friction, a global loss, an inequity and a legal violation are not interchangeable categories. To measure does not oblige one to price; to prevent does not oblige one to prohibit; to finance does not establish fault; and the absence of sufficient evidence must be able to lead to a reasoned closure." }, { "id": "regl-status-and-scope-this-annex-formalises-a-transparent", "type": "regle-arret", "titre": "Status and scope. This annex formalises a transparent accounting decomposition and a bounded partial attr", "texte": "Status and scope. This annex formalises a transparent accounting decomposition and a bounded partial attribution framework for the cross-border spillovers of monetary policy. It produces no new estimate and does not, on its own, permit the identification of a causal policy shock, the establishment of a welfare loss, the determination of legal liability or the justification of a financial consequence. It remains at rungs 1 and 2 of the epistemic ladder used in this document — accounting incidence and plausibly bounded attribution. Rung 3, identified causality, falls under the complementary empirical protocol of Annex G. The purpose here is narrower and more demanding than a calculation for display: every input, allocation, exclusion, counterfactual and stopping rule must be inspectable and refutable line by line." }, { "id": "regl-full-compliance-with-f-1f-14-is-a-research-programme", "type": "regle-arret", "titre": "Full compliance with §F.1–§F.14 is a research programme, not an afternoon's calculation. If the framework", "texte": "Full compliance with §F.1–§F.14 is a research programme, not an afternoon's calculation. If the framework can be satisfied only by jurisdictions endowed with deep data and strong modelling capacity, it betrays the architecture it serves: the measurement layer is meant to be usable, at entry level, by the administrations most exposed to the spillovers it measures. Two configurations are therefore defined. Neither relaxes the stopping rules of §F.13; the minimal configuration restricts the scope, it does not lower the standard of proof." }, { "id": "regl-stopping-rule-if-the-source-the-competence-the-attac", "type": "regle-arret", "titre": "Stopping rule. If the source, the competence, the attachment or the applicability cannot be established,", "texte": "Stopping rule. If the source, the competence, the attachment or the applicability cannot be established, the act cannot be qualified as a legally binding obligation. It may remain a reference standard, a recommendation, a political commitment or an experimental protocol; its status is then displayed without ambiguity." }, { "id": "regl-the-computation-that-discharges-f-16-is-defined-by-c", "type": "regle-arret", "titre": "The computation that discharges §F.16 is defined by Configuration M of Annex F (§F.15): identical stoppin", "texte": "The computation that discharges §F.16 is defined by Configuration M of Annex F (§F.15): identical stopping rules, restricted scope. Table I4 lists the deliverables and the data each of them requires. None of these steps presupposes any new theory; each is a task of data assembly and documentation." }, { "id": "regl-the-stopping-rules-of-f-13-applied-to-this-case-file", "type": "regle-arret", "titre": "The stopping rules of §F.13, applied to this case file, produce the following communication discipline. I", "texte": "The stopping rules of §F.13, applied to this case file, produce the following communication discipline. It is permitted to say that an accounting scenario classified under Annex F, under a single inherited counterfactual, places the direct external cash-flow incidence borne by the Tunisian Treasury in a range of 1.0 to 4.8 billion TND (base 2.3), rising to 1.6–6.9 billion TND (base 3.5) when partially attributed domestic transmission is included; that potential gains for the central bank and for households in receipt of transfers exist on a comparable order of magnitude and are reported separately by beneficiary; and that the Annex F framework brackets, without confirming, the monetary core reported in §9.3. It is not permitted to say that foreign central banks cost Tunisia any amount whatsoever; that a welfare loss, a causal effect, a fault or a share of responsibility has been establis" }, { "id": "regl-stopping-rules-the-protocol-remains-at-level-v0-or-v", "type": "regle-arret", "titre": "Stopping rules. The protocol remains at level V0 or V1 if the mechanisms are not identifiable, if the dat", "texte": "Stopping rules. The protocol remains at level V0 or V1 if the mechanisms are not identifiable, if the data are too weak, if no window for action exists or if disclosure is liable to provoke greater damage. It never issues an amount of preventive attribution and does not use a prior alert as sufficient proof of responsibility after the shock." }, { "id": "regl-bounded-partial-attribution-means-attribution-expres", "type": "regle-arret", "titre": "— “bounded partial attribution” means attribution expressed in published ranges and restrictions, accompa", "texte": "— “bounded partial attribution” means attribution expressed in published ranges and restrictions, accompanied by stopping rules where identification is not tenable;" }, { "id": "refe-abbott", "type": "reference", "titre": "Abbott", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2015", "citation": "Abbott, K.W., Genschel, P., Snidal, D. and Zangl, B. (eds) (2015) International Organizations as Orchestrators. 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(2014) ‘A Theory of Emerging Order within Institutional Complexes: How Competition among Regulatory International Institutions Leads to Institutional Adaptation and Division of Labor’, The Review of International Organizations, 9(4), pp. 471–498. doi:10.1007/s11558-014-9197-1.", "poids": 1 }, { "id": "refe-kingsbury", "type": "reference", "titre": "Kingsbury", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2005", "citation": "Kingsbury, B., Krisch, N. and Stewart, R.B. (2005) ‘The Emergence of Global Administrative Law’, Law and Contemporary Problems, 68(3–4), pp. 15–62.", "poids": 3 }, { "id": "refe-koppell", "type": "reference", "titre": "Koppell", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2005", "citation": "Koppell, J.G.S. (2005) ‘Pathologies of Accountability: ICANN and the Challenge of “Multiple Accountabilities Disorder”’, Public Administration Review, 65(1), pp. 94–108. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6210.2005.00434.x.", "poids": 2 }, { "id": "refe-schmidt", "type": "reference", "titre": "Schmidt", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2013", "citation": "Schmidt, V.A. (2013) ‘Democracy and legitimacy in the European Union revisited: input, output and throughput’, Political Studies, 61(1), pp. 2–22. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9248.2012.00962.x.", "poids": 1 }, { "id": "refe-national-institute-of-standards-and-technology", "type": "reference", "titre": "National Institute of Standards and Technology", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2023", "citation": "National Institute of Standards and Technology (2023) Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Framework (AI RMF 1.0). Gaithersburg, MD: NIST.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-iso-iec", "type": "reference", "titre": "ISO/IEC", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2023", "citation": "ISO/IEC (2023) ISO/IEC 42001:2023 — Information technology — Artificial intelligence — Management system.", "poids": 1 }, { "id": "refe-united-nations-10", "type": "reference", "titre": "United Nations", "sous_type": "instrument_juridique", "annee": "1958", "citation": "United Nations (1958) Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards. New York.", "poids": 1 }, { "id": "refe-united-nations-11", "type": "reference", "titre": "United Nations", "sous_type": "instrument_juridique", "annee": "1969", "citation": "United Nations (1969) Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. Vienna.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-international-law-commission-3", "type": "reference", "titre": "International Law Commission", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2011", "citation": "International Law Commission (2011) Draft Articles on the Responsibility of International Organizations.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-world-trade-organization-3", "type": "reference", "titre": "World Trade Organization", "sous_type": "instrument_juridique", "annee": "1994", "citation": "World Trade Organization (1994) General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994; General Agreement on Trade in Services; Agreements on Technical Barriers to Trade and on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-united-nations-12", "type": "reference", "titre": "United Nations", "sous_type": "instrument_juridique", "annee": "1945", "citation": "United Nations (1945) Charter of the United Nations. San Francisco, 26 June 1945 (entered into force: 24 October 1945), in particular arts 22, 25, 94, 96 and 103.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-united-nations-13", "type": "reference", "titre": "United Nations", "sous_type": "instrument_juridique", "annee": "1945", "citation": "United Nations (1945) Statute of the International Court of Justice, annexed to the Charter, in particular arts 59 and 65.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-united-nations-14", "type": "reference", "titre": "United Nations", "sous_type": "instrument_juridique", "annee": "2015", "citation": "United Nations (2015) Paris Agreement. Paris, 12 December 2015 (entered into force: 4 November 2016), in particular arts 4(2), 13, 14 and 15.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-united-nations-15", "type": "reference", "titre": "United Nations", "sous_type": "instrument_juridique", "annee": "1987", "citation": "United Nations (1987) Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. Montreal, 16 September 1987 (entered into force: 1 January 1989), in particular arts 2(9), 4, 5, 8 and 10.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-united-nations-16", "type": "reference", "titre": "United Nations", "sous_type": "instrument_juridique", "annee": "1989", "citation": "United Nations (1989) Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal. Basel, 22 March 1989 (entered into force: 5 May 1992), in particular arts 4(5) and 4A (Ban Amendment, in force on 5 December 2019).", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-united-nations-17", "type": "reference", "titre": "United Nations", "sous_type": "instrument_juridique", "annee": "1982", "citation": "United Nations (1982) United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. Montego Bay, 10 December 1982 (entered into force: 16 November 1994), in particular Part XII, Part XV, arts 235, 287 and 298.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-world-health-organization-3", "type": "reference", "titre": "World Health Organization", "sous_type": "institution", "annee": "2005", "citation": "World Health Organization (2005) International Health Regulations (2005), 3rd edn and amendments of 2022 and 2024. Geneva: WHO (adopted 23 May 2005 under art. 21 of the WHO Constitution; entered into force: 15 June 2007; 196 States parties).", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-world-health-organization-4", "type": "reference", "titre": "World Health Organization", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "1946", "citation": "World Health Organization (1946) Constitution of the World Health Organization. New York, 22 July 1946, in particular arts 21 and 22.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-united-nations-economic-commission-for-europe", "type": "reference", "titre": "United Nations Economic Commission for Europe", "sous_type": "instrument_juridique", "annee": "1998", "citation": "United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (1998) Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters (Aarhus Convention). Aarhus, 25 June 1998 (entered into force: 30 October 2001), in particular arts 9 and 15, and decision I/7 (2002).", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-united-nations-economic-commission-for-europe-2", "type": "reference", "titre": "United Nations Economic Commission for Europe", "sous_type": "instrument_juridique", "annee": "1991", "citation": "United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (1991) Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context (Espoo Convention). Espoo, 25 February 1991 (entered into force: 10 September 1997).", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-international-law-commission-4", "type": "reference", "titre": "International Law Commission", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2001", "citation": "International Law Commission (2001) Draft Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts. Yearbook of the International Law Commission, vol. II(2), in particular arts 2, 28–39 and 42–48.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-permanent-court-of-international-justice-2", "type": "reference", "titre": "Permanent Court of International Justice", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "1928", "citation": "Permanent Court of International Justice (1928) Factory at Chorzów (Germany v. Poland), Merits, Judgment No. 13, 13 September 1928, PCIJ Series A No. 17.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-galtung", "type": "reference", "titre": "Galtung", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "1969", "citation": "Galtung, J. (1969) ‘Violence, Peace, and Peace Research’, Journal of Peace Research, 6(3), pp. 167–191.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-lederach", "type": "reference", "titre": "Lederach", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "1997", "citation": "Lederach, J.P. (1997) Building Peace: Sustainable Reconciliation in Divided Societies. Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace Press.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-united-nations-and-world-bank", "type": "reference", "titre": "United Nations and World Bank", "sous_type": "institution", "annee": "2018", "citation": "United Nations and World Bank (2018) Pathways for Peace: Inclusive Approaches to Preventing Violent Conflict. Washington, DC: World Bank and New York: United Nations.", "poids": 1 }, { "id": "refe-united-nations-secretary-general", "type": "reference", "titre": "United Nations Secretary-General", "sous_type": "institution", "annee": "2023", "citation": "United Nations Secretary-General (2023) A New Agenda for Peace. Our Common Agenda Policy Brief 9. New York: United Nations.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-united-nations-general-assembly-4", "type": "reference", "titre": "United Nations General Assembly", "sous_type": "instrument_juridique", "annee": "2024", "citation": "United Nations General Assembly (2024) Resolution 79/1, The Pact for the Future, 22 September 2024. New York: United Nations.", "poids": 4, "rattachement": "nom seul, sans millésime — appariement moins sûr" }, { "id": "refe-united-nations-secretary-general-2", "type": "reference", "titre": "United Nations Secretary-General", "sous_type": "institution", "annee": "2024", "citation": "United Nations Secretary-General (2024) Peacebuilding and Sustaining Peace. Report A/79/552–S/2024/767. New York: United Nations.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-united-nations-18", "type": "reference", "titre": "United Nations", "sous_type": "institution", "annee": "2025", "citation": "United Nations (2025a) Compromiso de Sevilla and Sevilla Platform for Action, Fourth International Conference on Financing for Development, Sevilla, 30 June–3 July 2025.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-united-nations-financing-for-sustainable-development-2", "type": "reference", "titre": "United Nations Financing for Sustainable Development Office", "sous_type": "institution", "annee": "2026", "citation": "United Nations Financing for Sustainable Development Office (2026a) Financing for Sustainable Development Report 2026. New York: United Nations.", "poids": 3, "rattachement": "nom seul, sans millésime — appariement moins sûr" }, { "id": "refe-united-nations-financing-for-sustainable-development-3", "type": "reference", "titre": "United Nations Financing for Sustainable Development Office", "sous_type": "institution", "annee": "2026", "citation": "United Nations Financing for Sustainable Development Office (2026b) Sevilla Platform for Action — Delivering Early Results, 2026 ECOSOC Financing for Development Forum. New York: United Nations.", "poids": 3, "rattachement": "nom seul, sans millésime — appariement moins sûr" }, { "id": "refe-united-nations-financing-for-sustainable-development-4", "type": "reference", "titre": "United Nations Financing for Sustainable Development Office", "sous_type": "institution", "annee": "2026", "citation": "United Nations Financing for Sustainable Development Office (2026c) Sevilla Platform for Action, live registry. Consultation and all counts as of 25 July 2026.", "poids": 3, "rattachement": "nom seul, sans millésime — appariement moins sûr" }, { "id": "refe-united-nations-development-programme-2", "type": "reference", "titre": "United Nations Development Programme", "sous_type": "institution", "annee": "2024", "citation": "United Nations Development Programme (2024) Humanitarian–Development–Peace Nexus Approaches in Conflict and Disaster Settings. New York: UNDP Independent Evaluation Office.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-world-bank-5", "type": "reference", "titre": "World Bank", "sous_type": "institution", "annee": "2017", "citation": "World Bank (2017) World Development Report 2017: Governance and the Law. Washington, DC: World Bank.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-this-annex-lists-recent-items-of-primary-source-evid", "type": "reference", "titre": "This annex lists recent items of primary-source evidence", "sous_type": "donnees", "annee": "2024", "citation": "This annex lists recent items of primary-source evidence (2024-2026) that postdate or refine the argument of the present work. Each item is attached to the functional pillar it supports and to the limit that prevents any over-interpretation. The full screening database — two hundred items covering twenty families, each accompanied by an explicit verification status — is held in a separate research notebook; only those references individually verified against the source are cited here, each being listed in full in t", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-measurement", "type": "reference", "titre": "Measurement", "sous_type": "institution", "annee": "2026", "citation": "Measurement (HuIB). Two developments confirm a convergence on the need for a permanent measurement institution that has yet to be created. The Secretary-General’s Independent High-Level Expert Group on Beyond GDP has proposed a compass of complementary indicators (United Nations, 2026), an acknowledgement at the highest level that no permanent scientific body discharges this function; and the FAO’s true cost accounting has put the hidden costs of agrifood systems at some twelve trillion dollars a year, of which som", "poids": 6, "rattachement": "nom seul, sans millésime — appariement moins sûr" }, { "id": "refe-rating", "type": "reference", "titre": "Rating", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2025", "citation": "Rating (GIRA). Recent work shows that private rating decisions govern fiscal space: a late-2025 revision of the treatment of the callable capital of the multilateral development banks released, through a single methodological choice, a substantial volume of additional lending capacity (Cash, 2025), while a dedicated reform programme sets out how the rating function could be made accountable (Cash and Khan, 2024). It is this channel — and not a model to be admired — that the separation between rating and pricing eff", "poids": 3, "rattachement": "nom seul, sans millésime — appariement moins sûr" }, { "id": "refe-pricing-and-equity", "type": "reference", "titre": "Pricing and equity", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2024", "citation": "Pricing and equity (GFEA). The coordination pathway that the present work posits is now concretely on the table. A proposal for a coordinated minimum effective rate on ultra-high-net-worth individuals shows that a tax standard can begin with a coalition of the willing and a collector of last resort rather than with a universal treaty (Zucman, 2024); and a quantitative analysis of the fifteen per cent global minimum tax documents the extent to which its effective yield is diluted in practice (Hugger et al., 2024) — ", "poids": 4, "rattachement": "nom seul, sans millésime — appariement moins sûr" }, { "id": "refe-border-adjustment", "type": "reference", "titre": "Border adjustment", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2025", "citation": "Border adjustment (BFM). A quantitative trade model using plant-level data shows that a well-designed carbon border adjustment can curb carbon leakage without disproportionately penalising low-income partners, but only under a specific design and largely for steel and aluminium (Clausing et al., 2025) — which is why the Border Fairness Mechanism must add what a border tax lacks: redistribution, consent and broader coverage.", "poids": 14, "rattachement": "nom seul, sans millésime — appariement moins sûr" }, { "id": "refe-financing", "type": "reference", "titre": "Financing", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2024", "citation": "Financing (GSF). The recent replenishment rounds of the main vertical funds have systematically fallen short of their target (Madan Keller et al., 2024) — an empirical confirmation that a purely financial mandate, detached from the rest of the accountability chain, cannot balance its budget without sacrificing either thematic rigour or geographical equity.", "poids": 12, "rattachement": "nom seul, sans millésime — appariement moins sûr" }, { "id": "refe-spillover-effects", "type": "reference", "titre": "Spillover effects", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2025", "citation": "Spillover effects, revisited. Two 2025 studies refine the monetary spillover mechanism at the heart of Section 9: demand for safe assets and the global dollar cycle transmit United States conditions asymmetrically to emerging economies (Allen et al., 2025), and the intensity of that transmission runs through the role of the dollar (Acharya et al., 2025). These two works frame — without demonstrating it — the attribution discipline of the present work.", "poids": 1, "rattachement": "nom seul, sans millésime — appariement moins sûr" }, { "id": "refe-adjudication", "type": "reference", "titre": "Adjudication", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2025", "citation": "Adjudication (Court). The 2025 ICJ advisory opinion confirmed the existence in international law of binding reparation obligations (International Court of Justice, 2025), a reading confirmed by subsequent legal analysis (Foster, 2025); and the 2026 review of climate litigation shows sharply rising litigation demand (Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment, 2026) — to be read as evidence of a demand for adjudication, not as a mechanical demonstration that a new court is necessary.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-democratic-certification", "type": "reference", "titre": "Democratic certification", "sous_type": "institution", "annee": "2026", "citation": "Democratic certification (IPDA) and AI. The Independent International Scientific Panel on Artificial Intelligence has moved from “established” status to its first published report (Independent International Scientific Panel on Artificial Intelligence, 2026), and the Secretary-General’s advisory body has recommended distributed and complementary mechanisms rather than a single global regulator (United Nations High-Level Advisory Body on Artificial Intelligence, 2024) — a direct precedent for the single-mandate logic", "poids": 1, "rattachement": "nom seul, sans millésime — appariement moins sûr" }, { "id": "refe-theory-of-the-architecture-regime-complexity-analysi", "type": "reference", "titre": "Theory of the architecture. Regime-complexity analysis prese", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2025", "citation": "Theory of the architecture. Regime-complexity analysis presents the 7+3 as an architecture designed to manage interface conflicts — separate mandates, collision rules, arbitration — rather than as a super-agency (Kreuder-Sonnen, Schmotz and Zürn, 2025). Combined with the literature on orchestration in development governance (Cormier, Heinzel and Reinsberg, 2024) and on the accountability of global governance (Lall, 2025), it supplies the vocabulary of delegation and accountability that the argument requires.", "poids": 3, "rattachement": "nom seul, sans millésime — appariement moins sûr" }, { "id": "refe-a-useful-counter-example-finally", "type": "reference", "titre": "A useful counter-example. Finally", "sous_type": "institution", "annee": "2026", "citation": "A useful counter-example. Finally, the 2026 decision of the World Bank Group to integrate its independent accountability mechanisms (World Bank Group, 2026) constitutes both a precedent of reform by incorporation and a warning: the present work distinguishes the administrative integration of neighbouring procedures from the concentration of incompatible functions against which its principle of “one institution per function” warns.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-the-vector-may-include-the-source-policy-rate", "type": "reference", "titre": "The vector may include the source policy rate", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2021", "citation": "The vector may include the source policy rate, the risk-free yield curve, the exchange rate of the recipient country, global risk appetite, the output of the source jurisdiction, commodity prices and other variables specific to each mechanism. The paths must be generated by an explicit model, a reaction function, a market expectations path, a narrative scenario or an identified empirical design; a counterfactual price is a model output, never an observation. Membership of Γ is itself constrained: an admissible coun", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-ij", "type": "reference", "titre": "Φᵢⱼ", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "1990", "citation": "Φᵢⱼ(c) is the set of jointly feasible attribution vectors. It contains the mechanism-specific bounds, the cross-mechanism restrictions, common-shock coherence, the sign restrictions and any constraint induced by the empirical design. The bounds are bounds of documented judgement or of partial identification (Manski, 1990) so long as they are not estimated; they are not confidence intervals.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-g-1-purpose-and-linkage-the-body-of-the-report", "type": "reference", "titre": "G.1 Purpose and linkage. The body of the report", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2024", "citation": "G.1 Purpose and linkage. The body of the report (§9.5, §9.6, §9.7) explicitly defers the empirical demonstration: monetary policy spillover is established there as the least priced link of the accountability chain, and its eventual correction can be grounded only after attributing the incidence to an identified shock, separating the transfer from the welfare loss, and neutralising the offsets. The present annex is that vehicle. Its contribution is not a global figure — which the report explicitly withdraws — but a ", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-g-2-data-and-feasibility-audit-the-panel-brings-toge", "type": "reference", "titre": "G.2 Data and feasibility audit. The panel brings together si", "sous_type": "institution", "annee": "2024", "citation": "G.2 Data and feasibility audit. The panel brings together sixteen countries of the Middle East and Central Asia (Ugazio & Xin, 2024, IMF WP 24/14), including Tunisia by name. Public coverage (World Bank interfaces, IDS and WDI) reaches 95 to 100% for Tunisia on structural exposure — debt, debt service, reserves, investment, remittances, exports, direct investment — but at annual frequency. Two structural gaps remain: the foreign-currency share of the debt (the weight of mechanisms A1 and A2) and concessional or mul", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-g-3-identification-strategy-monetary-policy-shocks-a", "type": "reference", "titre": "G.3 Identification strategy. Monetary policy shocks are iden", "sous_type": "donnees", "annee": "2020", "citation": "G.3 Identification strategy. Monetary policy shocks are identified at high frequency: for the Federal Reserve, the decomposition of Jarociński & Karadi (2020), which separates the pure policy surprise from the information component; for the European Central Bank, the EA-MPD event database (Altavilla et al., 2019), whose factor rotation (target, timing, forward guidance, balance-sheet measures) remains to be executed. Exposure is measured in a predetermined manner (lagged one period) and winsorised. Estimation rests", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-status-and-scope-this-annex-consolidates-in-a-single", "type": "reference", "titre": "Status and scope. This annex consolidates in a single place", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2021", "citation": "Status and scope. This annex consolidates in a single place everything the document asserts, and refuses to assert, about the Tunisian case of monetary spillovers. It is the case file provided for by the transitional provision of Annex F (§F.16): it fixes the evidentiary status of each figure, the classification of the case under the Annex F framework at the pre-Configuration M level, the reconciliation obligation that conditions any statement of convergence, and the programme of work leading to the Configuration M", "poids": 4, "rattachement": "nom seul, sans millésime — appariement moins sûr" }, { "id": "refe-the-programme-workbook", "type": "reference", "titre": "The programme workbook", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2022", "citation": "The programme workbook (V5). The programme’s internal workbook decomposes the 2022–2025 tightening cycle into channels, applies national-level offsets and a global overlap discount, and arrives at an all-causes gross figure of about 15 billion TND (≈ 4.5 billion euros) and a consolidated national net of 2.98–11.73 billion TND (central value 6.45). This consolidation offsets gains and losses across agents, which the Annex F framework does not permit; the workbook therefore serves as source material for the case, not", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-table-i1-the-tunisian-figures-by-set-and-by-status", "type": "reference", "titre": "Table I1 — The Tunisian figures by set and by status", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2022", "citation": "Table I1 — The Tunisian figures by set and by status (millions of TND, cumulative 2022–2025, counterfactual c_V5; EUR at the indicative working rate of 3.35)", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-status-of-sources-and-of-the-ldc-list-23-july-2026", "type": "reference", "titre": "Status of sources and of the LDC list: 23 July 2026", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2026", "citation": "Status of sources and of the LDC list: 23 July 2026", "poids": 4, "rattachement": "nom seul, sans millésime — appariement moins sûr" }, { "id": "refe-as-at-23-july-2026", "type": "reference", "titre": "As at 23 July 2026", "sous_type": "institution", "annee": "2026", "citation": "As at 23 July 2026, the United Nations list comprises 44 LDCs: 32 in Africa, 8 in Asia, 1 in the Caribbean and 3 in the Pacific.[1]", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-bangladesh", "type": "reference", "titre": "Bangladesh", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2026", "citation": "Bangladesh, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic and Nepal remain included in the reference panel, even though their graduation from the category is scheduled for 24 November 2026. The panel must be frozen according to status at the start of the study period in order to avoid a break in comparability.[2]", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-18-ldcs-appear-in-the-qeds-gdds-availability-file-up", "type": "reference", "titre": "18 LDCs appear in the QEDS-GDDS availability file updated on", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2026", "citation": "18 LDCs appear in the QEDS-GDDS availability file updated on 30 April 2026; 13 of them have reported data at least up to the second quarter of 2024.[4]", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-the-recommended-main-window-is-20192025", "type": "reference", "titre": "The recommended main window is 2019–2025:", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2019", "citation": "The recommended main window is 2019–2025:", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-20192021-to-measure-prior-exposures-and-trends", "type": "reference", "titre": "2019–2021 to measure prior exposures and trends;", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2019", "citation": "2019–2021 to measure prior exposures and trends;", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-20222024-for-the-core-of-the-tightening-cycle", "type": "reference", "titre": "2022–2024 for the core of the tightening cycle;", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2022", "citation": "2022–2024 for the core of the tightening cycle;", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-2025-for-delayed-effects", "type": "reference", "titre": "2025 for delayed effects", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2025", "citation": "2025 for delayed effects, refinancings and first normalisations;", "poids": 2 }, { "id": "refe-the-main-benefit-of-the-enrichment-is-not-to-measure", "type": "reference", "titre": "The main benefit of the enrichment is not to measure more th", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2005", "citation": "The main benefit of the enrichment is not to measure more things. It is that each component possesses a predictable signature across the transmission mechanisms already defined, so that the whole forms an overdetermined system of restrictions. A seven-component vector applied to some fifteen mechanisms produces far more signed predictions than free parameters — which makes the construction refutable rather than merely richer. This multidimensional identification strategy extends the decomposition of monetary policy", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-moving-from-one-impulse-to-seven-over-a-single-episo", "type": "reference", "titre": "Moving from one impulse to seven over a single episode multi", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2022", "citation": "Moving from one impulse to seven over a single episode multiplies sevenfold the problem that the 2022–2025 window already poses. The protocol must therefore state, before estimation, under what conditions the decomposition is identifiable and what it does when it is not.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-identifying-restriction-the-separation-rests-on-the-", "type": "reference", "titre": "Identifying restriction. The separation rests on the co-move", "sous_type": "donnees", "annee": "2020", "citation": "Identifying restriction. The separation rests on the co-movement, around the announcement, between interest rates and the prices of risky assets. A pure policy tightening raises rates and depresses assets; a favourable information revelation raises both together. The sign restriction on this co-movement is what identifies the component; without it, a factor rotation produces orthogonal axes devoid of structural meaning. The protocol requires that the restriction be declared before estimation and that the sensitivit", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-it-changes-nothing-in-what-follows-the-taxonomy-of-t", "type": "reference", "titre": "It changes nothing in what follows. The taxonomy of transmis", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2022", "citation": "It changes nothing in what follows. The taxonomy of transmission mechanisms remains unchanged. The attainable level of evidence remains that of accounting incidence and bounded partial attribution: a better-specified vector does not cross the bridge to welfare. And the most likely conclusion for the 2022–2025 episode remains that some of the components will not be separately identifiable — which is precisely what the fallback scale is designed to make publishable rather than concealable.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-c0-rates-held-at-their-end-2021-level-a-demanding-sc", "type": "reference", "titre": "c0 — rates held at their end-2021 level: a demanding scenari", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2021", "citation": "c0 — rates held at their end-2021 level: a demanding scenario, but not an upper bound by definition;", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-how-to-read-ids-indicates-the-existence-of-a-country", "type": "reference", "titre": "How to read: IDS indicates the existence of a country page i", "sous_type": "institution", "annee": "2026", "citation": "How to read: IDS indicates the existence of a country page in the list displayed by the World Bank; QEDS indicates the last period reported in the availability file as at 30 April 2026; FCV reproduces the FY26 list. The wave is a provisional methodological prioritisation. “Potential L2” does not mean that an estimate is already valid.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-1-united-nations-un-ohrlls", "type": "reference", "titre": "[1] United Nations — UN-OHRLLS", "sous_type": "institution", "annee": "2026", "citation": "[1] United Nations — UN-OHRLLS, “List of LDCs”. List of 44 countries consulted in July 2026.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-4-world-bank", "type": "reference", "titre": "[4] World Bank", "sous_type": "institution", "annee": "2026", "citation": "[4] World Bank, Quarterly External Debt Statistics (QEDS), GDDS and SDDS availability files, updated 30 April 2026.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-7-yaiche", "type": "reference", "titre": "[7] Yaiche", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2026", "citation": "[7] Yaiche, N. (2026), The Humanity Compact, Annex F — Formal accounting decomposition and bounded partial attribution framework, enhanced version.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-8-yaiche", "type": "reference", "titre": "[8] Yaiche", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2026", "citation": "[8] Yaiche, N. (2026), The Humanity Compact — The Global Accountability Chain, the present volume, version 2.2.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-incorporating-a-review-of-the-international-literatu", "type": "reference", "titre": "Incorporating a review of the international literature · sta", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2026", "citation": "Incorporating a review of the international literature · state of sources: July 2026.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-inegalitarian-position-other-work-concludes-the-oppo", "type": "reference", "titre": "Inegalitarian position. Other work concludes the opposite. O", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "1999", "citation": "Inegalitarian position. Other work concludes the opposite. On matched Danish administrative data, the asset valuation gains induced by easing accrue far more to households endowed with wealth and greatly exceed the wage gains of households of modest means. A panel study of forty-nine countries between 1999 and 2019, mobilising local projections and augmented inverse probability weighting to treat endogeneity, concludes that there is a net relationship between asset purchase programmes and a rise in inequality.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-the-most-pertinent-question-for-the-present-work-is-", "type": "reference", "titre": "The most pertinent question for the present work is not the", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2019", "citation": "The most pertinent question for the present work is not the effect of easing taken in isolation, but the symmetry of the cycle: are the agents who benefit from the expansion those who bear the tightening? The literature on the unwinding of asset purchases indicates a state dependence and a heterogeneity between households which forbid presuming symmetry. This attention to the distribution between agents extends the analysis of the redistribution channel of monetary policy (Auclert, 2019).", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-guided-by-the-universal-declaration-of-human-rights-", "type": "reference", "titre": "Guided by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and by t", "sous_type": "instrument_juridique", "annee": "1966", "citation": "Guided by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and by the International Covenants of 1966 on Civil and Political Rights and on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights;", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-recalling", "type": "reference", "titre": "Recalling", "sous_type": "instrument_juridique", "annee": "1992", "citation": "Recalling, by way of inspiration and without prejudging the state of positive law, the principle of the prevention of transboundary harm and the obligation of due diligence, as expressed in particular by the 1992 Rio Declaration and by the 2001 work of the International Law Commission;", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-taking-note-of-the-2030-agenda-for-sustainable-devel", "type": "reference", "titre": "Taking note of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development a", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2030", "citation": "Taking note of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and of the 2025 Compromiso de Sevilla, and placing themselves in the lineage of the Monterrey, Doha, Addis Ababa and Sevilla conferences on financing for development;", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-the-first-risk-of-a-referral-is-not-rejection-it-is-", "type": "reference", "titre": "The first risk of a referral is not rejection: it is duplica", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2009", "citation": "The first risk of a referral is not rejection: it is duplication. The system has already produced the 2009 Commission of Experts, the High-Level Panel on International Financial Accountability, Transparency and Integrity, the 2025 International Expert Commission, and the outcomes of Monterrey, Doha, Addis Ababa and Sevilla. A referral that added one more general commission would reproduce the deficit it purports to correct (Box 9). 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Requests the Secretary-General to ensure that the assessm", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2025", "citation": "8. Requests the Secretary-General to ensure that the assessment includes, before any new proposal, a public tracking matrix of relevant previous recommendations, in particular those of the Stiglitz Commission, the FACTI Panel, the 2025 Ocampo Commission, the Addis Ababa Action Agenda and the Sevilla Commitment, indicating for each recommendation:", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-difference-from-the-2025-ocampo-commission", "type": "reference", "titre": "Difference from the 2025 Ocampo Commission", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2025", "citation": "Difference from the 2025 Ocampo Commission", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-a-res-79-323", "type": "reference", "titre": "• A/RES/79/323", "sous_type": "instrument_juridique", "annee": "2025", "citation": "• A/RES/79/323, Sevilla Commitment — Resolution adopted on 25 August 2025 under the item on the follow-up to the International Conferences on Financing for Development.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-a-75-810-rev-1", "type": "reference", "titre": "• A/75/810/Rev.1", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2030", "citation": "• A/75/810/Rev.1, FACTI Panel — Report of the High-Level Panel on International Financial Accountability, Transparency and Integrity for Achieving the 2030 Agenda.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-international-expert-commission-on-financing-for-dev", "type": "reference", "titre": "• International Expert Commission on Financing for Developme", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2025", "citation": "• International Expert Commission on Financing for Development, 2025 — Report Financing a Sustainable Future, led by José Antonio Ocampo.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-financing-for-sustainable-development-report-2026-fi", "type": "reference", "titre": "• Financing for Sustainable Development Report 2026 — First", "sous_type": "article_academique", "annee": "2026", "citation": "• Financing for Sustainable Development Report 2026 — First report of the Task Force since FFD4, centred on the implementation of the Sevilla Commitment and including a mapping of commitments and initiatives.", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "refe-about-the-author-nizar-yaiche-was-minister-of-financ", "type": "reference", "titre": "About the author. 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An engineer by training (École Centrale Paris; executive education, Harvard Business School), he has led public-sector digital transformation assignments in more than thirty countries, most recently holding the position of global head of the public and government sector practice with", "poids": 0, "rattachement": "non retrouvee par le reperage automatique" }, { "id": "inst-carthage-charter", "type": "instrument", "titre": "Carthage Charter", "fonction": "Norms, rights, guarantees and limits", "effet": "Internal constitution of the architecture according to the form of adoption" }, { "id": "inst-global-accountability-framework", "type": "instrument", "titre": "Global Accountability Framework", "fonction": "Mandates, interfaces, data, audits, procedures and withdrawal", "effet": "Consented operational obligations" }, { "id": "inst-call-of-carthage", "type": "instrument", "titre": "Call of Carthage", "fonction": "Participation, qualified petition, deliberation and agenda-setting", 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"sect-financial", "relation": "releve-du-secteur", "origine": "deduite-colonne-sector" }, { "source": "exte-fossil-fuel-subsidies", "cible": "sect-climate-2", "relation": "releve-du-secteur", "origine": "deduite-colonne-sector" }, { "source": "exte-illicit-financial-flows-and-evasion", "cible": "sect-financial", "relation": "releve-du-secteur", "origine": "deduite-colonne-sector" }, { "source": "exte-social-and-environmental-costs-of-trade", "cible": "sect-trade", "relation": "releve-du-secteur", "origine": "deduite-colonne-sector" }, { "source": "exte-unregulated-ai-and-algorithmic-bias", "cible": "sect-digital", "relation": "releve-du-secteur", "origine": "deduite-colonne-sector" }, { "source": "exte-digital-platform-externalities", "cible": "sect-digital", "relation": "releve-du-secteur", "origine": "deduite-colonne-sector" }, { "source": "exte-monetary-policy-spillovers", "cible": "sect-financial", "relation": "releve-du-secteur", "origine": "deduite-colonne-sector" }, { "source": "exte-monetary-policy-spillovers", "cible": "sect-monetary", "relation": "releve-du-secteur", "origine": "deduite-colonne-sector" }, { "source": "exte-global-talent-capture-brain-drain", "cible": "sect-human", "relation": "releve-du-secteur", "origine": "deduite-colonne-sector" }, { "source": "exte-plastic-pollution-and-waste", "cible": "sect-environment", "relation": "releve-du-secteur", "origine": "deduite-colonne-sector" }, { "source": "exte-overfishing-and-ocean-degradation", "cible": "sect-environment", "relation": "releve-du-secteur", "origine": "deduite-colonne-sector" }, { "source": "fonc-measure", "cible": "inst-human-impacts-board", "relation": "assuree-par", "origine": "declaree-tableau-27" }, { "source": "fonc-rate", "cible": "inst-global-impact-rating-authority", "relation": "assuree-par", "origine": "declaree-tableau-27" }, { "source": "fonc-price", "cible": "inst-global-financial-equity-authority", "relation": "assuree-par", "origine": "declaree-tableau-27" }, { "source": "fonc-adjust-at-borders", "cible": "inst-border-fairness-mechanism", "relation": "assuree-par", "origine": "declaree-tableau-27" }, { "source": "fonc-finance", "cible": "inst-global-solidarity-fund", "relation": "assuree-par", "origine": "declaree-tableau-27" }, { "source": "fonc-certify-democratically", "cible": "inst-inter-parliamentary-digital-authority", "relation": "assuree-par", "origine": "declaree-tableau-27" }, { "source": "fonc-adjudicate", "cible": "inst-humanity-court", "relation": "assuree-par", "origine": "declaree-tableau-27" }, { "source": "clas-s6-legally-wrongful-act", "cible": "inst-global-financial-equity-authority", "relation": "route-vers", "origine": "declaree-tableau-52" }, { "source": "inno-theory-of-the-three-completenesses-of-accountability", "cible": "fami-general-theory-of-the-global-accountability-chain", "relation": "releve-de-la-famille", "origine": "declaree-tableau-11" }, { "source": "inno-accountability-deficit-towards-affected-parties", "cible": "fami-general-theory-of-the-global-accountability-chain", "relation": "releve-de-la-famille", "origine": "declaree-tableau-11" }, { "source": "inno-distinction-between-the-theory-of-the-chain-and-its-", "cible": "fami-general-theory-of-the-global-accountability-chain", "relation": "releve-de-la-famille", "origine": "declaree-tableau-11" }, { "source": "inno-interface-governance-as-an-autonomous-institutional-", "cible": "fami-interface-governance-and-institutional-design", "relation": "releve-de-la-famille", "origine": "declaree-tableau-11" }, { "source": "inno-rights-grounded-function-first-method", "cible": "fami-interface-governance-and-institutional-design", "relation": "releve-de-la-famille", "origine": "declaree-tableau-11" }, { "source": "inno-doctrine-of-negative-mandates", "cible": "fami-interface-governance-and-institutional-design", "relation": "releve-de-la-famille", "origine": "declaree-tableau-11" }, { "source": "inno-s0s6-classification-as-a-routing-mechanism", "cible": "fami-interface-governance-and-institutional-design", "relation": "releve-de-la-famille", "origine": "declaree-tableau-11" }, { "source": "inno-stopping-rules-and-the-institutional-right-not-to-co", "cible": "fami-interface-governance-and-institutional-design", "relation": "releve-de-la-famille", "origine": "declaree-tableau-11" }, { "source": "inno-separation-of-intentionincidencecausalityequitylaw", "cible": "fami-interface-governance-and-institutional-design", "relation": "releve-de-la-famille", "origine": "declaree-tableau-11" }, { "source": "inno-mandatory-comparison-with-lighter-architectures", "cible": "fami-interface-governance-and-institutional-design", "relation": "releve-de-la-famille", "origine": "declaree-tableau-11" }, { "source": "inno-typology-of-epistemic-statuses-and-burdens-of-proof", "cible": "fami-interface-governance-and-institutional-design", "relation": "releve-de-la-famille", "origine": "declaree-tableau-11" }, { "source": "inno-anatomy-of-monetary-spillovers-in-fifteen-signed-mec", "cible": "fami-anatomy-of-monetary-spillovers", "relation": "releve-de-la-famille", "origine": "declaree-tableau-11" }, { "source": "inno-cumulative-monetary-impact-and-exhaustion-of-buffers", "cible": "fami-anatomy-of-monetary-spillovers", "relation": "releve-de-la-famille", "origine": "declaree-tableau-11" }, { "source": "inno-multidimensional-shock-vector-with-testable-signatur", "cible": "fami-anatomy-of-monetary-spillovers", "relation": "releve-de-la-famille", "origine": "declaree-tableau-11" }, { "source": "inno-bounded-partial-attribution-mechanism-by-mechanism", "cible": "fami-attribution-non-additivity-and-distributive-tracing", "relation": "releve-de-la-famille", "origine": "declaree-tableau-11" }, { "source": "inno-full-cycle-symmetry-and-distribution-across-agents", "cible": "fami-attribution-non-additivity-and-distributive-tracing", "relation": "releve-de-la-famille", "origine": "declaree-tableau-11" }, { "source": "inno-non-additivity-and-allocation-by-primitive-economic-", "cible": "fami-attribution-non-additivity-and-distributive-tracing", "relation": "releve-de-la-famille", "origine": "declaree-tableau-11" }, { "source": "inno-distributive-tracing-of-the-100-units-injected", "cible": "fami-attribution-non-additivity-and-distributive-tracing", "relation": "releve-de-la-famille", "origine": "declaree-tableau-11" }, { "source": "inno-mapping-of-an-international-system-that-is-dense-but", "cible": "fami-empirical-diagnosis-of-global-fragmentation", "relation": "releve-de-la-famille", "origine": "declaree-tableau-11" }, { "source": "inno-authority-matrix-for-ai-native-and-human-governed-in", "cible": "fami-ai-data-and-institutional-resilience", "relation": "releve-de-la-famille", "origine": "declaree-tableau-11" }, { "source": "inno-error-containment-and-degraded-operation-without-ai", "cible": "fami-ai-data-and-institutional-resilience", "relation": "releve-de-la-famille", "origine": "declaree-tableau-11" }, { "source": "inno-fast-modes-within-fixed-mandates", "cible": "fami-ai-data-and-institutional-resilience", "relation": "releve-de-la-famille", "origine": "declaree-tableau-11" }, { "source": "inno-gradual-adoption-without-a-coercive-world-government", "cible": "fami-applications-adoption-and-implementation", "relation": "releve-de-la-famille", "origine": "declaree-tableau-11" }, { "source": "inno-actionability-layer-for-development-financing", "cible": "fami-applications-adoption-and-implementation", "relation": "releve-de-la-famille", "origine": "declaree-tableau-11" }, { "source": "inno-accountability-as-infrastructure-for-preventive-peac", "cible": "fami-applications-adoption-and-implementation", "relation": "releve-de-la-famille", "origine": "declaree-tableau-11" }, { "source": "meca-additional-exchange-rate-cost-on-debt-service-cash-f", "cible": "exte-monetary-policy-spillovers", "relation": "compose", "origine": "deduite-tableau-47" }, { "source": "meca-additional-floating-rate-interest-cost", "cible": "exte-monetary-policy-spillovers", "relation": "compose", "origine": "deduite-tableau-47" }, { "source": "meca-refinancing-risk-free-curve", "cible": "exte-monetary-policy-spillovers", "relation": "compose", "origine": "deduite-tableau-47" }, { "source": "meca-refinancing-global-emerging-market-spread", "cible": "exte-monetary-policy-spillovers", "relation": "compose", "origine": "deduite-tableau-47" }, { "source": "meca-refinancing-idiosyncratic-premium", "cible": "exte-monetary-policy-spillovers", "relation": "compose", "origine": "deduite-tableau-47" }, { "source": "meca-cost-of-carrying-reserves", "cible": "exte-monetary-policy-spillovers", "relation": "compose", "origine": "deduite-tableau-47" }, { "source": "meca-domestic-crowding-out", "cible": "exte-monetary-policy-spillovers", "relation": "compose", "origine": "deduite-tableau-47" }, { "source": "meca-imported-cereal-price-shock", "cible": "exte-monetary-policy-spillovers", "relation": "compose", "origine": "deduite-tableau-47" }, { "source": "meca-imported-energy-price-shock", "cible": "exte-monetary-policy-spillovers", "relation": "compose", "origine": "deduite-tableau-47" }, { "source": "meca-drag-on-export-demand", "cible": "exte-monetary-policy-spillovers", "relation": "compose", "origine": "deduite-tableau-47" }, { "source": "meca-drag-on-fdi-and-financing", "cible": "exte-monetary-policy-spillovers", "relation": "compose", "origine": "deduite-tableau-47" }, { "source": "meca-tourism-buffer-negative-sign", "cible": "exte-monetary-policy-spillovers", "relation": "compose", "origine": "deduite-tableau-47" }, { "source": "meca-return-on-reserves-gain", "cible": "exte-monetary-policy-spillovers", "relation": "compose", "origine": "deduite-tableau-47" }, { "source": "meca-revaluation-of-diaspora-remittances-gain", "cible": "exte-monetary-policy-spillovers", "relation": "compose", "origine": "deduite-tableau-47" }, { "source": "meca-ebb-in-world-prices-gain", "cible": "exte-monetary-policy-spillovers", "relation": "compose", "origine": "deduite-tableau-47" }, { "source": "meca-memo-item-exchange-rate-revaluation-of-the-debt-stoc", "cible": "exte-monetary-policy-spillovers", "relation": "compose", "origine": "deduite-tableau-47" }, { "source": "obje-invisible-externalities", "cible": "sect-2-2-invisible-externalities-a-definition", "relation": "defini-a", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-invisible-externalities", "cible": "sect-5-points-to-be-submitted-for-external-legal-validati", "relation": "alimente", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-twenty-families-five-modes", "cible": "sect-2-3-modes-and-sectors-a-working-taxonomy", "relation": "defini-a", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-twenty-families-five-modes", "cible": "sect-2-2-invisible-externalities-a-definition", "relation": "s-appuie-sur", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-accountability-deficit", "cible": "sect-2-5-the-deficit-stated", "relation": "defini-a", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-accountability-deficit", "cible": "sect-2-2-invisible-externalities-a-definition", "relation": "s-appuie-sur", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-law-of-attrition-power-hypothesis", "cible": "sect-2-6-two-rival-explanations-of-the-deficit-and-how-to", "relation": "defini-a", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-law-of-attrition-power-hypothesis", "cible": "sect-3-documentary-portfolio-to-be-produced-after-consult", "relation": "s-appuie-sur", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-law-of-attrition-power-hypothesis", "cible": "sect-12-from-moral-aspiration-to-a-verifiable-institution", "relation": "alimente", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-global-accountability-chain", "cible": "sect-1-4-the-theoretical-contribution-three-completenesse", "relation": "defini-a", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-global-accountability-chain", "cible": "sect-4-correspondence-with-the-fifteen-earlier-commitment", "relation": "defini-a", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-global-accountability-chain", "cible": "sect-2-5-the-deficit-stated", "relation": "s-appuie-sur", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-global-accountability-chain", "cible": "sect-4-5-qualitative-comparison-of-the-candidate-architec", "relation": "alimente", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-negative-mandates", "cible": "sect-4-2-nine-design-principles", "relation": "defini-a", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-negative-mandates", "cible": "sect-4-7-from-the-chain-to-the-institutions-the-design-re", "relation": "defini-a", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-negative-mandates", "cible": "sect-5-points-to-be-submitted-for-external-legal-validati", "relation": "alimente", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-stopping-rules", "cible": "sect-1-7-negative-mandates-stopping-rules-and-routing", "relation": "defini-a", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-stopping-rules", "cible": "sect-4-2-nine-design-principles", "relation": "defini-a", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-stopping-rules", "cible": "sect-9-adoption-beginning-with-standalone-value-not-with-", "relation": "alimente", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-interface-integrity", "cible": "sect-5-9-the-architecture-as-a-chain-the-interfaces-betwe", "relation": "defini-a", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-interface-integrity", "cible": "sect-8-law-consent-and-the-limits-of-power", "relation": "alimente", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-principles-p1p10", "cible": "sect-4-2-nine-design-principles", "relation": "defini-a", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-principles-p1p10", "cible": "sect-15-5-preventing-without-governing-by-forecast", "relation": "defini-a", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-principles-p1p10", "cible": "sect-4-1-1-from-convictions-to-principles", "relation": "s-appuie-sur", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-principles-p1p10", "cible": "sect-6-artificial-intelligence-and-resilience-using-and-c", "relation": "alimente", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-the-seven-functions", "cible": "sect-5-points-to-be-submitted-for-external-legal-validati", "relation": "defini-a", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-the-seven-functions", "cible": "sect-4-7-from-the-chain-to-the-institutions-the-design-re", "relation": "s-appuie-sur", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-the-three-instruments", "cible": "sect-6-artificial-intelligence-and-resilience-using-and-c", "relation": "defini-a", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-the-three-instruments", "cible": "sect-12-from-moral-aspiration-to-a-verifiable-institution", "relation": "alimente", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-the-three-instruments", "cible": "sect-n-carthage-charter", "relation": "alimente", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-the-three-instruments", "cible": "sect-o-j-register-of-subordinate-protocols", "relation": "alimente", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-the-three-instruments", "cible": "sect-p-call-of-carthage", "relation": "alimente", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-the-two-loops", "cible": "sect-1-5-two-loops-responding-and-preventing", "relation": "defini-a", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-the-two-loops", "cible": "sect-15-from-corrective-accountability-to-anticipatory-ac", "relation": "defini-a", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-four-categories-of-claim", "cible": "sect-1-10-method-evidential-statuses-and-materials", "relation": "defini-a", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-three-rung-ladder", "cible": "sect-9-2-the-discipline-of-attribution", "relation": "defini-a", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-three-rung-ladder", "cible": "sect-9-adoption-beginning-with-standalone-value-not-with-", "relation": "alimente", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-three-rung-ladder", "cible": "sect-f-formal-accounting-decomposition-and-bounded-partia", "relation": "alimente", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-three-rung-ladder", "cible": "sect-g-protocol-and-empirical-diagnostic", "relation": "alimente", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-s0s6-routing", "cible": "sect-9-7-from-spillover-to-consequence-what-must-be-estab", "relation": "defini-a", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { "source": "obje-s0s6-routing", "cible": "sect-5-4-global-financial-equity-authority-gfea-the-prici", "relation": "alimente", "origine": "declaree-tableau-5" }, { 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